197th Guards Military Transport Aviation Regiment

Over the entire period of its existence, the regiment changed its name several times:

• 14th Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment (05/01/1940) ^[1] ;
• 14th long-range aviation regiment (03/06/1942) ^[1] ;
• The 11th Guards Aviation Regiment of Long-Range (03/26/1943) ^[1] , in the sources there is the name of the 11th Aviation Regiment of night hunters-blockers of long-range ;
• The 11th Guards Aviation Stalin Red Banner Long-Range Regiment (12/26/1944) ^[1] ;
• 11th Guards Bomber Aviation Stalin Red Banner Regiment (12/26/1944) ^[1] ;
• 197th Guards Bomber Aviation Stalin Red Banner Regiment (12/21/1945) ^[1] ;
• 197th Guards Transport Aviation Stalin Red Banner Regiment (04/27/1946) ^[1] ;
• 197th Guards Military Transport Aviation Stalin Red Banner Regiment (10/12/1955) ^[1] ;
• Military Unit ( Field Mail ) 82327 ^[2] .

Formed in May 1940 as the 14th heavy bomber aviation regiment ^[3] ( 14 Tbap ) on TB-7 aircraft with AM-35 ^[4] ( Pe-8 ) with a deployment of the city ​​and the Boryspil aerodrome of the Ukrainian SSR ^[5] .

With the beginning of the aggression of Germany and its allies against the USSR, the regiment took an active part in the hostilities against the aggressor. In early August 1941, tactical airborne assault forces were thrown several times from regimental TB-3s for operations in the enemy rear, in cooperation with partisan detachments , but most often, for tactical reasons, these aircraft were used as night bombers , contributing to the forces defending Kiev . Five crews of 14 Tbap on TB-3 in November - December 1941 and in early January 1942 delivered food to besieged Leningrad ^[6] .

On March 6, 1942 it was renamed the 14th long-range bomber aviation regiment .

For the courage and heroism of the personnel shown during the performance of combat missions during the Battle of Stalingrad , the air regiment was awarded the honorary title - "Guards", by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR , on March 25 ^[7] . March 26, 1943 received a new number of forces and renamed the 11th Guards Aviation Regiment of long-range ^[8] . In the period from June 1943 to April 1944, in the interests of partisans of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic , crews of 11th guards flew to landing sites prepared in the mountainous terrain of the Crimean peninsula . the upgrade of A. L. Moskalin and B. G. Kitaev to Li-2 ^[9] , as well as the crews of other aviation formations of the Red Army. Another source says that since January 1942, 5 TB-3 crews operated as part of Major Polikarpov’s special purpose transport air group, which until May 1942 made night sorties to supply Crimean partisans ^[6] .

Thanks to the order of the Higher Military Commission No. 117, dated June 25, 1944, gratitude was declared for breaking the German defenses covering the Mogilev area ^[10] .

For the differences in personnel shown during the execution of command assignments by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 30, 1944, 11 Guards. update was awarded the Order of the Red Banner ^[10] .

For courage and heroism of the personnel of the aviation regiment on December 26, 1944, by order of the USSR NCO No. 0137, dated May 27, 1944, it was awarded the honorary name "Stalin" and was named the 11th Red Banner Stalin Guards Bomber Aviation Regiment .

In connection with the demobilization of the USSR, on December 21, 1945 it was renamed the 197th Red Banner Guards Stalin Bomber Aviation Regiment .

In the army

As part of the army, the regiment was:

• as the 14th heavy bomber aviation regiment from June 22, 1941 to January 14, 1942 and from March 6, 1942 to March 26, 1943 ^[11] ;
• as the 11th Guards Long-Range Aviation Regiment from March 26, 1943 to December 26, 1944 ^[1] ;
• as the 11th Guards Bomber Aviation Regiment from December 26, 1944 to May 9, 1945 ^[1] .

On April 27, 1946, it was renamed the 197th Guards Red Banner Stalin Transport Aviation Regiment .

During the improvement of the USSR Armed Forces, on October 12, 1955, it was renamed the 197th Guards Red Banner Stalin Military Transport Aviation Regiment .

197 guards the stap was disbanded due to the aging of aircraft, rejuvenation of the flight crew and the development of the use of helicopters in the GSVG, directive of the Minister of Defense of the USSR in December 1971. The aircraft equipment was transferred to the army regiments and to the aircraft industry and in 1972 ^{[2] the} regiment ceased to exist.

The air regiment was part of the following formations:

• 18th Aviation Division or 18th Separate Long-Range Bomber Aviation Division (18 odbad), KOVO (August 1940 - July 1941));
• 22nd Aviation Division (May 1940 - August 1941);
• 62nd Long-Range Aviation Division (March 26, 1942 - September 18, 1943);
• Long Range Aviation (March 26, 1943 to December 26, 1944)
• 6th Long-Range Aviation Corps (May 20, 1943 to December 26, 1944)
• 9th Guards Long-Range Aviation Division (September 18, 1943 - December 26, 1944);
• 22nd Guards Bomber Aviation Donbass Division (December 26, 1944 - April 1946);
• 281st Transport Aviation Novgorod Red Banner Division (from April 1946 - September 1947);
• 16th Air Army (April 1946 - January 1949);
• 24th Air Army (January 1949 - April 1968), GSOVG → GSVG ;
• 61st Air Army (April 1968 - December 1971), GSVG.

