Marta Lyudvigovna Nobel-Oleinikova (1881–1973) - doctor, philanthropist, public figure.
| Marta Ludvigovna Nobel-Oleinikova | |
|---|---|
| Swede. Marta Helena Nobel-Oleinikoff | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | St. Petersburg , Russian Empire |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| Citizenship |  Russian empire |
| Occupation | |
| Father | L. E. Nobel |
| Mother | Edla Constantia Collin Nobel (1848–1921) |
| Spouse | Georgy Pavlovich Oleynikov |
Content
Biography
She was born in the family of engineer and entrepreneur Ludwig Nobel (1831–1888), the elder brother of the famous founder of the Nobel Prize, Alfred Nobel .
She graduated from the Women's Medical Institute in St. Petersburg, worked as an assistant in the faculty surgical clinic, built on her own donations (200 thousand rubles), then managed one of the first Russian x-ray clinic offices . Her professional interests were related to traumatology; She developed her own progressive technique of constant extension (Nobel-Oleinikova technique). During the First World War , mud therapy was widely used in the clinic. Before marriage, she lived in family house No. 15 on Sampsonievskaya Embankment [1] .
In 1905 she married a doctor, a specialist in infectious diseases, privat-docent G. P. Oleinikov (1864-1937).
For 15 years, she worked as a charity worker for the Nobel Brothers Association (improving the living conditions of workers and employees, organizing schools, shelters, hospitals, sanatoriums).
... Uncle Lelia poisonously mocked the blue books, with the help of which Martha Nobel feeds the workers who were dismissed by Ludwig and Gustav Nobel ... "Truly, the right hand does not know what the left is doing!"
- Uspensky L.V. Notes of the old Petersburger. - L .: Lenizdat, 1970.
For the Women's Medical Institute in 1907, an eye clinic with 40 beds was built and equipped for its funds; in 1912, a faculty surgical clinic for 50 beds was built (a memorial plaque was installed at the First St. Petersburg State Medical University [2] , which informs that “the building was built in 1910–1912 by the architect G. Nostrem on the initiative and with the funds of Marta Lyudvigovna Nobel-Oleynikova "). On her donations, scholarships were established for “insufficient listeners”, a laboratory was arranged and models for the clinic of throat and ear diseases were acquired. Nobel-Oleinikova arranged and maintained a colony "for weak children" of the workers of the Ludwig Nobel plant.
For charitable and social activities was presented to the Order of the Holy Equal Princess Apostle Olga , 3rd degree. In 1914, on her initiative, Emanuel Nobel’s People’s House ( Lesnoy Ave. , 19) established an infirmary for the wounded for 180 places, where she worked as a senior doctor.
In 1917, Martha and her family, as usual, left for the summer to the Ala-Kirola estate (Nizhnyaya Kiryola, now the village of Landyshevka in the Leningrad Region), which after the revolution turned out to be in independent Finland . During the Winter War, along with her grandchildren ( Peter Nobel-Oleynikov ), she left the estate and moved to Sweden . In 1940 she was awarded the Finnish medal "For the Winter War."
Notes
Literature
- Meshkunov VS Nobel-Oleynikova - a woman doctor in Russia // Nobelistics. Naukovedenie. Computer science. Materials of international conferences. - Tambov: Ed. TSU them. G. R. Derzhavina and Mints, 1999.