Leipunsky, Ovsey Ilyich

Born in the city of Bialystok, Grodno Province (now Poland ) in the family of the foreman of road construction. In 1930 he graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Mechanics of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute .

He worked at the Institute of Chemical Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences . In 1938, after the arrest of his brother, he refused to come out with a “condemnation of his activities” and was fired. After the liberation of Alexander Leipunsky, he was reinstated at the institute.

In 1939, Ovsey Leipunsky calculated the pressure values ​​necessary for a successful outcome of experiments on the synthesis of diamonds : at least 60,000 atmospheres ^[1]

During the Great Patriotic War, together with Ya. B. Zeldovich, he studied the internal ballistics of rockets on solid fuel. They managed to significantly improve the shells of the Katyusha guards mortars . The stabilization of the combustion of gunpowder has allowed several times to increase the flight range.

In 1947, Hovsey Leipunsky was involved in work on the development of nuclear weapons. He participated in the testing of atomic bombs, was present at all the first explosions at the Semipalatinsk test site . From 1958 to 1979, he combined work at the Institute of Chemical Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR with teaching at the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute. He was one of the organizers of the Department of Radiation Physics and Safety of Atomic Technologies and for a long time headed it.

Since 1960, again engaged in research in the field of burning solid rocket fuel, published several scientific papers on these issues.

Awards:

• For participation in the development of new instruments and methods for measuring the atomic explosion, he was awarded the Stalin Prize of 2 degrees (Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of October 29, 1949).
• On the same day, the "closed" Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for outstanding scientific discoveries and technical advances in the use of atomic energy, Alexander Ilyich and Ovsey Ilyich Leipunsky, were awarded the Orders of Lenin, and Dora Ilyinichna Leypunskaya - the Order of the Badge of Honor.
• For work on the creation of equipment for testing products RDS-6s, RDS-4 , RDS-5 and measurements at site 2 was awarded the Stalin Prize 2 degrees (Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of December 31, 1953).
• In 1976 he was awarded the honorary title "Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the RSFSR."
• He was also awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor , two Orders of the Badge of Honor, and medals.

In 1982, the Institute of Chemical Physics was presented to the USSR State Prize for creating a method for synthesizing diamonds , but did not receive the award.

He died in 1990 after a serious long illness. He was buried in Moscow at Vostryakovskoye cemetery .

Son - Ilya Ovseevich Leipunsky (born in 1945) - Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Institute of Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences , Head of the Laboratory for Nano- and Microstructural Materials Science.

• http://sm.evg-rumjantsev.ru/des2/leypunskij-oi.html
• Synthesis of diamonds according to Leipunsky [1]