Currently, the majority of Iranian population (60% [1] ) speaks Farsi ( Iranian group ), about 40% speaks Azerbaijani [2] [3] .
| Iranian languages | |
|---|---|
| Official | Persian |
| Minority languages | Azerbaijani , Kurdish , Turkmen , Arabic , Armenian |
| Keyboard layout | |
General information
Due to the fact that many peoples live in Iran, other languages are widely spoken in the country, many of which are fixed as regional, being the indigenous languages of the peoples living in the country. In addition to Persian, many publications and broadcasts are conducted in other languages quite popular in Iran, such as Kurdish , Azerbaijani , and even in the less popular Arabic and Armenian .
In different publications and statistical estimates, different figures are given for the prevalence of certain languages, the data vary widely. So, many researchers estimate the number of speakers of the Persian language at 55-65%, while the official census, defining literacy as the ability to read and write simple texts in Farsi, gives the figure 84.75% [4] .
The basis of language policy is enshrined in the Constitution of the country, article 15 of which states:
The official and common language and alphabet for the Iranian people is the Persian language and the Persian alphabet . Official documents and texts, official correspondence and textbooks must be written in this language in this alphabet, however, local national languages can be freely used along with the Persian language in the press and other mass media, as well as for the teaching of national literature in schools. [five]
Languages by Media
Languages of Iran [6]
This table [1] contains the languages of Iran by the number of speakers.
| Title | Number | date |
|---|---|---|
| Persian | 35,000,000 | 2011 |
| Azerbaijani | 25,500,500 | 2010 |
| Kurdish | 3,250,000 | 2000 |
| Lurie | 2,375,000 | 2001 |
| Turkmen | 2,000,000 | 1997 |
| Gilyansky | 3,270,000 | 1993 |
| Arab | 1,400,000 | 1993 |
| Bakhtiyar | 1,000,000 | 2010 |
| Lucky | 1,000,000 | 2000 |
| Baloch | 856,000 | 1986 |
| Khorasan-Turkic | 400,000 | 1977 |
| Dari | 350,000 | 1999 |
| Armenian | 171,000 | 1993 |
| Pashto | 113,000 | 1993 |
| Talyshsky | 112,000 | 1993 |
| Larry | 80,000 | |
| Georgian | 60,000 | |
| Semnani | 60,000 | 2007 |
| Khalajsky | 42,100 | 2000 |
Endangered
Currently, two languages in Iran are threatened with extinction. These are New Aramaic (about 15,000 carriers for 1994) and Browi (about 20,000 carriers for 2007) [7]
See also
- Iranian population
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Ethnologue Website
- ↑ Event Report, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University (For Academic Citation: Nassibli, Nasib L. "Azerbaijan- Iran Relations: Challenges and Prospects (Event Summary)): Azerbaijan- Iran Relations: Challenges and Prospects (Event Summary) :. .South Azerbaijan consists of Ardabil, East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Zenjan, Hamadan Ostans (provinces) and adjacent areas of Astara, Qazvin and other territories. The size of these territories is estimated at approximately 170,000 square kilometers (the territory of North Azerbaijan is half this— ie, 86,600 sq. km). Turks dominate the national composition of the Azerbaijani provinces in Iran - making up more than 90% of the population in these areas ... It is difficult to determine the exact number of Azerbaijani Turks in Iran. Official statistics do not state the national composition of Iran. According to our research, based on the official statistics, the Azerbaijani Turks comprise nearly 40% of the population of Iran. This i s 75% of all the Azerbaijani Turks in the world.
- ↑ Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ): Southern Azerbaijan : ... The members of the population in Iran (all population in 66 million) of Azerbaijani descent is estimated to be around 30 million. Many immigrants from the Southern Russian territory have moved to other parts of Iran such as Teheran. At present, nearly 8 million Southern Azerbaijanis live outside Southern Azerbaijan, where more than a million of them are political immigrants, living in Europe and America. A million of them live in southern Iran while 6 million live in the city of Tehran. In Iran Azerbaijani Turkish is spoken by 25-30% of the population (15-20 million people). It is a Turkic language that is similar to the language spoke by the Turkish and Iraqi Turkmen, and distinct from the Iranian state language, Farsi.
- ↑ Official 2011 Iranian Census Data (Inaccessible link) . Date of treatment November 17, 2014. Archived on May 31, 2013.
- ↑ Text of the Constitution of Iran
- ↑ Iran / Languages - LookLex Encyclopaedia
- ↑ Iran | Ethnologue