The Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith or the Congregation of the Faith ( Latin Congregatio pro Doctrina Fidei ) is the oldest and most important of the nine Congregations of the Roman Curia , which is responsible for overseeing the orthodoxy and purity of the doctrine and morality preached in the Roman Catholic Church . The apostolic constitution of John Paul II Pastor Bonus of June 28, 1988 states: The duty, proper for the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith, is to promote and safeguard the doctrine of faith and morality throughout the Catholic world: for this reason, anything that relates in any way to such questions of faith, is within its competence.
The congregation is headed by the Prefect Cardinal Luis Ladaria Ferrer , and the Secretary is Archbishop Giacomo Morandi .
Content
Names of the Diksteria
- Supreme Holy Congregation of the Roman and Ecumenical Inquisition ( 1542 - 1908 );
- Supreme Holy Congregation of the Holy Office ( 1908 - 1965 );
- The Holy Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith ( 1965 - 1983 );
- Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith (since 1983 );
History
The origins of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith go back to the Commission of Cardinals formed by Paul III on July 21, 1542 ( bull Licet ab initio ) to monitor the purity of the creed before spreading the ideas of the Reformation and Protestantism . Pope Sixtus V by the apostolic constitution of Immensa Aeterni Dei of January 22, 1588 gave it the status of the Roman Congregation , subordinating it directly to the pope. It was called the Supreme Holy Congregation of the Roman and Ecumenical Inquisition ( Latin Suprema Sacra Congregatio pro Romana et Universalis Inquisitionis ), which was responsible for the study of heresy , schism and crimes against morality (the Inquisition ). Despite the name "ecumenical", in fact, its jurisdiction extended only to the papal state .
Pope Pius X transformed it into the Supreme Holy Congregation of the Holy Office ( Latin Suprema Sacra Congregatio pro Sancti Officii ) on June 29, 1908 with the apostolic constitution , entrusting it with the function of monitoring the orthodoxy of the creed of the Church, and since 1917, also compiling the Index of Prohibited books (until 1917 a special Congregation of the Index was engaged in this).
The next reorganization was carried out by Pope Paul VI ( motu proprio of December 7, 1965 Integrae servandae ) in the light of the decisions of the Second Vatican Council. The congregation was deprived of privileged status (lost the name "supreme"), and it was headed by a cardinal prefect (and not dad, as it was before). Then she got a modern name.
Composition of the Congregation
The congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith includes a special commission on the treatment of divorces based on the principle of favoring the faith, the Pontifical Bible Commission (since 1971 ) and the International Theological Commission (since 1969 ).
The congregation consists of:
- Prefect;
- Secretary
- Deputy Secretary;
- Congregation State: 33 members;
- Members: 30 cardinals , archbishops and bishops ;
- Advisers: 28 members.
Current composition of the Congregation
Currently, in addition to the prefect, the Congregation consists of 19 cardinals, 6 archbishops and 1 bishop, who are appointed by the Pope for a five-year term. Members of the Congregation currently:
Cardinals
- George Alencherry ; [one]
- John Olorunfemi Oneyekan ;
- Pietro Parolin ;
- Ricardo Blazquez Perez ;
- Angelo Skola ; [2]
- Peter Kodvo Appiah Turkson ;
- Kurt Koch ;
- Mark Walle PSS ;
- Fernando Filoni ; [one]
- Francesco Kokkopalmerio ; [one]
- Donald Wurl ; [2]
- Christoph Schonborn OP ;
- Crescenzo Cepe ;
- Jean-Pierre Ricard ;
- Antonio CaΓ±izares Llover ;
- Leonardo Sandry .
Archbishops
- Anthony Colin Fisher ;
- Valmore Oliveira de AguΓ©vedo;
- Charles Schikluna;
- Roland Minnerat;
- Salvatore Fisichella ;
- Stanislav Gondetsky.
Bishops
- Rudolf Woderholzer .
- 28 consultants.
