Victor Robertovich Bursian (1886, St. Petersburg - 1945 , Leningrad ) - Soviet theoretical physicist , geophysicist, specialist in electrical and thermodynamics, crystal physics, electrical exploration theory.
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| Place of work | NIIF them. Foka |
| Alma mater | Petersburg University |
| Known as | one of the founders of the school of theoretical physics in Russia |
Content
Biography
Born December 25, 1886 in a family of St. Petersburg Germans. My father was a prominent doctor, a specialist in massage and physiotherapy exercises. He graduated from the St. Petersburg gymnasium "Annenshule" with a gold medal. In 1904 he entered the Physics and Mathematics Department of St. Petersburg University . In 1906, at the invitation of the German physicist F. Paschen , he studied at Tubingen University ( Germany ) for two semesters.
After graduating from St. Petersburg University in 1910, he taught, and from 1918 he lectured at the alma mater and at the Polytechnic Institute of Petrograd . He was the first scientific secretary and the first head of the theoretical department of the Physicotechnical Institute founded by A.F. Ioffe (now this institute is named after A.F. Ioffe).
Since 1920 - Member of the Atomic Commission at the State Optical Institute , chaired by D. S. Rozhdestvensky .
Since 1932 he worked as a professor and head of the department of Leningrad University. In 1933 he was appointed dean of the Faculty of Physics , and since 1934 - also the director of the Research Physical Institute (NIFI) at Leningrad State University.
In the 1930s - Employee of the Geolcom- TsNIGRI ( Central Research Institute of Geological Exploration ).
October 8, 1936 was arrested in the Pulkovo case . In May 1937, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR sentenced to 10 years in prison. Direction to work in the Special Technical Bureau of the NKVD (“Crosses”), where he was engaged in thermal calculation of guns. With the outbreak of World War II, together with the OKB, he was evacuated to the city of Molotov (now Perm ).
In May 1945 he returned to Leningrad. He died on December 15 of the same year in a prison hospital from kidney disease.
Rehabilitated posthumously in 1956.
Scientific activity
One of the pioneers of Soviet physics, who played a large role in the formation of theoretical physics in the USSR.
At the beginning of the XX century. V.R.Bursian carried out research on the physics of currents in gases and vacuum, on dispersion and gyration, on the electronic theory of matter, and on the kinetics of chain reactions. He was the first to develop electrophysical methods in geological exploration.
V.R.Bursian is the author of a number of scientific papers in theoretical physics. His work on thermionic emission and the passage of current through a vacuum is best known.
The author of a number of textbooks on theoretical physics, monographs on electrical exploration of minerals.
Selected Works
- Theory of electromagnetic fields used in electrical exploration (1933, 1936)
- lecture courses “Electromagnetic Theory of Light”, “ Electrodynamics ”, “ Thermodynamics ”, “Radiation Theory”
Sources
- Bursian E.V. About Victor Robertovich Bursian (1886-1945). Names in University History // St. Petersburg University: Gas. - 2003. - No. 18, June 27.
Links
- Bursian Victor Robertovich
- Bursian E.V. Victor Robertovich Bursian (1886-1945) // Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk . - 1988.- T. 155 , no. 6 . - S. 317–321 . - DOI : 10.3367 / UFNr.0155.198806e.0317 .