Kayokyoku ( 歌 謡 曲 ) - Japanese music genre , Japanese traditional pop music [1] of the Shoe era [2] . (Usually, the term is understood as old-fashioned pop songs of the 1950s and 80s.)
| Kayokyoku | |
|---|---|
| Direction | pop |
| The origins | Ryukoka (Western traditional popular music, minye, blues , jazz ) latin american music tango tin pop |
| Place and time of occurrence | 1950s, Japan (since the 1920s the so-called Ryukok style) |
| Heyday | 1950s - 1980s (in the 1990s, the style mainly merged with Enka and J-pop ) |
Previously, in Japan this was the name of all popular Western-style music [3] , but by the beginning of the 1990s, the situation in Japanese music began to resemble the one that developed in America and Europe - all genres were fragmented, mixed and confused. All the old categories of Japanese music either lost their meaning or began to mean something else, and the term “kayokyoku” continued to be used almost exclusively for “ idol ” singers [4] . Then, Japanese music stores, for simplicity and convenience of customers, decided to categorize all modern Japanese pop music as “ J-pop ”, and enka -style ballad collections came to be called “kayokyoku” [4] . Currently, stores usually divide music into four shelves: J-pop (Japanese pop music, including rock), Western pop music, Enka (old-fashioned Japanese ballad) and classical music . What used to be called kayokyoku is now assigned to either J-pop or Enka, depending on the style.
Term History
Initially, in the Meiji era (1868–1912), the term “kayokyu” ( 歌 謡 曲 ) in Japan was used to refer to Western songs that came to the country from the USA, Europe, etc. [five]
But somewhere at the dawn of the Showa era (1926-1989), the Japanese broadcasting corporation JOAK (now NHK ), which had previously used the term “hayari-uta” ( 流行歌 , literally “popular song”) , believing that “it is inappropriate to call a“ popular song “a song about which you do not know whether it is popular or not,” began to use the term “kayokyoku” instead [5] .
Different interpretations of the term currently
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Example of modern
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- According to the description of the Japanese English-language newspaper Japan Times , the genre “kayokyu” is “Japanese traditional pop music ” [1] or “pop music of the Showa era ” [2] (that is, before 1989).
- According to the definition of the World Encyclopedia of Haybonsya , kayokyoku - "a typical popular song of modern Japan" [5] . The term for songs of ancient Japan is “kayo” ( я 謡 ) [5] .
- The website of the Japanese Embassy in Russia writes that now the term "kayokyoku" "covers a wide variety of exquisite popular music that flourishes mainly on television." The article about Japanese music on the site also still refers all Japanese “ idol ” singers - both past years and modern - to the kayokyoka genre [3] . As the website writes,
| Idol music is included in a broader musical category called kayokyoku (a popular song). Once this term denoted all the popular music of the Western style, but now it covers a wide variety of exquisite popular music, flourishing mainly on television. The word kayokyoku also has an additional meaning - “music without content”. The types of her performers can vary from “plywood-singing” idol-teenagers with a passing fame to such a female rock ensemble as “Princess, Princess”, whose members have strayed into the band on their own initiative, write music themselves, but have gained popularity, in first of all, thanks to the appearance in television shows and commercial programs [3] . |
See also
- J-pop
- Enka
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 The Ventures: still rocking after 50 years . The Japan Times (August 7, 2008). Date of treatment November 25, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 Jazz icon Akiko Yano finds her electronic muse . The Japan Times (April 11, 2008). Date of treatment November 25, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Culture - Music - Popular music . Embassy of Japan in Russia (February 2, 2015).
- ↑ 1 2 Mark Schilling. The Encyclopedia of Japanese Pop Culture . Weatherhill (1997). "But on New Year's Eve of 1995, Kohaku clobbered the competition with a 44.9 percent rating for its first section, which ... In the early 1990s the Japanese pop music scene resembled that of the West in its fragmentation and cross-fertilization. Folk rock with an Okinawan accent? Spacey ambient grooves in no known human language? We got it. Former pop music categories, consequently, became largely meaningless or changed their meaning altogether. To make things simple for record buyers, stores began classifying all contemporary Japanese pop music as "J Pop" while applying the kayokyoku label, which literally means "Japanese popular music" and was formerly reserved primarily for the pop products of "idol" singers and groups, to collections of enka ballads. But while thousands of groups were catering to tiny cliques of fans in clubs and concert halls, a few artists were racking up incredible sales numbers in the mainstream pop marketplace. The number one single of the 1980s, "Dancing All Night" ... "
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 World Encyclopedia Haybonsya 2nd edition.
- ↑ [歌 謡 曲] 花 見 桜 幸 樹 「ア イ ラ ブ 東京」 2 月 18 日 発 売 on YouTube
- ↑ dwango.jp. 鬼 龍 院 翔 が ダ ウ ト 幸 樹 に 「花 見 桜 幸 樹」 と 命名 、 ム ー ド 歌 謡 に 転 身？ (link not available) . Excite News (December 4, 2014). Archived February 3, 2015.