Heads of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
Grand Inquisitors
- Gianpietro Caraffa - ( 1542 - 1555 - before being elected pope);
- Antonio Michele Gislieri - ( 1558 - 1566 - before being elected pope);
- Diego de Espinosa - ( 1566 - 1572 - until his death);
- Shipone Rebiba - ( 1573 - 1577 - until his death);
- Giacomo Savelli - ( 1577 - 1586 - resigned due to illness);
- Giulio Antonio Santori - ( 1586 - 1602 - until his death);
Secretaries
- Camillo Borghese - ( 1602 - May 16, 1605 - until his election as pope);
- Pompeio Arrigoni - ( 1605 - April 4, 1616 - until his death);
- Giovanni Garzia Millini - ( 1616 - October 2, 1629 - until his death);
- Antonio Barberini Sr. , Capuchin - (1629 - October 3, 1633 - resigned);
- Francesco Barberini Sr. - ( 1633 - December 10, 1679 - until his death);
- Cesare Fakkinetti - ( 1679 - January 30, 1683 - until his death);
- Alderano Cibo - ( 1683 - July 22, 1700 - until his death);
- Galeazzo Marescotti - ( 1700 - 1716 - resigned);
- Fabrizio Spada - ( 1716 - June 15, 1717 - until his death);
- Niccolo Achchayoli - (June 15, 1717 - February 23, 1719 - until his death);
- Francesco del Giudice - ( 1719 - October 10, 1725 - until his death);
- Fabrizio Paolucci - (November 19, 1725 - June 12, 1726 - until his death);
- Pietro Ottoboni - ( June 14, 1726 - February 29, 1740 - until his death);
- Tommaso Ruffo - (August 29, 1740 - February 16, 1753 - until his death);
- Neri Maria Corsini - ( February 26, 1753 - December 6, 1770 - until her death);
- Giovanni Francesco Stoppani - ( December 12, 1770 - November 18, 1774 - until his death);
- Luigi Maria Torrejani - ( February 22, 1775 - January 6, 1777 - until her death);
- Carlo Rezzonico Jr. - ( January 17, 1777 - January 26, 1799 - until his death);
- Leonardo Antonelli - (November 8, 1800 - January 23, 1811 - until his death);
- Lorenzo Litta (January 23, 1811 - May 20, 1814 - resigned);
- Giulio Maria della Somaglia - (May 20, 1814 - April 2, 1830 - until her death);
- Bartolomeo Pakka - (April 5, 1830 - April 19, 1844 - until his death);
- Vincenzo Mackey - ( April 25, 1844 - September 30, 1860 - until his death);
- Konstantino Patrici Naro - ( October 10, 1860 - December 17, 1876 - until his death);
- Prospero Katerini - ( December 21, 1876 - October 28, 1881 - until his death);
- Antonio Maria Panebyanko , Franciscan Conventual - ( March 30, 1882 - January 25, 1883 - resigned due to a serious illness);
- Luigi Maria Billo , Barnabit - ( January 25, 1883 - January 30, 1884 - until his death);
- Raffaele Monaco La Valletta - ( February 15, 1884 - July 14, 1896 - until his death);
- Lucido Maria Parocchi - ( August 5, 1896 - January 15, 1903 - until her death);
- Serafino Vannutelli - ( January 16, 1903 - December 30, 1908 - resigned);
- Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro - ( December 30, 1908 - December 16, 1913 - until his death);
- Domenico Ferrata - ( January 2 - October 10, 1914 - until his death);
- Rafael Merry del Val - ( October 14, 1914 - February 26, 1930 - until his death);
- Donato Sbarretti - ( July 4, 1930 - April 1, 1939 - until his death);
- Francesco Marchetti Selvajani - ( April 30, 1939 - January 13, 1951 - until his death);
- Giuseppe Pizzardo - ( February 16, 1951 - October 12, 1959 - resigned).
- Subsequently, the prefect became the head of the diksteria.
Prefects
- Cardinal Alfredo Ottaviani - ( November 7, 1959 - January 6, 1968 ), first named secretary, while the prefect was always the pope, then the pro-prefect, then the prefect - resigned);
- Cardinal Franjo Scheper - ( January 8, 1968 - November 25, 1981 - resigned);
- Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger - ( November 25, 1981 - April 2, 2005 - until the death of John Paul II ) - from 2005 to 2013 Pope Benedict XVI ;
- Cardinal William Levada - ( May 13, 2005 - July 2, 2012 - resigned);
- Cardinal Gerhard Ludwig MΓΌller - ( July 2, 2012 - July 1, 2017 - they did not extend their powers);
- Cardinal Luis Francisco Ladaria Ferrer - ( July 1, 2017 - present).
Congregation Secretaries since 1965
- Archbishop Pietro Parente - ( December 7, 1965 - 1967 );
- Archbishop Paul-Pierre Philippe - ( June 29, 1967 - March 6, 1973 );
- Archbishop Jean-Jerome Amer - ( June 14, 1973 - April 8, 1984 );
- Archbishop Alberto Bovone - ( April 8, 1984 - June 13, 1995 );
- Archbishop Tarcisio Bertone - ( June 13, 1995 - December 10, 2002 );
- Archbishop Angelo Amato - ( December 19, 2002 - July 9, 2008 );
- Archbishop Luis Francisco Ladaria Ferrer - ( July 9, 2008 - July 1, 2017 );
- Archbishop Giacomo Morandi - ( July 18, 2017 - present).
See also
- Inquisition ;
- Index of banned books .
Links
Notes
- β 1 2 3 Nomina di Cardinali Membri dei Dicasteri e degli Organismi della Curia Romana (unavailable link) , Holy See Press Service: Daily Newsletter, April 21, 2012.
- β 1 2 Nomina di membro della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede (unavailable link) , Holy See Press Service: Daily Newsletter, April 21, 2012.