Cavalry General

The military rank of a number of European armies. First appeared in the imperial army at the beginning of the Thirty Years War .

In 1620, Count Buquois ceded the position of lieutenant general (in the imperial army she was superior to the position of field marshal ) to the Spanish general A. Spinole and, in compensation, was named colonel general of the cavalry. Shortly after his death, in 1622, Balthazar Marradas was appointed the new colonel-general of the cavalry.

In 1633, O. Piccolomini and Schaffgoch became generals of the cavalry of the imperial army. The rank of cavalry general in the imperial army became regular.

Later the title appeared in other European countries ( Saxony , Bavaria , Palatinate , Prussia , as well as Sweden , Denmark , the Netherlands ).

Sweden

During the years of the Northern War, the rank of cavalry general in the army of Charles XII was worn by:

• 1698 - O. Welling (1649–1708)
• 1698 - N. Jüllenstern (1648-1720) - Field Marshal since 1709.
• 1702 - Frederick IV Holstein-Gottorp (1671–1702) - died in the Battle of Kliszow
• 1703 - K. G. Renschild (1651–1722) - Field Marshal since 1706.
• 1704 - J. Spence (1656–1721)
• 1711 - C. Mörner (1658–1721) - Field Marshal since 1717.
• 1713 - J.V. Daldorf (1665-1715) - mortally wounded during the defense of about. Rugen
• 1713 - C. G. Duker (1663–1732)
• 1716 - K. G. ernescheld (1669-1742) - since 1719 field marshal .

Returning from Russian captivity after the Poltava defeat, K. G. Kruse and K. G. Kreutz in 1722 received the rank of cavalry general.

Germany

General from the cavalry ( German: General der Kavallerie ) - the military rank of the general staff in the Armed Forces of Germany ( Wehrmacht ).

In the Wehrmacht, the rank of general from the cavalry was in seniority between lieutenant general and colonel general .

He received the rank of cavalry general Leo Geir von Schweppenburg in 1940 during the attack on the USSR in 1941, he commanded the 24th motorized corps and became known as the general of the tank troops.

It is more correct to call this rank “ general of the kind of troops ”, because it was equated with the ranks , that is, the military rank of a certain military post:

Heer

• Artillery General ( German: General der Artillerier )
• General from Infantry ( German: General der Infantrie )
• General of the Mountain Forces ( German: General der Gebirgstruppe )
• General from the cavalry ( German: General der Kavallerie )
• General of the Signal Corps ( German: General der Nachrichtentruppe )
• General of Engineering Troops ( German: General der Pioniertruppe )
• General ober headquarters ( German: Generaloberstabsarzt )

Luftwaffe

• General of the parachute troops ( German: General der Fallschirmtruppe )
• General anti-aircraft troops ( German: General der Flakartillerie )
• General of Aviation ( German: General der Flieger )
• General of the Aviation Communications Forces ( German: General der Luftnachrichtentruppe )
• General Luftwaffe ( German: General der Luftwaffe )

Under Peter I

Introduced by Peter I as the highest rank of general in the cavalry as a branch of the Russian army . This rank had:

• A. D. Menshikov (1705) - since the summer of 1706 he commanded the entire Russian cavalry, since 1709, Field Marshal
• K. E. Renne (1709) - died December 29, 1716.
• R.H. Baur (1717, died the same year)
• I. B. Weisbach (1725) - he died in 1735 by the General-General ^[1] .

In 1717, the Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg, Friedrich Yakov (father of the future Russian field marshal ) wanted to join the Russian service as a general over the entire cavalry, but Peter I did not express his consent. He also denied him the delivery of the duchy of Courland (which the landgrave had the appearance of as the closest relative of the duke Ferdinand ^[2] ).

The rank of general from the cavalry entered the Table of Ranks of 1722, but was not used shortly after the death of Peter I and was replaced by the general rank of general-general . After the cavalry general I. B. Weisbach became known as the general-general , the story of the Peter's rank ended.

Since 1796

It was re-introduced on November 29, 1796 by Emperor Paul I instead of the rank of general-general (along with the ranks of the general for infantry and the general for artillery ). Corresponded to class II of the Table of Ranks with the appeal "Your Excellency."

The cavalry general could be the inspector general of the cavalry, commander of the troops of the military district , lead a large military unit ( corps ) or association ( army , front).

In the territory of the Petrograd Military District, the rank ceased to exist on December 3 ( 16 ), 1917 on the basis of an order in the district ^[3] .

In army units on the rest of the territory of the Russian Republic, controlled by the Council of People's Commissars , it ceased to exist on December 17 ( 30 ), 1917 - the date of entry into force of the Decree on the Equation of All Military Personnel in Rights adopted by the Council of People's Commissars ^[4] .

Cavalry Generals List

Before the name is the year of production in the rank, after the name is the years of life. The list includes cavalry generals, who were subsequently assigned the higher rank of Field Marshal .

• Воинское звание
• История воинских званий в России и СССР
• Генерал от инфантерии
• Генерал от артиллерии
• Инженер-генерал

• Залесский К. А. Первая мировая война. Правители и военачальники. Биографический энциклопедический словарь. 2000.

• The Russian army in the Great War: A card index of formations .
• Generals of the Russian imperial army and navy .