The estate of the Shakhovsky - Krasilshchikova is a Moscow estate, erected in 1820 at the initiative of the Shakhovsky family. In 1867, the building was rebuilt in the classicism style, designed by architect Alexander Kaminsky . In 1930, the Literary Museum at the Vladimir Lenin All-Union Library was opened at the estate; in 1950, the Mikhail Kalinin Museum was organized instead. Since 2003, the building has been the Center for Oriental Literature at the RSL [1] .
| Building | |||
| Manor of Shakhovsky - Krasilshchikova | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Manor in 2017
| |||
| A country |  Russia | ||
| Location | Moscow , Mokhovaya street , house 6 | ||
| Architectural style | Classicism | ||
| Project Author | Alexander Kaminsky , Simon Eybushitz | ||
| Construction | 1820 | ||
| Status | Protected by the state | ||
| condition | Is used | ||
History
The first records of the estate date back to the 18th century , when the estate was acquired by the teacher of Peter I, Prince Nikita Zotov . Subsequently, the estate was transferred to his grandson Nikita, who, in turn, sold it to Prince Fyodor Golitsyn . In 1757, the plot for 1800 rubles was bought by the wife of a state adviser Anna Eichler, and many outbuildings were erected on her territory. From the Eichler family, ownership passed to Prince Pavel Shakhovsky, on whose initiative the main building of the estate was rebuilt [2] .
In 1867 the estate was divided into three parts: house number 2 on the corner of Mokhovaya and Znamenka , house number 4 on Znamenka, house number 6 on Mokhovaya. The Shakhovskys sold the first two parts of their estate, and the abandoned house number 6 in the same 1867 was bought by the director of the partnership of the Kupavinsky cloth factory Ivan Baklanov. The following year, he invited the architect Alexander Kaminsky to combine the house with the neighboring wings in a single architectural ensemble in the style of classicism. At that time, Kaminsky’s projects were characterized by the use of neo - Greek style elements, so the facade of the Shukhovskys was decorated with a four- column portico , a mezzanine and columns of an ionic order , which gave the building a resemblance to the Erechtheion temple in Athens [2] [3] [4] . In 1886, the estate was rebuilt for the second time according to the project of the architect Semyon Eybushitts [5] .
In 1892, house number 6 was bought by the Irkutsk merchant, Yulia Bazanova . By 1906, Bazanova’s financial situation worsened and she was forced to sell the building to the manufactory-adviser Nikolai Krasilshchikov [2] .
After the 1917 revolution, the mansion was nationalized . Subsequently, a dormitory was set up in the premises for the business travelers of the textile mill. In the 1930s, the Literary Museum at the Vladimir Lenin All-Union Library was opened in the building, and in 1950, the Mikhail Kalinin Museum took its place [2] . The exposition occupied about 11 halls and totaled more than 32,000 storage units [1] .
By the arrival of US President Richard Nixon in 1972, neighboring houses No. 2 and No. 4 were demolished, and the unofficial name “Nixon Lawn” was assigned to the cleared space [2] . According to urban legend, Leonid Brezhnev issued a decree on the demolition of buildings so that Nixon leaving the Kremlin could examine Pashkov’s house [6] .
In 1995, the estate was again transferred to the RSL, which repaired the building and opened an Oriental Literature Center in it [7] [8] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Romanyuk, 2013 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Irina Levina. The estate of Shakhovsky-Krasilshchikova . Get to know Moscow. Date of treatment January 21, 2019.
- ↑ Mokhovaya street . My Moscow. Date of treatment January 21, 2019.
- ↑ Blokhina, 2014 .
- ↑ Alexander Vaskin. Manor on Mokhovaya: two centuries of history and culture . Moscow (May 2017). Date of treatment January 21, 2019.
- ↑ Nixon's Lawn . Mosprogulka. Date of treatment January 24, 2019.
- ↑ Vostryshev, 2011 .
- ↑ Manor of Shakhovsky - Krasilshchikova . Localway. Date of treatment January 21, 2019.
Literature
- Blokhina I. Architecture. World history of architecture and styles. - Moscow: AST, 2014 .-- 400 p. - ISBN 978-5-17-085217-8 . - ISBN 978-5-17-085216-1 .
- Vostryshev M., Shokarev S. All Moscow from A to Z. Encyclopedia. - Moscow: Algorithm, 2011 .-- ISBN 978-5-4320-0001-9 .
- Romanyuk S. Heart of Moscow. From the Kremlin to the White City. - Moscow: Centerpolygraph, 2013 .-- 912 p. - ISBN 978-5-227-04778-6 .