Konstantin Konstantinovich Gaines ( September 2, 1831 - not earlier than 1905) was a retired major general [1] of the artillery of the Russian army , a participant in the Caucasian wars and the Akhal-Tekinsk expedition [2] , a writer (in particular, he described campaigns in which he personally participated) [ 3] [4] .
| Konstantin Konstantinovich Gaines | |||||||||
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| Date of Birth | |||||||||
| Date of death | |||||||||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire | ||||||||
| Type of army | artillery | ||||||||
| Rank |  major general | ||||||||
| Commanded | 3rd Battery of the 20th Artillery Brigade | ||||||||
| Battles / Wars | Caucasian war , Akhal-Tekine Expedition | ||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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| Connections | father - Konstantin Gaines brothers - Alexander , Vladimir | ||||||||
Content
Biography
Constantine Gaines was born on September 2, 1831. Occurred from the nobility of the province of Estland . Orthodox religion. The son of a retired Major General Konstantin Karlovich Heins and Aristei Konstantinovna (Greek women from the aristocratic family of Kominari-Korezo) [1] .
In the officer rank from June 17, 1854. September 23, 1856 received the rank of second lieutenant , and the following year took part in the hostilities in the Caucasus . August 28, 1858 awarded the rank of lieutenant . From October 1862 to November 1864, as part of the Pshekhsky detachment, Gaines took part in the final stage of the Caucasian War . During the last campaign on November 23, 1863, “For Military Differences”, he was awarded the rank of staff captain , and at the end of the war in 1865 he was awarded the Order of St. Stanislav of the 3rd degree with swords and bow. August 29, 1867 awarded the rank of captain , and August 30, 1870 promoted to lieutenant colonel . On December 9, 1877, he assumed the position of commander of the battery (as of 1878, the 4th battery of the 19th artillery brigade [5] ). On January 1 of the following year, the rank of colonel was conferred. After that, Gaines took part in the Akhal-Teke expedition of 1880-1881 . After the death of Geok-Tepe during the siege in battle with the Tekinians on December 28, 1880, the artillery commander of the right-flank trench, Lieutenant Colonel Mamatsev , Gaines was appointed in his place [6] [7] . For that expedition, Gaines was awarded a medal, orders and a golden saber "For Bravery" [8] . Later he commanded the 3rd battery of the 20th artillery brigade [2] (until 1890). As of 1905, a retired major general [1] .
Awards
- domestic
- Order of St. Stanislav 3rdArt. with swords and bow (1865)
- Order of St. Stanislav 2nd Art. (1874)
- Order of St. Anne 2nd Art. with swords (1880)
- Order of St. Vladimir 4th Art. with bow [25 years old] (1880)
- golden saber "For courage" (1881)
- Order of St. Vladimir the 3rd Art. with swords (1882)
- foreign
- Order of the Lion and the Sun 2nd Art. (Persia; 1881)
Bibliography
- Pshekh squad: from October 1862 to November 1864 (Materials for the history of the conquest of the Western Caucasus) // Military collection . - SPb. , 1866. - № 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 . [9]
- Separate edition:
- Pshekhsky detachment: from October 1862 to November 1864 . - SPb. : Type of. Depart 1861. - 251 s.
- Also reissued "Military Collection" in 1884 (T. 8, [1] , [2] , [3] ).
- Essay on the combat life of the Akhal-Tekinsky detachment of 1880-1881. // Military collection. - SPb. , 1882. - № 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 . [10] [4]
- Separate edition:
- Essay on the combat life of the Akhal-Tekinsky detachment of 1880-1881. - SPb. : Type of. Depart 1882. - 84 p.
- Glorious Bayazet seat in 1877 // Russian antiquity . - SPb. , 1885. - V. 45 , no. 1-3 . [five]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Reinhardt N. V. From the History of the 60s: Unusual Personality (William Frey) // Science and Life / Ed. F. S. Gruzdeva. - SPb. : Type of. F. Faisberg and P. Gershunin, 1905. - T. 1, Separate. 1 . - p . 538 .
- ↑ 1 2 List of Colonels by seniority. - Compiled on May 1, 1889 . - SPb. : Military type., 1889. - p. 117.
- ↑ Gaines, Konstantin Konstantinovich . Electronic catalog . On the official website of the RSL .
- ↑ 1 2 Team The history of pre-revolutionary Russia in diaries and memoirs: in 5 volumes (13 parts) / Ed. P.A. Zayonchkovsky , responsible. L.N. Podug. - M .: Book, 1976. - Vol. 3, Part 2 (1857-1894). - p. 184, № 3431.
- ↑ 1 2 Rings Yu. V. Defense of Bayazet 1877 in documents and memoirs of contemporaries . - SPb. : SPbI RAS Nestor-History, 2006. - P. 12-14. - 118 s. - ISBN 5-98187-118-0 .
- Essay on the military life of the Akhal-Tekinsky detachment of 1880-1881. . - SPb. , 1882. - p. 33.
- ↑ Kadyrov Sh. H. Tsarist Russia II - Turkmenistan Digest (Not available link) . Online CICAC IW RAS “Central Eurasia” . The date of circulation is January 7, 2015. Archived January 7, 2015.
- ↑ E. Ismailov. Golden weapon with the inscription "For courage". Cavalier lists 1788 - 1913. - M., 2007, p. 341
- Systematic index of the Military collection for 1858-1890. // Military collection , Annex to number 12. - SPb. : Type of. Depart 1851. - p. 75, № 277 . Archived January 7, 2015.
- Systematic index of the Military collection for 1858-1890. // Military collection, Appendix to number 12. - 1891. - p. 98, № 599 .
Literature
- The list of colonels by seniority. - Compiled on May 1, 1889 . - SPb. : Military type., 1889. - p. 117.