Siege of Novgorod (1170) - an unsuccessful military campaign of the troops of Andrei Bogolyubsky and his allies, undertaken one year after they took Kiev .
| Siege of Novgorod by the troops of Andrei Bogolyubsky | |||
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 Battle of Novgorod and Suzdal in 1170 , a fragment of the icon of 1460 | |||
| date | February 22–25, 1170 | ||
| A place | Novgorod | ||
| Total | defeat of the coalition of Andrei Bogolyubsky | ||
| Opponents | |||
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| Commanders | |||
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Content
History
In 1168, the people of Novgorod called for the reign of Roman , the son of Mstislav Izyaslavich of Kiev. The first campaign was carried out against the Polotsk princes, Andrew’s allies. The land was ravaged, the troops did not get to Polotsk 30 miles. Then Roman attacked the Toropets volost of the Smolensk principality.
Perhaps Mstislav Izyaslavich Kiev misjudged the strategic situation, sending part of the southern forces to help Roman at a time when his opponents were preparing a campaign against Kiev. Sent by an army led by Mikhail Yuryevich and black hoods were intercepted by Rostislavichi on the road due to the betrayal of black hoods.
Chronologically, between the capture of Kiev and the march on Novgorod, the chronicle puts the story of the collision of Novgorod with the Suzdalians in Zavolochye, the victory in which went to Novgorod.
In the winter of 1170, Mstislav Andreevich, Roman and Mstislav Rostislavichi, Vseslav Vasilkovich Polotsky, Ryazan and Murom regiments arrived at Novgorod [1] . Novgorodians built a prison around the city.
On the 4th day of the siege, February 25, the assault was undertaken, which lasted all day. By evening, Roman and Novgorod won the Suzdalians and their allies (probably having beaten off assaults and undertook a sortie ). Novgorod captured so many Suzdalians that they sold them for a pittance (2 legs each ).
However, soon there was a famine in Novgorod, and the Novgorodians preferred to make peace with Andrei in full swing and invited Ryurik Rostislavich to reign, and a year later Yury Andreevich .
In folklore
Already in the three churches of Novgorod on three icons cried Presby. Mother of God: she foresaw the disaster that gathered over Novgorod and his land ... on the night of Tuesday and Wednesday of the second week of fasting - as the legend says - the Novgorod archbishop John prayed before the image of the Savior and heard a voice from the icon: the icon of the Most Holy Theotokos and lift it on the visor ... and she will save Novgorod. " The next day, John and the Novgorodians lifted the icon onto the wall at the Zagorodny end between Dobrynina and Prusskaya streets. A cloud of arrows fell on him; the icon turned back; Tears flowed from her eyes and fell on the bishop's felony ... The legend of the deliverance of Novgorod was important for future times, supporting Novgorod's moral force to fight it with the princes of Suzdal. Subsequently, she even accepted the common ecclesiastical significance in all of Russia: the icon, which attributed the miraculous deliverance of Novgorod from Andrew’s ratification, became, under the name of Znamenskaya, one of the first-class icons of the Mother of God, respected by all of Russia. The holiday in honor of her was established by Novgorod on November 27; This holiday is still observed by the Orthodox Russian Church. [2]
See also
- Battle of Novgorod with the Suzdalians
- The capture of Kiev (1169)
- Siege of Vyshgorod (1170)
- Siege of Vyshgorod (1173)