Beshtoev, Khamidbi Mukhamedovich

Born in May 1943 in the village. Kyzburun-3 of the Baksan district of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . There he graduated from ten years.

• 1961 - entered the Physics Department of Kabardino-Balkarian State University (KBSU).
• 1964 - transferred to the Physics Department of Moscow State University , which he graduated in 1968.
• 1968 - 1972 - graduate student of the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University.
• 1972 - 1990 - worked at KBSU , where he lectured on elementary particle physics.
• 1974 - defended his thesis for the degree of candidate of physical and mathematical sciences on the topic "Unitary-symmetric generalization of the statistical theory of multiple particle formation."
• 1977 - 1992 - employee of the Baksan neutrino observatory .
• 2012 - defended his thesis for the degree of Doctor of Physics and Mathematics on the topic “Mixing (oscillations) of neutral mesons and neutrinos and the problem of solar neutrinos”.
• since March 30, 1992 - ?? - worked at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) ^[1] .
• ?? - 2016 - Leading Researcher, Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Automation, Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences ^[2] .

Kh. M. Beshtoev was a highly qualified specialist in multiple processes in strong interactions at high energies, in cosmic rays (modeling of processes at ultrahigh energies), and in general problems of elementary particle physics. Recently, he has been studying the theory of weak interactions, in particular, the problems of oscillations of neutral mesons and neutrinos and the problem of solar neutrinos.

He showed that at high energies in strong interactions the partial cross sections of the corresponding channels with the production of N particles for the particle and antiparticle become equal, then the equality of the total cross sections for the particle and antiparticle (ie, Pomeranchuk's theorem) occurs when summing the cross sections over all N channels [ one].

He developed a program to simulate all the basic characteristics (hadrons, muons, etc.) in extensive air showers from the primary spectrum of cosmic rays. He also developed a method for extracting the composition of primary cosmic rays from the distribution of multiple muons in wide air showers [2].

H.M. Beshtoyev carried out a lot of work in the field of neutrino mixing and oscillations, in one of the relevant areas of modern physics:

He developed the standard quantum-mechanical theory of neutrino oscillations and built a model of neutrino oscillations in the framework of elementary particle physics [3]. The same extension of the theory of oscillations was made for mesons [4]. Based on the proposed expansion, he developed a new (non-resonant) mechanism for enhancing neutrino oscillations of different masses in matter [5]. H.M. Beshtoev analyzed the mechanism of resonant amplification of neutrino oscillations in matter. It is shown that due to the left-side nature of weak interactions, they cannot generate masses. As a result, it turned out that this resonant amplification in a substance cannot occur without violating the law of conservation of energy-momentum [6].

The experimental data obtained in SuperKamiokand confirm this conclusion. There is no kink in the spectrum of solar neutrinos that should have arisen in the presence of resonant amplification of the oscillations. The day-night effect (neutrino regeneration during the passage of neutrinos through the Earth's thickness) is also not observed [7].

I solved the problem of the origin of the mixing angle in his proposed model of neutrino oscillations. Found a new type of virtual oscillations (maximum mixing angle). He showed that it is impossible to include the Majorana neutrino into the standard theory of weak interactions without violating gauge invariance [8], i.e. only oscillations between electron, muon, and tau neutrinos are realistic. Experimental data obtained at SSS (Canada) confirm the presence of only this type of neutrino oscillations [9].

In addition, H.M. Beshtoev proposed a dynamic analogue of the Kabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrices, i.e. a dynamic extension of the theory of weak interactions, in which four pairs of heavy carriers of weak interaction appear. These carriers make transitions between different families of quarks. Within the framework of this expansion, mesonic oscillations were calculated [10].

H.M. Beshtoyev performed a series of works on Cherenkov radiation in absorbent media. The role of the imaginary part of the refractive index is revealed. It was shown that this leads to resonance radiation with a non-zero width instead of delta-shaped radiation [11]. This leads to a change in the threshold behavior of Cherenkov radiation, namely, for cos z = c / vn = 1, this radiation is nonzero [12].

H.M. Beshtoyev performed work on general issues in the theory of gauge fields and weak interactions.

He showed that in the gravitational field of a massive body the atomic and nuclear levels shift, resulting in a redshift in the spectra of atomic and nuclear radiation, which coincides with the redshift measured in the experiments. This means that photons move in a gravitational field without interaction [13].

He has published more than 150 scientific papers.

1. Beshtoev H.M., Proceedings of the 15th Int. conf. On cosmic rays, Plovdiv, v. 7, 1977. Kh. M. Beshtoev, A. N. Sisakyan, JINR Communication P2-9444, Dubna, 1976.
2. Beshtoev H.M., Arkhestov G.K. Nuclear. Physics, 1988, v. 47, p. 753; Acta Phys. Polonica, 1989, v. B2, p. 885; Prep. INR RAS P-0656, Moscow, 1990; Beshtoev Kh. M., JINR Comm. E2-93-203, Dubna, 1993.
3. Beshtoev H.M., Proceed. of 28th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Japan, 2003, V.3, p. 1503; 1507. Beshtoev H. M., Phys. of elem. Part. and Atomic Nucl. (Particles and Nuclei), ECHO 1996, vol. 27 N1, p. 53. Beshtoev Kh.M., Lett. to Particles and Nuclei (ESP), 2007, v. 4, N6, p. 789. Beshtoev H.M., Hadronic Journal, 1995, v. 18, p. 169. Beshtoev H.M., JINR Rapid Communications, 3 (71) -95.
4. Beshtoev Kh. M., Hadronic Journal v. 23, 2000, p. 295; Nuclear Physics B (Proc. Supl.), 2011, v. 219-220, p. 276-280.
5. Beshtoev Kh. M., Il Nuovo Cim., 1995, v. 108A, p. 175; Turkish Journal of Physics 1996, v.20, p. 1245.
6. Beshtoev Kh. M., Journal of Modern Physics, 2011; 48th All-Russian Conference on Problems of Physics of Particles, Physics of Plasma, ..., Moscow, May 2012, p. 73.
7. Takeuchi Y. For the Super-Kamiokande collaboration, Nuclear Physics B Proceedings Supplement 00 (2011), p. 1-6. Fukuda Y. et al., Phys Rev. Lett., 2001, v.25, p. 5651; Phys. Lett.B, 2002, v. 549 p. 179 .; Bellini G. et al., ArXive: 1104.2150v1 [hep-ex], April 2011.
8. Beshtoev Kh. M., Letters to Physics of Elementary Particles and Atomic nuclei, 2009, v. 6 N5, p. 655; JINR Commun., E2-2010-85, Dubna, 2010
9. Ahmad QR et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 2002, v. 89, p. 011301-1; Phys. Rev. Lett. 2002, v. 89, p. 011302-1.
10. Beshtoev Kh. M., Hadronic Journal, 2000, v. 23, p. 295; Bulletin of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, 2008, N2, p. one hundred.
11. Beshtoev Kh. M., Turkish Journal of Physics, 2001, v. 25, p. 19.
12. Tyapkin AA, JINR Rapid Commun. 3 [60] -93, p. 25.
13. Beshtoev Kh. M., Physics Essays, 2000, v. 13, p. one.

• Hamidby Mukhamedovich Beshtoyev's profile on the official website of the RAS
• Official Kabardino-Balkaria (Russian) (Retrieved January 2, 2015)