Ermolov, Alexey Sergeevich

Born in Tiflis on November 12 ( 24 ), 1847 . The son of Sergei Nikolaevich Ermolov (1798-1856) and Maria Grigoryevna, nee Gezhelinsky.

At the end of the course at the Imperial Alexander Lyceum, he entered the service of the Department of Agriculture (later the Department of Agriculture and Rural Industry) of the Ministry of State Property and at the same time studied agricultural sciences for three years at the St. Petersburg Agricultural Institute , where he passed the exam for the degree of candidate Agriculture.

Appointed by the senior editor of the statistics department of the department and a member of the scientific committee of the Ministry, Ermolov led an expedition to study sheep breeding in Russia, the results of which were subsequently published under his own editorship.

In 1883, Ermolov was appointed director of the levy fees of the Ministry of Finance . In this position, Ermolov especially cared for the restoration of the close connection between distillery , as agricultural technical production, and agriculture , which was implemented by the law of 1890 on measures to maintain agricultural distillation.

In 1892, Yermolov was appointed as a fellow Minister of Finance, and on March 28, 1893 - the manager of the Ministry of State Property, and he was entrusted with the transformation of this ministry into the Ministry of Agriculture, which he later successfully completed. According to historian I.I. Voronov, “A. S. Ermolov turned out to be the most competent and probably the least influential minister in the entire history of the Ministry of Agriculture ” ^[1] . He headed the Ministry of State Property until its transformation in 1905.

Ermolov cared a lot about identifying the needs of agricultural education and handicraft industry , about improving breech mineral waters, about cultivating breech areas on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus . In 1886-1888, he was vice president of the Imperial Free Economic Society , in the " Works " of which, as well as in the journal "Agriculture and Forestry" and in the " Agricultural Newspaper " he published many special articles.

In his most famous book, Organization of Agriculture, Ermolov proposed solutions to the problem of crop rotation in peasant farming. The book was also known in Germany and influenced the formation of the views of F. Erebo and other representatives of the Betriebslehre school ^[2] .

Ermolov applied his agricultural knowledge and experience to the estate on Bolshaya Aleshnya near Ryazhsk , which he bought in 1900 from Ivan Vsevolozhsky . With his estate, he set up a stud farm. Paired mansions in the neo - Gothic style have survived, between which an entrance is arranged like a triumphal arch .

In 1896, Ermolov supported the construction of the Primorsko-Sestroretsk railway , and in 1898 the resort at the mouth of the Sestra River using sources of mineral water. Allocated land for free use on the coast of the Gulf of Finland for the construction of charitable health-improving, including children's institutions .

In Sestroretsk, Ermolovsky Prospect (as well as the neighboring Ermolovsky Lane ), Ermolovsky Pension, Ermolovsky Church, Ermolovsky Theater, Ermolovsky Beach were named after him. The terrain along Yermolovsky Prospekt was called Yermolovka. The era of renaming bypassed these places ^[3] .

• Order of St. Stanislav 1 tbsp. (1884)
• The highest favor (1884)
• Order of St. Anne 1 tbsp. (1890)
• Highest Thanks (1891)
• Order of the White Eagle (1900)
• Highest Thanks (1902)
• The Highest Rescript of the Empress Alexandra Feodorovna (1902)
• Secretary of State (1903)
• Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (1904)
• Highest Thanks (1905)
• Highest Rescript (1905)
• Member of the Council of State (1905)
• Highest Thanks (1907)
• Diamond Signs of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (1908)
• Order of St. Vladimir 1 tbsp. (1912)
• Highest Thanks (1914)

• For the essay "Organization of the field economy" was awarded the Makariev Prize .
• Honorary member of the Russian Geographical Society , in 1912 he headed the Permanent Environmental Commission under him.
• Honorary Member of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1899).
• Honorary Trustee of the Riga Gymnasium.
• Honorary Citizen of Pyatigorsk.

• Ermolov A.S. Our land issue . - SPb. : Type of. V. Kirshbaum, 1906.- 291 p. (inaccessible link)
• Ermolov A. S. Bad harvest and national disaster . - SPb. : Type of. V. Kirshbaum, 1892 .-- 270 p.

• "New studies of phosphorites" ( 1867 );
• "On the extraction, processing and use of rounds of fossil phosphate lime in France" ( 1870 );
• “Phosphorites near Moscow and in the Moscow province” ( 1870 );
• “Essays on the Beatitude” ( 1871 );
• "Higher agricultural education in its relations to rural business in Russia" ( 1872 );
• “Organization of theoretical and practical tests to solve the issue of soil fertilizer” ( 1872 );
• "Recherches sur les gisements de phosphate de chaux fossile en Russie" ( 1873 );
• "The agricultural business of Europe and America at the Vienna World Exhibition of 1873 and in its era" ( 1875 );
• "Distillation from the stalks of corn" ( 1878 );
• “From a trip abroad” ( 1878 );
• Notice sur les céréales de la Russie ( 1878 );
• “Mémoire sur la production agricole de la Russie” ( 1878 );
• “Organization of the field economy” (2nd ed., 1891 );
• "Agricultural and statistical literature at the world exhibition in Paris in 1878" (1879);
• Under the editorship of Ermolov, a translation of the work of J. Bill : Chemical Fertilizers ( 1872 ) is printed.
• Since 1890 , he placed in the journal "Russian Outlook" an agricultural chronicle; the first series of these studies was published especially under the title: "Modern Agricultural Issues" (1891).
• "Folk Agricultural Wisdom in Proverbs, Sayings and Signs", volumes 1-4, 1901-1905 - on folk agricultural ideas, customs and beliefs.

• Ermolov, Aleksei Sergeevich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Almanac of modern Russian statesmen . - SPb. : Type of. Isidore Goldberg, 1897. - S. 150-152.
• Ermolov Aleksey Sergeevich // Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vol.] / Ch. ed. Yu.S. Osipov . - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2004—2017.

• Contribution of A. S. Ermolov to the establishment of the Black Sea resorts
• Ermolov A.S.