Abadiev, Japanese Arskvich

Before the war

Born in 1906 in the village of Nasyr-Kort (now Nasyr-Kortsky Autonomous Okrug , the city of Nazran ). Ingush by nationality. The name "Japanese" ("Japanese") was given to Abadiyev in honor of the Japanese nationality. There are known examples of the Ingush censuring their children with names that are consonant with the ethnonyms of peoples who fought with them and distinguished themselves, in their opinion, with worthy resistance and courage (the Ingush have such names as “Germanz”, “Turk”, “Arabi”, “Japanese” and etc.). Japanese Abadiev is one such example. He was born during the Russo-Japanese War , in which the Ingush also took a direct part ^[1] .

He began his service in the Red Army in 1924, enrolling in the North Caucasian Cavalry School of Mountainous Nationalities named after Budenny. A cadet participated in the elimination of kulak gangs. In 1930, after graduating from the cavalry school, he was appointed commander of the Ingush cavalry squadron , which was deployed in the city of Vladikavkaz ^[1] . In the same year, on the proposal of the commander of the 28th Infantry Division A. D. Kazitsky, which included the aforementioned squadron, the Ingush Oblast Executive Committee, Yaponets Abadiev was awarded with the registered weapon - the Mauser , on which the inscription was engraved: “Mairacha galgay epsar Abadiev Yaponitsyna” ( “ To the brave Ingush officer Abadiev the Japanese ” ) ^[2] . In 1938 he joined the CPSU (b) . From March 27 to October 2, 1939 he was the chief of staff of the 39th cavalry regiment of the Separate Cavalry Brigade of mountainous nationalities . In 1940, Major Abadiev served as deputy commander of the 107th Cavalry Cossack Regiment of the 12th Cavalry Division near Armavir ^[3] .

During the Great Patriotic War

On the fronts of World War II, the Japanese Abadiev from June 27, 1941. He was appointed deputy commander of the 117th heavy tank regiment, stationed near Smolensk , who was then systematically subjected to enemy bombing ^[4] . In July, he was appointed commander of the 126th Regiment of the 28th Cavalry Division, newly formed in the city of Pavlograd ^[5] .

On August 16, 1941, the commander of the 6th Army, General Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky, set the task for Abadiev: to reach the area of Sursk-Litovsk by six in the morning and push the enemy to the Dnieper with a right flank attack. On August 19, a regiment under the command of Abadiev was the first to attack the enemy. The cavalrymen destroyed two enemy companies and completely liberated the village. Later, from August 20 to 23, Abadiev skillfully organized a reflection of the tank attack. The regiment took over the main fire, and thereby ensured the division's exit from the battle. The operation has been completed. In October 1941, Abadiev was wounded in the head, but remained in command of the regiment ^[6] . November 5, 1941 was awarded the Order of the Red Banner ^[7] .

255th Separate Chechen-Ingush Cavalry Regiment

In March 1942, the Japanese Abadiev was appointed commander of the newly formed 255th separate Chechen-Ingush cavalry regiment ^[8] . In his memoirs, “From the Terek to the Elbe,” Hero of the Soviet Union Mavlid Visaitov wrote ^[9] :

115th Kabardino-Balkarian Cavalry Division

In May 1942, the Japanese Abadiev was appointed commander of the 297th, and in July the 278th regiment of the 115th Kabardino-Balkarian cavalry division . Since July 1942, in connection with the breakthrough of Nazi troops on the southern wing of the front, the 115th Cavalry Division participated in battles to repel an offensive in the direction of the North Caucasus and Stalingrad and in heavy battles between the Don and Volga rivers ^[10] . On June 12, the division was alerted. An order was received: to oppose the 4th Panzer Army of the Germans. Cavalrymen attacked the tanks. In this battle, the division suffered huge losses. Abadiev himself later recalled ^[11] :

On July 30, the left-flank units of the 51st Army, which included the 115th Cavalry Division, were ordered to launch a counterattack in the direction of Nikolaev , Konstantinovskaya . On the evening of July 29, the 115th Cavalry Division took up the starting position for the offensive in the area of ​​Bolshaya and Malaya Martynovka, however German tank troops attacked earlier. Having burst into Bolshaya Martynovka, they crushed the units and headquarters of Major General B. A. Pogrebov , who was entrusted with the leadership of a group of troops in this operation, and thereby beheaded the command of troops that had not yet had time to go on the offensive. But, despite this, the 115th cavalry division, together with the 302nd rifle division, fulfilling the assigned task, attacked the tank army of the Nazi invaders. The fight lasted all day. The cavalrymen of Abadiev and soldiers of other regiments fought to the last. But the German troops still managed to break through the front of the defense in the Tsimlyansk region, at the junction between the 91st and 157th rifle divisions ^[12] .

