Ova [1] [2] [3] ( 応 和 : o: va , peace) is the motto of the reign ( nengo ) of the Japanese emperor Murakami [3] [1] from 961 to 964 [1] [4] .
| Ova | |
|---|---|
| jap. 応 和 | |
| Serial number | 43 |
| Ruling emperor | Murakami |
| Duration | 961-964 years |
| Previous era | Tentoku |
| Next era | Koho |
Content
Duration
Beginning and end of an era: [4] [5] [1]
- 16th day of the 2nd moon of the 5th year Tentoku (according to the Julian calendar - March 5, 961);
- The 10th day of the 7th moon of the 4th year of Ova (according to the Julian calendar - August 19, 964).
Origin
The name nengo was borrowed from the 17th juan of the classical ancient Chinese composition “ Jin Shu ” ( Chinese trad. 晉書 , ex. Р , pinyin : Jìn shū , literally: “History of the Jin Dynasty”) [4] : 「鳥 獣 万物 、 莫不応 和 」 [4] .
Events
- 961 year (11th moon of the 1st year of Ova) - Emperor Murakami moved to the newly rebuilt palace, restored after the devastating fire of the 5th year, Tentoku ( 960 year ) [6] ;
- 962 year (2nd moon of the 2nd year of Ova) - the emperor sent several envoys to make offerings to the Shinto shrines of Ise , Kamo , Mizunoo, Hirano and Kasuga ;
- 962 year (8th moon of the 2nd year of Ova) - Fujiwara-no Saneiori went to offer prayers at the Iwasumizu Shrine ( 石 清水 八 幡 宮 ) ; many representatives of the Fujiwara clan followed suit.
Comparison Chart
The table below shows the correspondence of Japanese traditional and European chronology. The name of the corresponding year from the 60-year cycle of the Chinese gan-chi system is indicated in parentheses to the year number of the Japanese era. The Japanese months are traditionally called moons .
| 1st year of Ova ( Metal Rooster ) | 1st moon * | 2nd moon * | 3rd moon | 3rd moon * (leap) | 4th moon | 5th moon | 6th moon * | 7th moon | 8th moon | 9th moon * | 10th moon | 11th moon * | 12th moon |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Julian calendar | January 20, 961 | 18th of Febuary | March 19th | April 18th | May 17 | June 16th | July 16 | August 14 | September 13th | October 13th | 11th of November | December 11th | January 9, 962 |
| 2nd year of Ova ( Water Dog ) | 1st moon * | 2nd moon * | 3rd moon | 4th moon * | 5th moon | 6th moon * | 7th moon | 8th moon | 9th moon * | 10th moon | 11th moon | 12th moon * | |
| Julian calendar | February 8, 962 | 9th of March | April 7th | May 7th | June 5th | 5'th of July | August 3rd | September 2 | 2 October | October 31 | November 30th | December 30th | |
| 3rd year of Ova ( Water pig ) | 1st moon | 2nd moon * | 3rd moon * | 4th moon | 5th moon * | 6th moon | 7th moon * | 8th moon | 9th moon * | 10th moon | 11th moon | 12th moon | 12th moon (leap) * |
| Julian calendar | January 28, 963 | February 27 | March 28 | 26 April | 26 of May | June 24 | July 24 | August 22 | September 21st | The 20th of October | November 19th | December 19th | January 18, 964 |
| 4th year of Ova ( Wood Rat ) | 1st moon | 2nd moon * | 3rd moon * | 4th moon | 5th moon * | 6th moon * | 7th moon | 8th moon * | 9th moon | 10th moon | 11th moon | 12th moon * | |
| Julian calendar | February 16, 964 | March 17 | April 15th | May 14 | June 13th | July, 12 | August 10 | 9th of September | October 8th | November 7th | December 7th | January 6, 965 |
- * An asterisk indicates short months (moons) of 29 days. The remaining months last 30 days.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Kontsevich, 2010 , p. 730.
- ↑ Petrova and Goreglyad, 1963 , p. 207.
- ↑ 1 2 East Asia // Rulers of the World. Chronological and genealogical tables on world history in 4 vols. / Compiled by V.V. Erlikhman . - T. 3. - S. 355.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 (Japanese) 日本 年号 一 覧 『日本 大 百科全書 （ニ ッ ポ ニ カ）』 小学 館 、 1984〜 1994 年 ( List of Japanese Nengos // Nipponica Encyclopedia . - Shogakukan , 1984-1994. )
- ↑ Japanese Nengo Database on the Dharma Drum Humanitarian Institute website (Taiwan)
- ↑ Titsing, 1834 , p. 141.
Literature
- Kontsevich L.R. Chronology of the countries of East and Central Asia . - Moscow: Eastern Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2010. - S. 695-803. - 806 s. - ISBN 978-5-02-036350-2 .
- Petrova O.P., Goreglyad V.N. Slogans of rule // Description of Japanese manuscripts, woodcuts and early printed books. Vol. I .. - Moscow: Oriental literature , 1963. - S. 204-210. - 243 p.
- History of Japan / Ed. A.E. Zhukova. - M .: Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences , 1998. - T. 1. From ancient times until 1968 - 659 p. - ISBN 5-89282-107-2 .
- Eliseev D. History of Japan. Between China and the Pacific Ocean / per. with fr. M. Yu. Nekrasov. - St. Petersburg: Eurasia, 2008 .-- 318 p. - ISBN 978-5-8071-0296-7 .
- (Fr.) Isaac Titsingh . Nihon give itiran, or Review of Imperial Reigns in Japan = Nipon o daï itsi ran, ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. - Paris, 1834. - 460 p.