Dual training is a type of training in which the theoretical part of the training takes place on the basis of the educational organization, and the practical part - in the workplace.
Enterprises place an order for educational institutions for a specific number of specialists, employers participate in the preparation of the curriculum . Students undergo internship at the enterprise on the job. [one]
In the dual training system, the role of the employer is strengthened and qualitatively changed. On the territory of the enterprise, training jobs are created for students, which may differ from the usual workplace by the presence of virtual simulation equipment. The most important component is the availability of trained personnel who act as mentors . [2]
Content
Foreign experience
The ancestor of the dual education system is Germany . The experience of this country serves as a model for the entire European Union . The German vocational education system is distinguished by a developed mentoring institution, practical training and the active participation of business in training. Dual education in Germany is introduced into a strict legislative framework and is carried out with the help of chambers of commerce and industry. [3]
Russian experience
A striking example of dual education is the system laid down at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology when it was created: from the third or fourth year students are involved in research work in scientific organizations. [4] The system worked well and was later extended to Novosibirsk State University . [five]
In 2014, the Agency for Strategic Initiatives to Promote New Projects (ASI) held a competition in Russia and selected regions among the 23 constituent entities of the Russian Federation where the project “Training of workers corresponding to the requirements of high-tech industries based on dual education” was launched. [6]
The winners and finalists included 10 regions: Perm Territory , Republic of Tatarstan , Krasnoyarsk Territory , Kaluga , Yaroslavl , Ulyanovsk , Sverdlovsk , Nizhny Novgorod , Volgograd and Moscow Regions . [7]
Regional projects aimed at the development of dual education
Some regions of Russia have already begun to implement projects aimed at developing the dual education system, before the advent of the federal initiative.
One of the pioneering regions was the Kaluga region . In particular, the Kaluga College of Information Technology and Management has been training specialists together with the German company Volkswagen since 2010. The first two years, students study general subjects, in the next two years, theoretical training is combined with practice at the car factory. [8]
Sverdlovsk region received the status of a mentor in the project "Training of workers who meet the requirements of high-tech industries, based on dual education." It is believed that training programs for the dual model have already been established here, and other regions of the Russian Federation will teach this region. [8]
Perm Territory was the first to attract not only one enterprise, but several companies and educational institutions to participate in the dual education system. In 2012, the Perm Turnkey Workers project was launched in the Perm Territory. The developer and initiator of the project was the Perm Chamber of Commerce and Industry . Employers draw up a request indicating the number and specialty of the required workers, and the chamber processes the order and helps to find educational institutions that can fulfill it. [9] [10] The Perm experience seemed useful to the head of state and was recommended for use in other regions; it will serve as the basis for changing federal educational standards . [11] [12]
See also
- Higher education
- Education
- The science
- Professional education
Notes
- ↑ [1] // "Portal of Mechanical Engineering"
- ↑ L. Ovsienko // Federal Institute for the Development of Education
- ↑ [2] // Accreditation in Education
- ↑ Sergey Petrovich Kapitsa, E.L. Kapitsa, Tatyana Balakhovskaya. My memory . - ROSSPEN, 2008-01-01. - 282 p.
- ↑ Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology # Fiztekh system (Russian) // Wikipedia. - 2017-04-05.
- ↑ [3] // Russian newspaper
- ↑ [4] // Agency for Strategic Initiatives
- ↑ 1 2 [5] // Accreditation in education
- ↑ [6] // Public television of Russia
- ↑ [7] // Expert Magazine
- ↑ [8] // Russian newspaper
- ↑ [9] // TV channel “Russia 1”