Command Up :

Commander

• Glagolev, (from June 1941 - February 1943)
• B.V. Blinov , Major, Guard Lieutenant Colonel (October 30, 1941 - April 17, 1944)
• L. M. Pyatibokov , Guard Major (September 1944—)
• A.I. Mosolov , Hero of the Soviet Union , Guard Lieutenant Colonel (July 1944 - December 26, 1944 (March 1945))
• Solenov, Guard Colonel (October 1956)
• Sitkin Vladimir Timofeevich , guard colonel (1963)
• Grigoryev Konstantin Mikhailovich , guard colonel (1968-1971)

Deputy KP

• Presnyakov, guard lieutenant colonel (October 1956)

Senior Navigator

• Sexual Victor Pavlovich, Guard Lieutenant Colonel (1968-1971)

Below is the deployment of a military unit ( garrisons ( military camps ) and airfields) and the time period ^[12] :

• Borispol , Gogolev , USSR (1940-1941);
• Tartu , ESSR (from April 1946 - September 1947);
• Uterbog ( Altes-Lager ), Soviet Occupation Zone of Germany (1946-1947) ^[2] ;
• Straussberg , Soviet occupation zone of Germany (1947-1949) ^[2] ;
• Altenburg , GDR (1949-1952) ^[2] ;
• Brandis , GDR (1952-1953) ^[2] ;
• Schönefeld , GDR (1953-1954) ^[2] ;
• Trollenhagen , GDR (1954-1956) ^[2] ;
• Oranienburg GDR (1956-1972) ^[2] .

During the formation of the regiment , in May 1940, the 1st and 3rd squadrons (ae) were armed with TB-3 bombers , and 2 ae - TB-7 ( Pe-8) bombers ^[5] , 6 units. In the spring of 1940, the first three permanent air force crews were formed on TB-7 (ship commanders - Lisachev, Gorbunov and Makarenko), in May they began to study the material part. After studying the materiel, in the autumn of 1940, the personnel of the 2 ae set about the practical development of TB-7 aircraft, and already in the autumn of 1940 they participated in the distillation of the first production TB-7 from Chkalovsky and Kazan to Borispol. In December, flights were discontinued, and in late spring 1941 resumed. In the spring of 1941 (March - April), the regiment totaled 38 units of TB-3 and 9 units of TB-7. By June 1941, according to the People’s Commissariat of the Aviation Industry (NKAP), 27 TB-7 units were transferred to the regiment , and according to the USSR NCO , only 9 military vehicles , of which 4 were malfunctioning. In the early days of the aggression against the Union, airfields were struck by air strikes, as a result of which at least two TB-7s in Borispol were destroyed and some others were damaged. Soon, the remaining aircraft in flight condition (2 ae) were withdrawn to the rear.

Gogolev airfield, where 1 and 3 ae 14 tbap was based , armed with TB-3, was bombed on June 25, 1941, as a result of which one TB-3 burned down, two more were damaged. In September 1942, the TB-3s that had exhausted their resources were replaced by Li-2 ( Li-2VV ), which were used as bombers.

•   Gorbachev, Mikhail Nikiforovich , Guard Senior Lieutenant, detachment commander of the 11th Guards Aviation Regiment of Long-Range Aviation.
•   Kochetov, Vasily Ivanovich , Guard Senior Lieutenant, navigator of the detachment of the 11th Guards Aviation Regiment of Long-Range Aviation.
•   Matveev, Pavel Yakovlevich , guard captain, unit commander of the 11th Guards Aviation Regiment of Long-Range Aviation.
•   Popov, Andrei Kirillovich , Guard Senior Lieutenant, ship commander of the 11th Guards Long Range Aviation Regiment.

• Team of authors. List No. 9 of long-range aviation formations and units with the terms of their entry into the field army during the Great Patriotic War. / Pokrovsky. - The Ministry of Defense of the USSR. Military Scientific Directorate of the General Staff. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1956. - T. Directive of the General Staff of 1956 No. 168906. - 24 p.
• List No. 12 of the aviation regiments of the air forces of the Red Army, which were part of the field army during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
• Kondranov I. P. “The Role of Radyansky Aviation in Supplementing the Crimean Partisans at the Roque of the Great Vitynyi Vinyi” // Ukrainian Historical Journal. - 1972 . - No. 1. - S. 69–72.
• Ratkin V. “Pe-8. The test of war. ”- World of Aviation , 1996, No. 1.
• Ratkin V. “Combat Account TB-3.” - World of Aviation, 1997, No. 2.
• Rychilo B., Morozov M. “The Guard Aviation Regiments 1941–45.” - The World of Aviation, 2003, No. 1.
• Rychilo B., Morozov M. “Guard aviation divisions, corps, squadrons 1941–45.” - World of Aviation, 2003, No. 3.
• Golovanov A.E. “Long-range bomber.” - M .: Delta NB LLC, 2004.
• “Russian Long-Range Aviation.” - Aviation and Cosmonautics , 2004, Special. release.
• Khazanov D.B. "1941. The battle for the sky. From the Dnieper to the Gulf of Finland. ”- M.: Yauza, Eksmo, 2007.
• C. Tkachenko (Feodosia) "Analysis of the actions of Soviet aviation to supply the Crimean partisans in June 1943 - April 1944."

• 14th Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment.
• Personnel.
• 197th Guards Military Transport Stalin Red Banner Aviation Regiment.
• About the Air Force of the Red Army.
• 197th Guards Stalinskiy Red Banner Military-Transport Aviation Regiment 197th Guards Military Transport Stalin Red Banner Aviation Regiment.
• Aviators of the Second World War.
• The site of the Union of Veterans of Long-Range Aviation, Long-Range Aviation, communications of times.
• Website nnre.ru Library.
• Pe-8 (TB-7) "Corner of the sky."
• Website proza.ru, Vladimir Savonchik, 11th Guards Long Range Aviation Regiment.