Carrying out command of the regiments, Abadiev proved himself to be an excellent military leader and a brave soldier in all military operations in which his division took part from May to October 1942. The report of the command of the Military Council of the 51st Army gave such an assessment of the 115th Cavalry Division and its commanding staff ^[13] :

During the fierce summer battles of 1942, the 115th cavalry division was almost completely destroyed - about 4 thousand soldiers were killed. In one of the battles, regiment commander Y. Abadiev was seriously wounded and remained lying under fire on the battlefield. His horse, clutching his belt and clothes with his teeth, shouldered his rider and carried him out of the battlefield, thereby saving his life ^[1] . On October 19, 1942, due to heavy losses, the division was disbanded, and from the remaining units the anti-tank fighter and separate reconnaissance divisions were formed, which were transferred to the 4th Cavalry Corps ^[10] . The commander of the regiment, the Japanese Abadiev, was in the hospital. After recovering, he entered the service in reserve units, from where he was sent to short-term courses of the Military Academy named after M.V. Frunze , after finishing whom he briefly taught at the Arzamas Higher Officer Staff School, and then again arrived at the front. In 1943, near Stalingrad, at an altitude of 220 near the Khoper River , at a command post where a meeting was held on reconnaissance of the terrain for delivering an unexpected attack on the German invaders, Lieutenant General K.K. Rokossovsky announced that they had been given a report on the assignment of the Hero title Soviet Union Lieutenant Colonel Abadiev Japanese Arskvich ^[11] .

According to the official version of the leadership of Ingushetia , as well as the testimony of WWII veteran Major Imagozhev Alaudin Albastovich, who also took part in battles on the outskirts of the Caucasus and Stalingrad, Yaponets Abadiev twice presented himself with the rank of Hero of the Soviet Union: in 1942 (during and after the difficult summer autumn battles) and in 1943. However, this award was never presented to him ^[14] .

After the war

On February 23, 1944, the Abadiev family was deported ^[1] , and the Japanese Abadiev was recalled from the front and sent to Chkalov as the commander of the reserve regiment. Then he was appointed deputy commander of the 28th reserve regiment, which was deployed in Bashkiria ^[11] .

After the end of World War II, he served as deputy battalion commander in the city of Gorky , then commander of the construction battalions deployed in Vladimir , Ryazan , Moscow , Berezniki and Kuibyshev . In Kuibyshev, he buried his mother and remained there until the beginning of the 80s ^{[11] [6]} .

In the mid-50s, Abadiev resigned as a lieutenant colonel ^[3] . After retiring, he conducted active military-patriotic work among young people and delivered lectures for students ^[2] .

The Japanese Abadiev died in 1985 in Nazran ^[6] .

• Order of Lenin (awarded after Abadiev’s death to his relatives) ^{[5] [15]} ;
• two orders of the Red Banner (the first - November 5, 1941 ^[16] ) ^{[5] [7]} ;
• Order of the Patriotic War I degree (December 23, 1985) ^{[17] [18]} ;
• medals ^[6] .

At the memorial cemetery of the Mamaev Kurgan in Volgograd , 7 memorial plates with the names of 84 Ingush soldiers who defended Stalingrad were installed. This list is headed by Japanese Abadiev ^[19] .

In February 2012, an agreement was reached between the leadership of the Department of Cultural Heritage of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation , the Battle of Stalingrad Museum-Reserve and the leadership of the Republic of Ingushetia on the establishment of a memorial plate on the Mamaev Kurgan with the name of Japanese Arskievich Abadiev ^[20] .

• Abadiev B. Faith and Truth (Russian) // Newspaper "Serdalo" . - March 21, 2007. - No. 39 (9806) . Archived February 17, 2015.
• Visaitov M.A. From Terek to Elba. Memoirs of the former commander of the guards regiment about the military route during the Great Patriotic War. - Grozny: Chechen-Ingush Book Publishing House, 1966. - P. 30. - 128 p.
• Gagiev G.A. Life goes on (Russian) // Newspaper "The Way of Lenin". - March 26, 1968. - No. 37 (808) . Archived July 6, 2015.
• Grechko A.A. The battle for the Caucasus. Part 1. Defense. Chapter 1. Fights in the Don and Kuban steppes. - Moscow: Military Publishing House, 1967.
• Drobotov A. The Ingush delegation arrived in Volgograd to participate in the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Stalingrad (Russian) // Newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda" . - February 2, 2013.
• Zakhokhov Yu.Kh., Zakhokhov Z.Yu. Kabardino-Balkars - the heroes of the battle for Stalingrad (Rus.) // Materials of the international scientific-practical conference “Archival business in the Volgograd region. 1923-2013. " - 2013. Archived on October 1, 2015.
• The editors of the newspaper "Voice of Nazran". Ingush in the Great Patriotic War (rus.) // City political newspaper “Voice of Nazran”. - May 8, 2013 .-- No. 15 (118) . Archived on October 5, 2015.
• Sagov M.Z., Oligova Z.I., Malsagova A.Kh., Uzhakhov A.Kh., Pogorova A.A. Ingush - defenders of Stalingrad (Russian) // Materials of the international scientific-practical conference “Archival business in the Volgograd region. 1923-2013. " - 2013. Archived on October 1, 2015.
• Chakhkiev Yu. Iz halka vitslurgvats ( ingush .) // Newspaper "Serdalo" . - March 30, 1968. - No. 37 (9412) . Archived July 6, 2015.

• Abadiev Yapants Arskvich (neopr.) (Unavailable link) . Virtual Museum of Ingushetia at museumri.org. Date of treatment September 27, 2015. Archived July 6, 2015.
• Official website of the Republic of Ingushetia (Russian) . A memorial plate will be installed on the Mamaev Kurgan, on which the names of the participants of the Battle of Stalingrad from Ingushetia will be immortalized . Ingushetia.ru (2012.03.13). Date of appeal September 27, 2015.

• Reliance of the Russian state. The Ingush Cossacks revive the heroic spirit (Russian) (inaccessible link) . "K.G.B.-Inform." Date of treatment September 27, 2015. Archived September 28, 2015.
• “Caucasians in the wars of Russia. Part 3 "- YouTube Documentary