Sweatshirt (Amur Region)

The village of Tolstovka stands on the Bolshoi Alim River (the left tributary of the Amur River ).

The distance to the regional center of Blagoveshchensk is 30 km (to the west), the road goes along the bridge over the Zeya River and through the village of Volkovo .

To the south of the village of Tolstovka there is a road to the district center of the Tambov district, the village of Tambovka , a distance of 14 km.

From the village of Tolstovka to the north there is a road to the district center of the Ivanovo district, the village of Ivanovka .

On March 26, 1861, the "Rules for the resettlement of Russians and foreigners in the Amur and Primorsky regions of Eastern Siberia" were published.

These lands were declared by the government open for settlement "by peasants who do not have land, and by enterprising people of all classes who wish to relocate at their own expense."

The first immigrants to move to the "Amur free country", were the followers of the Russian sectarian teachings of the Protestant persuasion - the Molokans and the Dukhobors , and somewhat later - the Baptists . The local administration resettled arrivals taking into account religion. So, in the Tambov region, some villages - Lazarevka , Kozmodemyanovka , Uspenovka settlements - were settled by Orthodox Christians, others - Chuevka , Lipovka , Tambovka , Tolstovka, Zharikovo , Gilchin settlements - by Molokans and Dukhobors.

The Molokan village Tolstovka ( 1884 ) was named after the brothers Roman Dmitrievich and Semyon Dmitrievich Tolstovs who dug the first dugout among hazel trees in the Alim river valley upon arrival.

From the “ Description of the Amur Region ” ^[2] compiled by the traveler G. E. Grum-Grzhimailo -

“The village Tolstovka, closest to Blagoveshchensk from the villages of the volost and is 28 miles away from it. Located in the foothills, on the Alim River, and settled in 1884 by settlers mainly from the Tambov province, belonging to the Molokan sect. Yards 73, a spare bakery and 3 horse mills (treadmill). Residents 468 (235 males), all peasants. The land in their possession is 7,700 acres, including 50 estates, 1,000 mowings, arable land and deposits of 6,500 acres. Under crops: eggs 98 acres, spring wheat 710, oats 720, millet 60 acres. At 3 courtyards of the village there are kindergartens, wild apple and pear trees, bird cherry, viburnum and grapes are bred in them. Residents are also engaged in melon breeding: under melons they have 8 acres. The cattle are kept by peasants: horses 440 (326 workers), horned 334 (190 cows, 50 bulls), sheep 135. "

There were many children in the village; they were first taught in private villagers' houses. Teachers were "discharged" from Blagoveshchensk . Then the training took place in elementary school. And in 1900, a seven-year school built by society was opened in Tolstoyovka. The school was taught by four teachers. The first director of the school was Vasily Tarasovich Goncharov. The richest man in the pre-revolutionary Tolstoyan was Filinov Trofim Artyomovich. He in 1903 built a roller mill, which was subsequently bought by society. At the same time, the whole village was electrified. This happened long before the Leninist GOELRO plan .

In 1924, from January 9 to 14, one of the battles of the Zazeysky uprising took place in the village area.

In 1929 , after the development of collective farm construction began, the first collective farm of the poorest Molokans “Red Plowman” was organized in the village. Its chairman was Alexey Alexandrovich Leshtaev. The farm included 11 yards, 1 Fordson tractor, 25 horses. When he grew up, they renamed it Red Granite, then Red Lenzatonets. The powerful collective farm already owned 27 Oliver, Inter wheeled tractors, 114 horses, and united more than 100 private farms. The farm included five farms: Neverovka, Orletsky, Turgenevskoye, Haste, Kopylovka and the village of Tolstovka. At the same time, a village council was organized. The first Komsomol members appeared. The collective farm was again renamed. Since 1933 it began to be called the "Eastern Drummer". It was headed by the Chinese Ma-Zai-Chan, who was later repressed and deported to one of the northern regions of the Amur Region ^{[3] [4]} .

In 1934, about a hundred sedentary fighters of the collective farm division from the Voronezh region with their families arrived in Tolstoy. The fighters were settled in the homes of the exiled residents of Tolstoyan. In the prewar years, the second collective farm “Name of Voroshilov” was organized in the village. In 1949, in connection with the enlargement of farms, the East Drummer collective farms and the Voroshilov Name collective farm were merged. The new economy began to be called the collective farm "Name of Lenin." Zelensky Yakov Semenovich became its chairman.

Since 1964, he was replaced by Yuri Fedorovich Kulichkov who built the house of culture, on his initiative funds were allocated for the equipment of the library. A stadium, a kindergarten, a collective farm board, a shop, a canteen, a hotel, new livestock buildings, mechanical workshops, and an updated grain yard were built. At that time, a monument to V.I. was ordered in Leningrad art workshops . To Lenin . It was opened in November 1971 . On the day of the end of the war with Japan on September 5, 1975 , in a festive atmosphere, an obelisk was opened to the soldiers of the villagers who fell on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 .

The collective farm had powerful equipment: 35 tractors of various brands, more than 30 cars, 27 combines, mechanized farms (pig farm, poultry farm, cattle farm), a grain yard. In field cultivation there were 7,000 hectares of arable land. Wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat, soybeans were sown. In every house there were TVs, in every second motorcycles, 23 families at that time had their own cars. The streets in the village were paved and lit.

• The site of the administration of the Tambov district
• Administration of the Tolstoy Village Council