River stingrays-paratrigons [1] ( lat. Paratrygon aiereba ) is a species of stingrays from the family of river stingrays of the order of caudate . The only known species in the homonymous [1] genus ( Paratrygon ). These rays are endemic to the Amazon . The maximum recorded length is 130 cm and the mass is 14 kg [2] [3] .
| Paratrigon River Stingray |
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| Scientific classification |
|---|
| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| Gender: | Paratrigon River Stingrays ( Paratrygon Duméril , 1865 ) |
| View: | Paratrigon River Stingray |
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| International scientific name |
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Paratrygon aiereba ( Müller & Henle , 1841 ) |
| Synonyms |
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- Disceus thayeri garman , 1913
- Paratrygon aiereba (Walbaum, 1792)
- Raja ajereba Walbaum 1792
- Trygon aiereba Müller & Henle, 1841
- Trygon strogylopterus jardine , 1843
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| Security status |
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Not enough data IUCN Data Deficient : 161588 |
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Content
The species was first scientifically described in 1841. The genus of river stingrays-paratrigons is the oldest synonym for river stingrays-disco ( Disceus ) genus. It was created for the classification of Trygon aiereba , described by Friedrich Gustav Henle and Müller in 1841. Species Paratrygon aiereba is a senior synonym for the species Trygon strogylopterus [4] .
The name of the genus comes from the words Greek. παρα - “close” and other Greek. τρίγων is a “ stingray ”, and the species name is probably from the dialectal Brazilian name for any river stingray [5] [6] .
Paratrigon river slopes are widespread throughout the Amazon. They live in Bolivia , Brazil , Ecuador , Peru and Venezuela . These slopes are found in shallow water, where the water warms up to 25 ° C. Juveniles are kept on sandbanks and bays, and adult fish inhabit the main riverbed. In Rio Negro, there is daily migration between shallow water and depth [3] .
In river slopes-paratrigons, the body has the shape of a round disk, dorsal fins and caudal fin absent. The tail has the shape of a whip, with a poisonous sting at the end. Behind the eyes are sprays. On the ventral side of the disc there are 5 pairs of gill slits . The maximum recorded length is 130 cm, and the weight is 25 kg [2] , and according to other sources 60 kg [3] . The dorsal surface of the disc is gray or tan with a dark pattern [2] .
Like other caudate-shaped river paratrigons, they reproduce by egg-production. There are probably 2 newborns in the litter. Embryos feed on yolk and histotroph . Females give birth every 2 years. Pregnancy is estimated at 9 months. The length of newborns is about 16 cm. Males and females reach puberty with a length of 60 and 72 cm. Segregation by sex is observed [3] . The diet consists of insects , crustaceans and fish [2] .
These skates are not of interest to commercial fishing, however, caught as by-catch of fish, they are put on the market. In Brazil, the export of these stingrays as ornamental fish is prohibited, but there is illegal traffic. Paratrigon river stingrays are affected by environmental degradation. There is insufficient data to evaluate the conservation status of the species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature [3] .
- ↑ 1 2 Reshetnikov Yu.S. , Kotlyar A.N. , Russ T.S. , Shatunovsky M.I. Pentate-linguistic dictionary of animal names. Fish. Latin, Russian, English, German, French. / edited by Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. Yaz., 1989 .-- P. 45 .-- 12,500 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00237-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Paratrygon aiereba in the FishBase database.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Paratrygon aiereba (English) . The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species .
- ↑ Ricardo S. Rosa. Paratrygon aiereba (Muller & Henle, 1841): The senior synonym of the freshwater stingray Disceus thayery Garman1913 (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) // Revista brasiliera de zoologia. - 1991. - Vol. 7, No. 4 . - P. 425-437.
- ↑ Great Ancient Greek Dictionary (Neopr.) . Date of treatment June 9, 2014. Archived February 12, 2013.
- ↑ Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Fish Name Etymology Database (Neopr.) . The ETYFish Project . Date of treatment April 13, 2014.
