Alexander Borisovich Hessin ( Khesin ; [2] 1869–1955) - Russian and Soviet music figure, composer and conductor, music teacher, later Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
| Alexander Borisovich Hessin | |
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| Awards | Honored Artist of the RSFSR |
Biography
Born in a Jewish merchant family. His father Boris Yakovlevich Khesin (1843–?) Was engaged in the banking business of his younger brother - the merchant of the first guild Pavel Yakovlevich Khesin (1847—?); Bert Hesin’s mother was a housewife. In 1893 he graduated from the Law Faculty of St. Petersburg University. He studied music under the guidance of the mother pianist, then Knin. After graduation, at the insistence of P.I. Tchaikovsky, who drew attention to his musical abilities, he decided to devote himself to music. In 1897 he entered the St. Petersburg Conservatory and after 2 years received the title of free artist in the theory of composition of the class of professor Η. F. Soloviev. In 1899, he first appeared as a composer and conductor with his cantata “Gypsies” (to a text from Pushkin’s poem), written for the orchestra, choir and soloists and performed in Pavlovsk on the day of Pushkin’s 100th anniversary.
In 1899, he improved as a conductor in Leipzig under the direction of Arthur Nikisch, and then Motl, under whose leadership he worked in Karlsruhe; the next year he conducted a symphony concert there, dedicated to the memory of Tchaikovsky. From 1901 to 1902 he was a conductor at the opera Breslau. The Imperial Russian Musical Society invited Hessin to conduct 2 symphony concerts in St. Petersburg in 1901 and 4 in 1902. The invitation was renewed over the next two seasons, as the concerts were very successful. At the same time, Hessin conducted symphony concerts in Moscow, Kiev, Odessa, Kharkov, Kazan and other cities. In 1905 he was elected director of the Moscow Philharmonic School (3rd Russian Conservatory), but due to events related to the 1905 Revolution, he was forced to leave the school. After his directorship, he conducted concerts in Pavlovsk for three seasons, and at the same time performed abroad (in Berlin, Paris, London), while the conductor received pan-European fame. Since 1910, he served as chief conductor and manager of the entire musical part of the symphony concerts of Count Sheremetev.
In 1920 he headed the State Orchestra of Petrograd. In 1929 he received the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR. In the Soviet period, he toured the USSR several times, from 1935 to 1941 he taught at the Moscow Conservatory; from 1936 to 1938 he was the artistic director of the opera studio at the conservatory, and from 1939 - its chief conductor; in the same year received the title of professor of the conservatory. From 1943 to 1953 he was the leader and consultant of the Ensemble of Soviet Opera of the WTO. In 1959, a book of memoirs of his authorship was published [3] .
He was buried at the Don cemetery .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 G. Riman Hessin // Musical Dictionary : Translation from the 5th German Edition / Ed. Yu. D. Engel - M .: Music Publishing House of P.I. Jurgenson , 1901. - T. 3. - P. 1371.
- ↑ Hessin (Khesin), Alexander Borisovich (1869-1955), conductor, teacher
- ↑ Hessin // Musical Dictionary : in 3 volumes / comp. H. Riemann ; add. Russian department with staff. P. Weimarn and others; per. and all ext. under the editorship of Yu. D. Engel . - Per. from the 5th of it. ed. - Moscow — Leipzig: ed. B.P. Jurgenson , 1904 .
Literature
- Hessin, Alexander Borisovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.