Krulikovsky, Stefan Alexandrovich

Born in Warsaw in the family of cobbler and gardener Alexander Krulikovsky and the washerwoman Joanna Zimerman. By profession a gardener. Self-taught. He graduated from the two classes of the private school of Auerbach.

Since 1900 - member of the Polish Socialist Party . In 1901-1906, he was repeatedly arrested and imprisoned (in 1904 he was in the 10th Pavilion of the Warsaw Citadel ), released under police supervision. In 1905, at the Seventh Congress of the Polish Socialist Party, he was elected to the Labor Committee of Warsaw. Arrested in 1906, again imprisoned in the 10th Pavilion of the Warsaw Citadel. By the decision of the Warsaw Military District Court of March 21, 1907, he was sentenced to 5 years in prison (a convict company ). In 1911 he returned to Poland. In the years 1912 - 1915 was a member of the Central Working Committee of the PPS-Levitsy .

During World War I, a representative of the party in the Inter-Group Workers Council in Warsaw, worked in the Workers Economic Committee. In 1915, he was arrested by the tsarist authorities, expelled in administrative order to the village of Pirovskoye in Eastern Siberia.

After the February Revolution and the overthrow of the tsarist regime, he was released under an amnesty declared by the Provisional Government . Created a section of the PPS-Levitsy in Petrograd, a member of the Central Executive Committee of the PPS-Levitsa in Russia, collaborated in socialist publications. Participant of the first All-Russian Congress of Military Poles, held in late May 1917 in Petrograd . Candidate deputy of the City Duma , member of the Petrograd Soviet of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies .

After the October Revolution and the creation by the Soviet government at the end of 1917, a special body for Polish affairs — the Polish Commissariat — was in it the head of the prisoner of war department. He was a member of the Council of Polish Democratic Revolutionary Organizations. He participated in negotiations with the leadership of the 1st Polish Corps , under the command of General Dovbor-Musnitsky aimed at suppressing the revolution.

In April 1918, he returned to Poland occupied by the Central Powers . He played for the reunification of the PPS-Levitsy and SDKPIL . Organizer of the Council of Working Delegates of the Dombrowa Basin . Actively participated in the organization of the Warsaw Council (established November 11, 1918 ). Participant of the II (XII) Congress of the PPS-Levitsy in December 1918.

The participant of the 1st congress of the Communist Workers' Party of Poland (PKPP), which took place on December 16, 1918 in Warsaw, was elected to the first Central Committee of the PPRC ^[1] , co-authored the party program.

In January 1919, he was arrested by the Polish authorities, was in prison until July of this year.

In June-July 1921 he was a member of the delegation of the Polish Communist Party at the Third Congress of the Comintern in Moscow, on July 14, 1921 he was elected to the Executive Committee of the Comintern .

Participant of the first congress of the Red International of Trade Unions , elected to its Central Council.

On October 30, 1921, he was arrested at a conference of the Communist Party of Eastern Galicia , and was sentenced to three years hard labor at the Svyatoyursky process of the conference participants ( Lviv , November 21, 1922 - January 11, 1923 ).

While in custody, in the elections held on November 5, 1922, he was elected to the Seimas of the first convocation from district No. 1 of Warsaw, becoming one of two Communists elected to the Seimas according to the lists of the Union of Proletariat of the City and Village (the second is Stanislav Lantsutsky). ^[2]

On January 26, 1923, at the initiative of members of parliament Norbert Barlitsky and Herman Lieberman, the Sejm adopted a resolution calling for Krulikovsky to be released so that he could fulfill his mandate, after which he was released on January 31, 1923 .

Participant in the Second Congress of the Communist Party of Poland (October 1923), where he was elected a member of the Politburo of the CPR Central Committee.

At the Fifth Congress of the Comintern in July 1924, by the decision of the "Polish Commission" under the leadership of Joseph Stalin , approved by the Comintern Executive Committee, was removed from a party leadership position as a "supporter of the right course".

After it was founded on November 6, 1924, the deputy faction of the communists in parliament was its first chairman. At the end of 1924 he went abroad and on October 25, 1925, in a letter from Berlin, he refused the deputy mandate, which was transferred to Adolf Varsky .

In the years 1925-1926 he lived in the USSR , fearing arrest due to his anti-government speeches in parliament.

From 1929 he returned to the Soviet Union and then resided here. Before his arrest lived on the street Maroseyka , d.6 / 8, kv.2

Arrested by the NKVD on May 11, 1937 . On August 21, 1937, the Military Collegium of the USSR Supreme Court was sentenced to death on charges of participating in the counter-revolutionary " Polish Military Organization, " and was shot the same day. Cremated and buried in the Don Cemetery of Moscow . ^[3]

Rehabilitated on April 29, 1955 by the decision of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR.