Zulfiya Abdulkhakovna Tazhurizina (born June 22, 1932 , Kazan , USSR ) is a Soviet and Russian philosopher and religious scholar , an expert in the field of philosophy of religion [1] , a supporter of scientific atheism . Doctor of Philosophy, Professor. Honored Professor of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov (2005) [2] [3] .
| Zulfiya Abdulkhakovna Tazhurizina | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | June 22, 1932 (87 years old) |
| Place of Birth | Kazan , USSR |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | religious studies philosophy of religion |
| Place of work | Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov |
| Alma mater | Gorno-Altai Pedagogical Institute Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov |
| Academic degree | doctor of philosophical science |
| Academic rank | Professor |
| Famous students | V.V. Schmidt |
| Known as | philosopher and religious scholar , specialist in the field of philosophy of religion |
| Awards and prizes | Honored Professor of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov |
Content
Biography
Born in Kazan on June 22, 1932, but was registered on June 26 in the village of. Krasnaya Gorka, Nizhny Novgorod Region. [1] [4] It comes from the Mishar clan of the Tazhurizins - “the concentration of people with outstanding abilities for the cultural enlightenment of the people ”, which included “ imams and educators, publishers and educators, alimi and philosophers ... for two hundred years .” [5] He is a descendant of at the same time “ three well-known families - the great enlightener of the Tatars Marjani , the Kazan book publishers Karimov and the safajay house mullah Tazhriz Khabibullin ”. [five]
In 1955 she graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov , and in 1964 graduated from the Department of the History of Foreign Philosophy. [one]
In 1956 - 1958 - assistant of the Department of Social Sciences of the Gorno-Altai Pedagogical Institute .
In 1958 - 1965 he was a history teacher at a school in Sterlitamak . [one]
Since 1965 he has been working at the Department of Theory and History of Atheism and Religion (now the Department of Philosophy of Religion and Religious Studies) of the Department of Philosophy of Religion of the Philosophy Faculty of Moscow State University named after MV Lomonosov. [1] From 1969 - associate professor, from 1993 to the present - professor. [1] [4]
In 1966 she defended her thesis for the degree of candidate of philosophical sciences on the topic "The Doctrine of Nikolai Kuzansky on Being and Knowledge." [1] [4]
In 1992 she defended her thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy on the topic "Freethinking in Relation to Religion as a Phenomenon of Spiritual Culture". [1] [4]
She prepared 15 candidates of sciences. [four]
The author of more than 60 scientific papers. [four]
Member of the Russian Humanist Society . [6]
Worldviews
He considers himself “ among consecutive atheists, ” believing that “ atheism is not at all the destruction of temples and culture as a whole, ” and if we define atheism with the simplest words, “ this is a recognition of the self-sufficiency of nature and the natural, human, origin of religion .” [7] Says that “ I am a supporter of humanistic Marxist atheism. If I had to choose between a cynical, cruel, immoral unbeliever and high moral believer - I would, of course, choose the latter . " [7]
Research
In the works of Z. A. Tazhurizina, a multilevel understanding of free thought in relation to religion as a sociocultural phenomenon is presented. The main directions of development are established and an attempt is made to predict the future of free thought, including atheism . She also studied the conceptual set of knowledge about free thought, an attempt was made to understand the historical meaning and content of those concepts by which it is indicated in its actual manifestation. She “ defines the role of free-thinking in the liberation of various forms of spiritual activity of society from religion, in the development of a culture of peaceful relations between people, in the upbringing of civic and intellectual courage ”. [one]
One of the authors of the Philosophical Encyclopedic Dictionary and Atheistic Dictionary .
Reviews
Russian philosopher, writer and publicist D. E. Galkovsky cites the words of Tazhurizina, said in 1985 during a discussion [8] of the published Philosophical Encyclopedic Dictionary , and gives them an assessment:
The “ scientific atheists ” of Tazhurizin and Krelev were especially vicious:
Tazhurizina: "The exclusion from the bibliography of some authors of articles in the dictionary of the works of the classics of Marxism ... this is not harmless ... The article" Time to Search "( True , 1983, May 15) drew attention to the inadmissibility of superficial, one-sided assessments of historical facts, social processes and phenomena, moving away from clear class assessments when addressing religious issues. It seems that it’s time to comprehend the reasons for the emergence of such trends in our philosophical, historical and fiction " [9]
Candidate of Theology , Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Philosophy of PSTGU V.P. Lega in his review of “ Religious Studies. Encyclopedic Dictionary ”regarding articles written by Z. A. Tazhurizina, notes that
For example, in the article “Atheism” Z. A. Tazhurizina connects the spread of atheism in modern times with “progressive shifts in society”, and the decline in social need for atheism in modern Russia is associated exclusively with instability and the loss of the majority of the population hopes for a better future. In these words of the author, the Marxist doctrine of "the opium of the people " is viewed. [...] Along with quite competent and consistent articles by F. Ovsienko , I. Davydov , K. Antonov , there are also clearly ideologically (atheistically) directed articles. The articles of Z. Tazhurizina are especially different in this respect. [...] Thus, in the article “Spinoza” by Z. Tazhurizin rightly indicates that the Dutch philosopher shared the concepts of religion ( superstition ) and true religion, criticizing the former and defending the philosophical truth of the latter. But the article provides numerous arguments against religion, and very few in favor of true religion, so that the reader may have a distorted understanding of Spinoza ’s understanding of religion. A distorted idea of this scientist as a zealous opponent of the Church can be created from an article by the same author of Lomonosov. [ten]
Religious scholar E.S. Elbakyan in the program “From a Christian point of view” by Y. G. Krotov on Radio Liberty about the article “Atheism” said that
Of course, the article "Atheism" is present, written by Professor Tazhurizina Zulfiya Abdulkhakovna. It is a completely classic article that tells what atheism is, as a spiritual phenomenon, as the denial of God and so on, and its history, questions, in a completely calm tone, it is written. [eleven]
Russian philosopher , culturologist , literary critic , linguist , essayist M.N. Epshtein believes that Z. A. Tazhurizina
the largest specialist in free thought of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance [12]
Scientific Papers
Monographs
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Philosophy of Nicholas of Cusa. / ed.: V.V. Sokolov. M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University , 1972. 148 p.
- Tazhurizina Z. A., Bogolyubova E. V. Bourgeois humanism: illusions and reality. M. Knowledge , 1975.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Bourgeois atheism in the past and present. M., 1976.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Patterns of the development of atheism. M. Knowledge , 1978.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Actual problems of the history of atheism. M .: Publishing house of Moscow University , 1979. - 206 p.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Creative essence of atheism. M. Knowledge , 1981.- 64 p.
- Nikonov K.I. , Tazhurizina Z.A. Criticism of the ideological foundations of Orthodox monasticism. M. Knowledge , 1982.264 p.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Atheism and freethinking in the spiritual life of the Russian people. M. Knowledge , 1986. 64 p. (New in life, science, technology. Ser. "Scientific atheism"; No. 9):
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Ideas of free thought in the history of culture. M. Publishing house of Moscow State University , 1987.224 s.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Freethinking and the world // Raise an atheist / under the general. ed. D. M. Ugrinovich ; comp. R.N. Danilchenko, Z.A. Tazhurizina. M., 1988. S. 284–298
- Tazhurizina Z. A., Savelyev V. N. Atheistic education of youth during the perestroika period. Centre. House of Scientific Atheism, 1989. 40 p.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. The concept of atheism in the history of European thought (from antiquity to the New Age) // Lectures on religious studies / ed. I.N. Yablokova . M., 1998. S. 67–86.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Philosophy of religion B. Spinoza // Wise and forever young B. Spinoza. M.: Publishing House of the RAGS , 1999. S. 93–107.
- Nikonov K.I. , Tazhurizina Z.A. Protestantism // History of Religion. In 2 volumes, volume 2. M .: Higher school , 2004.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Philosophy of Nicholas of Cusa. M. Librocom , 2010
- Tazhurizina Z. A. From the History of Freethinking. Essays of different years. M .: Academic Project, 2017.
- Ivaneev S.V. , Tazhurizina Z. A. Freethinking and atheism: ideas and faces. - M.: Academic project , 2018 .-- 270 p. - (Philosophical technology: Selected philosophical works).
Articles
- Tazhurizina Z. A. The mystification of everyday relations in superstitions // Concrete sociological study of the state of religiosity and the experience of atheistic education / ed. I. D. Pantskhava . M., 1969. S. 68–88
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Study of the problems of the history of atheism in ten years in the USSR (1967-1977) // Bulletin of Moscow State University named after MV Lomonosov . Series "Philosophy". - 1977. - No. 6.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Nikolay from Kuzy // Nikolay Kuzansky. Works in 2 volumes. T. 1: Translation / General. ed. and enter. article by Z. A. Tazhurizina. - M .: Thought , 1979.- S. 5-45. - 488 p. - ( Philosophical heritage ). - 150,000 copies.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Godlessness as a socio-psychological phenomenon // Actual problems of the theory and practice of scientific atheism. M .: Publishing house of Moscow State University , 1985. S. 71–90.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Communication between student and teacher: opportunities for spiritual mutual enrichment // Modern Students: Actual issues of education and upbringing: collection of books. articles. M., 1992.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. "I constantly thought clearly and freely." Ludwig Feuerbach. On the 200th anniversary of his birth (28.VII.1804 - 13.IX.1872) // Common sense . - 2004. - No. 3 (32) .
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Problems of the theory of free thought in the work of L. Feuerbach // Philosophy of free thought. M .: Publishing House of the Russian Academy of Civil Service , 2004. S. 115–138.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. The social need for atheism exists today // Marxism and modernity . 2005. No. 1–2. S. 116–126.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Anti-religious movement in the USSR (pseudonym - Ulina H.Sh.) // Marxism and modernity . 2005. No. 1–2. S. 121–127.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. And this is also Catholicism // Marxism and modernity . 2005. No. 3-4. S.77–81; 2006. No. 1–2. S. 71–75.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. On the philosophy of religion and the “invisible theological faculty” // Marxism and modernity . 2006. No. 3. P. 42–46.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Russian freethinking of the late XIX - early XX century. // Marxism and modernity . 2009. No. 1. P. 61–70.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Religion and revolutionary ideology (on the 100th anniversary of the publication of VI Lenin's work “Materialism and Empirio-Criticism”) // State, religion, Church in Russia and abroad . 2009. No. 1. P. 51–72.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Creativity of Jean-Marie Guillot in the Context of French Freethinking of the Second Half of the 19th Century // Common Sense . - 2010. - No. 4 (57) .
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Humanistic Freethinking of Jean Marie Guillot // State, Religion, Church in Russia and Abroad . 2010. No. 3. P. 157–187.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Research on the history of atheism in the USSR (20-30s) // Questions of religion and religious studies . Prince 1 (I). M., 2010. S. 349–357.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Why do we need to know the history of free thinking for believers and unbelievers? // Ethnodialogues: scientific and informational almanac. 2011. No 3 (36). S. 366-377
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Secular culture - the basis of the revival of Russia // Common sense . - 2011-2012. - No. 4 (61) —1 (62) .
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Traditions of Russian philosophy. A. D. Sukhov. Russian philosophy: characteristic features and representatives, developmental features // Philosophical sciences . 2013. No. 5. P. 152 - 157.
- Tazhurizina Z. A. “Atheophobia” in the history of Christianity and free thought // Bulletin of Moscow University . Ser. 7. Philosophy. - 2015. - No. 1 . - S. 81-95 .
- Tazhurizina Z. A. “Atheophobia” in the history of Christianity and free thought // Philosophy and Society . No. 1-2 (76). 2015 .-- S. 140-155.
Reviews
- Tazhurizina Z.A. Fourteen centuries of the struggle of free thought against religion (Sokolov VV Medieval philosophy. M: Higher school, 1979. - 447 p.) // Moscow University Physics Bulletin . Ser. 7. Philosophy. 1981. S. 85–88.
Journalism
- Tazhurizina Z. A. Remember about Soviet atheism // Communist newspaper "Herald". - 2005. - No. 3 .
- Tazhurizina Z. A. M. V. Lomonosov on science, religion and the church // Economic and philosophical newspaper . - 2011. - No. 44 .
Interview
- Markus S.V. , Schmidt V.V. About Paradise On Earth: Interview with Professor Z. A. Tazhurizina // Eurasia. Spiritual traditions of peoples. - M .: Russian Orthodox University - Institute of St. John the Theologian (Faculty of Religious Studies, Ethnoculturology and Regional Studies), 2012. - No. 2 . - S. 182-192 . - ISSN 2227-878 . ( copy )
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Alekseev, 2002 .
- ↑ Academic Council of Moscow University Decides: To be awarded the title “Honored Professor of Moscow University” in 2005 // Newspaper “Moscow University”. - No. 4 (4153). January 2006
- ↑ Distinguished Professors of Moscow University (2005) // Official website of MV Lomonosov Moscow State University
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tazhurizina Zulfiya Abdulkhakovna Archived December 11, 2014 on the Wayback Machine // Official website of the Philosophical Faculty of Moscow State University named after MV Lomonosov
- ↑ 1 2 Marcus, Schmidt, 2012 , p. 182.
- ↑ Marcus, Schmidt, 2012 , p. 186.
- ↑ 1 2 Marcus, Schmidt, 2012 , p. 189.
- ↑ Discussion of the "Philosophical Encyclopedic Dictionary" // Bulletin of Moscow University . Series 7. Philosophy. - No. 1. - 1985.
- ↑ Broken compass points the way // Independent newspaper . No. 84 (500) and No. 86 (502), April 23 and 27. 1993 (with nezn. Abbr.) Is also published in the magazine Broken compass. - No. 1. - 1996. and Propaganda: a compilation. - Pskov: State Unitary Enterprise "Pskov Regional Printing House", 2003. - 448 p. 1100 copies ISBN 5-34542-039-5 (erroneous) .
- ↑ Lega, 06/08/2007 .
- ↑ Religious studies // Radio Liberty , 11/30/2006
- ↑ Epstein, 2001 .
Literature
- Alekseev P.V. Tazhurizina, Zulfiya Abdulkhakovna // Philosophers of Russia of the XIX-XX centuries. Biographies, ideas, works. - 4th ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Academic project , 2002. - 1152 p. - ISBN 5-8291-0148-3 .
- Lega V. P. Encyclopedic Dictionary "Religious Studies" or the gap of philosophical and religious thought (review of the encyclopedic dictionary "Religious Studies" (Moscow, 2006)) // CRI smsmch. Irenaeus of Lyons . - 06/08/2007.
- Epstein M. N. Atheism is a spiritual vocation. About Raisa Omarovna Gibaydulina // " Star ". - 2001. - No. 4 .
- Anniversary of Zulfiya Abdulkhakovna Tazhurizina // Religious Studies . - 2002. - No. 3 .