Jan van der Meer of Utrecht ( Jan Vermeer of Utrecht / Johan van der Meer / Niderl. Jan van der Meer van Utrecht /; Vermeer d'Utrecht / Meer, Jan van der (III) [1] ; 1630 , Schipluyden - 1696 , ) - portrait painter , master of genre scenes of the Golden Age of Dutch painting [2] .
| Jan van der Meer of Utrecht | |
|---|---|
| Jan van der Meer van utrecht | |
 Singing couple oil on canvas 79 × 63.5 cm. Private collection | |
| Birth name | Johan van der meer |
| Date of Birth | 1630 |
| Place of Birth | Schipleuden |
| Date of death | 1696 |
| Place of death | Timewick |
| Citizenship |  Republic of the United Provinces |
| Genre | Portrait Genre painting |
| Style | Baroque |
Biography
The future painter, Jan Vermeer of Utrecht, was baptized on February 16, 1630 in Schipleuiden . His father died when the boy was 10 years old, so Jan Van der Meer was raised in the house of his great-uncle in Rotterdam . According to the information communicated by Haubraken , Van der Meer traveled around Italy along with Lieve Verheuzen ), and in Italy himself became friends with Willem Drost and Johann Karl Lot .
between 1662 and 1666; oil on canvas 131 × 114 cm.
Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon , France [4]
Returning to Holland in 1662 , as early as next year, Van der Meer joined the Utrecht guild of St. Luke , and in 1664 - 1666 became dean of the guild [5] .
In the biography of Jan Davids de Hem, Haubraken leads a curious episode from the life of Van der Meer of Utrecht. Upon his return from Italy, Van der Meer married a rich widow who owned a factory for the production of lead white. Life did not cause him much trouble until his wife died. To crown it all, the factory during the invasion of Louis XIV’s army ( Year of Disasters , Netherlands. Rampjaar ) was burned down by French soldiers. Until that time, Van der Meer was engaged in painting rather for his own pleasure, being the grandson of a very wealthy grandfather [6] .
Then van der Meer arrived at the court of his patron, 1672) [7] . Here, the skills of the painter were useful to him, and he, not least due to the successfully executed portrait of the young Prince William III [8] surrounded by flowers, gets a place in the public service.
Oil on canvas 93.5 × 72 cm. National Museum , Warsaw
Apparently, it was Frederick de Zulesteyn’s patronage that contributed to the appointment of Van der Meer to the board of Utrecht (Vroedschap), although the artist could well feel his uselessness in this environment. The Utrecht Council showed compassion for the fate of Van der Meer in 1672 ( unfortunate, however, for the entire independent Holland ) after losing their livelihood, and now he receives the post of tax collector and controller of an important gateway in . In 1683, in the same Vreezsveike, Van der Meer combined his second marriage with Hendrina Hounietop. Here he died between May 1695 and September 1697 .
Museum collections
- Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon , France
- Louvre , Paris , painting department
- National Museum , Warsaw
Van der Meer's painting on the web
- At the entrance to the tavern, 1653 . Oil on canvas 70 × 66 cm Paris , Louvre INV. 1452
- Three on the farm ; 2nd floor XVII century . Oil on wood 37 × 30 cm ( Chrisie's Auction, Vienna , 1996)
Literature
oil on canvas 93 × 71 cm. National Museum , Warsaw
- Ivan Gaskell, Michiel Jonker. Not to be confused with the Sphinx of Delft: The Utrecht painter Johannes van der Meer (Schipluiden 1630-1695 / 1697 Vreeswijk?) // Vermeer Studies / MJ Bok. - New Haven / London: Yale University Press, 1998. - P. 67-79. - 372 p. - (Studies in the History of Art). - ISBN 0300075219 .
- Thieme, Ulrich; Becker, Felix. Meer van Utrecht, Johann van der: Urliens-Vzal (1940) // Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler: von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart [Thieme Becker ]. - Leipzig: Seemann, 1907-1950. - Vol. 34. - P. 275.
- Willigen, Aad van der; Kinkelder, Marijke C. de. Dictionary of Dutch and Flemish Landscape and Marine painters working in oils, active before 1725 (RKD) . - 1993-1998.
- Jonathan Bikker. Willem Drost: A Rembrandt Pupil in Amsterdam and Venice . - Yale Univercity Press, 2005. - P. 38. - 222 p. - ISBN 0300105819 .
- S. Muller. Een regentenstuk van Johan van der Meer (nid.) // Oud-Holland. - 1888. - Vol. 6. - P. 25-32.
- Zyumtor, Paul. The daily life of Holland in the days of Rembrandt . - Moscow: Young Guard, 2000. - 420 p. - (Living History: The Daily Life of Humanity). - ISBN 5235024133 .
Notes
Oil on canvas 276 × 436 cm. Fundatie van Renswoude, Utrecht
- ↑ In A. Haubraken 's work “De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen” ( 1718 ) Jan van der Meer appears as Johan van der Meer .
- ↑ Although Jan van der Meer comes from Schipleuden, which is located close to Delft , there is no information about his relationship with his more famous contemporary and compatriot, Jan Vermeer Delft .
- ↑ Actually, the portrait of Wilhelm III of Orange was created by Jan van der Meer; while the flower garland framing the figure of a prince and occupying most of the pictorial field in this picture is written by a native of Utrecht , Jan Davids de Heem, 1606-1644.
- ↑ The painting, before taking a place on the wall of the Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon , got into the French military collection in the Royal Art Collection. And this happened a century after the artist’s death, in 1795.
- ↑ The Dean of the St. Luke's Guild , only in 1662-63 and 1670-71, and not in Utrecht , but in Delft was now the world-famous fame of our van der Meer.
- ↑ The fact indicated by Arnold Haubraken can testify to the viability of Van der Meer: he once paid an incredible amount of two thousand guilders for a picture with a flower garland by Jan Davids de Hem . Although this episode can be attributed to the admiration in which the painting of de Hem was brought to his contemporaries; It would not be superfluous to compare such, for example, the figures from the book by Paul Süthtor, Professor of the University of Amsterdam, “The Daily Life of Holland during the Rembrandt” (1959): a carpenter at the shipyard who worked 12 hours a day without holidays received 100 guilders per year of work; a mason (with his tools) —360 Guddens per year; In 1642, a group portrait of Amsterdam shooters (the so-called “Night Watch” ) was ordered to Rembrandt, who was at the peak of his glory for 1600 guilders.
- К The Battle of Crepina (Eng.) , East of Verdun , which took place on October 12, 1672 , was the last for Count Nassau. The army of independent Holland unsuccessfully staring against the French invasion and was defeated, and its valiant leader, Frederick of Nassau, fell in battle.
- З The ruler of Zeulestein, Frederick of Nassau was the guardian of Prince William III between 1659 and 1666 .
Links
- Artnet.com
- Van der Meer on the (RKD)