Fred Olsner ( German: Fred Oelßner ; February 27, 1903 , Leipzig - November 7, 1977 , Berlin ) - German Communist politician, member of the SED . Economist, initiator of research in the field of political economy and founder of the school of political economy in the GDR . The son of a communist Alfred Elsner .
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Biography
After graduating from high school in Weissenfels, Elsner studied in 1917-1919 as a miller and a merchant at the flour mill in Bojdice. Having dropped out of school due to vigorous political activity in the organization of socialist working youth and the Free German Youth Union , Elsner worked as an office clerk in Galle . At the same time he was the head of the district organization of the Socialist proletarian youth and the Communist Youth League of Germany in Halle and Merseburg . In 1919, Elsner joined the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany , in 1920 - the Communist Party of Germany .
In 1921, Elsner participated in the March uprising , then worked in the Central Committee of the KKE. From autumn 1921 to January 1922, Elsner worked on a voluntary basis in the Hamburgische Volkszeitung newspaper, in 1922-1923 - editor of the Schlesische Arbeiterzeitung in Breslau , then editor in Chemnitz and Stuttgart . At the end of 1923, Elsner was arrested and in 1924 sentenced in Leipzig to one year in prison for "preparing for high treason." After his release, he worked as an editor in Remscheid and Aachen .
In 1926, Elsner was sent to Moscow , where he studied at the Lenin International School until 1928, and then went to graduate school for a year. Then he was an employee of the Faculty of Economics of the Institute of Red Professors . In 1932, Elsner returned to Germany and worked in the department of agitation and propaganda at the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and lecturer at the Imperial Party School of the Communist Party of the Communist Party of Germany named after Rosa Luxemburg in Schöneich-Fichtenau near Berlin.
In 1933, Elsner emigrated to France , where he worked as Wilhelm Pieck's personal secretary. In 1934, he directed the courses of the party school in Amsterdam , Zurich and Prague , in 1935 he returned to the USSR. In Moscow, he worked as a teacher at the International Leninist School and the Communist University of National Minorities of the West . In 1936 he was fired for allegedly ideological deviation and was engaged in translation and literary activities. In 1938-1941, he headed the planning department of a paper mill in Moscow. In 1940 received Soviet citizenship. In 1941-1944, he worked as an editor, later as editor-in-chief of the German edition of Moscow Radio , then as a teacher of the party school KPD No. 12 in Moscow. At this time, participated in the commission on the development of the post-war program of the KKE.
In 1945, Elsner returned to Germany as part of Ackermann's group . In 1946-1949, he led the department of party education, culture and education of the KKE, later the SED. In 1947 he was elected to the board, later the SED Central Committee, in 1949 he became a deputy of the People’s Chamber of the GDR . In 1950, he was accepted as a member of the Politburo of the SED Central Committee, since 1955, he served as deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers of the GDR and chairman of the commission for the production of consumer goods and supplying the population under the Presidium of the Council of Ministers of the GDR.
In 1950-1956, Fred Elsner worked as editor-in-chief of Einheit , then taught economics at the Institute of Social Sciences under the SED Central Committee. On June 17, 1953 he formed a district headquarters in Galle for the elimination of unrest and coordinated as a higher authority the actions of the district leadership of the SED, the District Council, the People’s Police , the District Department of State Security, the Barracks People’s Police and Soviet military units in Galle.
In 1958, Elsner lost all his posts in connection with the Karl Shirdevan and Ernst Wollweber cases. In 1959, he delivered a self-critical report, Opportunism and Political Blindness. In 1958-1969, Elsner headed the Institute of Economic Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR . In 1968, he was awarded the title of Honorary Doctor of the Humboldt University of Berlin . He was buried at the Socialist Memorial in the Central Cemetery of Friedrichsfeld .
Compositions
- Der Marxismus der Gegenwart und seine Kritiker , Berlin 1948
- Die Wirtschaftskrisen Band 1, Berlin 1949
- Rosa Luxemburg , Berlin 1952
- Probleme der Krisenforschung , Berlin 1959
- Ein Beitrag zur Monopoltheorie , Berlin 1960
- Die Arbeitswerttheorie als wissenschaftliche Grundlage der Marxschen politischen Ökonomie , Berlin 1967