Melasma

Melasma is a violation of skin pigmentation that has a benign character.

Melanin dyschromia of the skin - melanoses (a term accepted in international practice and recognized by WHO) - are characterized by increased (hyperchromia, or hyperpigmentation), weakened (hypochromia, or hypopigmentation) or complete absence (achromia, or depigmentation) of skin color resulting from formation dysfunction melanin by dermal melanocytes. External and internal causes of the development of melasma were discovered. The internal ones include a genetic predisposition to the appearance of melasma spots, and the external ones include excess solar radiation, which becomes a direct catalyst for the development of areas of apigmentation or hyperpigmentation. When dermatosis occurs, an important role is also played by the use of photosensitizing agents that are part of external cosmetic preparations, as well as the ingestion of some photosensitizers. In addition, in pregnant women, those taking hormonal drugs or contraceptives and suffering from various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, melasmatic spots may appear. There is dermal, epidermal and mixed forms of hypermelanization. The epidermal form is removed by treatment with special chemicals: salicylic acid; hydroxy acids - glycolic, lactic; topical retinoids - tretinoin. Melasma can be treated with laser peeling , as well as photorejuvenation.