Vladimir Iosifovich Merkin ( 1914 - 1997 ) - Soviet nuclear engineer, scientist.
| Vladimir Iosifovich Merkin | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||
| Date of Birth | April 11 (24), 1914 | ||||||
| Place of Birth | Smolyany Mogilev province Russian empire | ||||||
| Date of death | April 25, 1997 (83 years old) | ||||||
| A country | |||||||
| Scientific field | nuclear engineering | ||||||
| Alma mater | Moscow Institute of Chemical Engineering (MIKHMASH) | ||||||
| Academic degree | Doctor of Technical Sciences | ||||||
| Awards and prizes |
  | ||||||
Content
Biography
Born on April 11 ( 24 ), 1914 in a small town Smolyany (now Orsha district (Vitebsk region) , Vitebsk region , Belarus ) in a poor Jewish family.
In 1939 he graduated from the Moscow Institute of Chemical Engineering (MIKHMASH) . He worked as an engineer in the GSPI-3 People's Commissariat of the Chemical Industry of the USSR. After the outbreak of the war, he was engaged in the creation of flamethrowers and smoke protection equipment for the fleet.
On May 28, 1944, the head of sector No. 6 in Laboratory No. 2, an employee of I.V. Kurchatov . The scientific theme is the study of methods for converging subcritical parts of a nuclear charge to carry out an explosive reaction with fast neutrons (1944–1946).
Since 1947, the chief technologist of the design of the industrial reactor "A" being developed at the NIIKhIM and Laboratory No. 2 for the production of plutonium.
In 1948-1949 he was the chief engineer of an industrial nuclear reactor under construction (Plant A at Combine No. 817, Chelyabinsk40; later Combine Mayak , Ozersk ). Under the most difficult conditions, plutonium was obtained in the amount necessary to create an atomic bomb.
From the beginning of 1949 he worked in LIPAN (future IAE and RRC KI). A participant in the creation of reactors for the nuclear industry and transport purposes, in particular for the nuclear icebreaker "Lenin" .
In 1956-1969 he led research on gas-cooled and high-temperature reactors.
In the last years of his life, he was the chief researcher at the Russian Science Center KI.
Doctor of Technical Sciences (1964).
Awards and Prizes
- Stalin Prize of the second degree (1942) - for the creation of an apparatus of defense significance
- Stalin Prize (1951)
- Stalin Prize (1953)
- USSR State Prize (1982)
- three orders of the Red Banner of Labor (1949, 1951, 1954)
- Order of Honor (1996)
- Medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus . "
Family
Wife - Anna Mikhailovna Merkina; daughter Irina (1946-1979).
Sources
- Outstanding MIHM in creating the country's nuclear shield. Boris Gorobets http://www.klaipeda1945.org/nashi-gosti/merkin-vladimir-iosifovich/
- LIFE ACCORDING TO THE MEASURES OF MERKIN [1]
- Peiko, A.N. Life by Merkin’s standards: [about the pioneer, the chief technologist of the project of the first industrial nuclear reactor Mayak, and then the first chief engineer of the nuclear reactor Vladimir Iosifovich Merkin (1914-1997)] / A.N. Peiko , V.V. Shidlovsky // Ozersky Bulletin. - 2008. - June 19.
- April 24 marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Iosifovich Merkin, an outstanding scientist, laureate of the Stalin and State Prizes of the USSR [2]