For other monuments to Peter I see the list .
Sight | |
Monument to Peter I | |
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A country | |
Location | and |
Sculptor | L. Bernshtam |
Founding date | |
Date of construction | 1910 |
Status | Object of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation of federal significance. Reg. № 471510250510006 ( ЕГРОКН ). (Wikigid BD) |
Material | Bronze |
The monument to Peter the Great is a bronze statue of the Russian emperor Peter I on a granite pedestal located in the Petrovsky park of the city of Vyborg . The monument was erected in 1910 to commemorate the bicentennial of the capture of Vyborg by Russian troops .
History
After approval of the proposal to install the monument to Torgils Knutsson in Vyborg by Emperor Nicholas II in early 1908, it was decided to also erect a monument to Peter the Great and a military Peter and Paul Cathedral in the city. The top of the cliff was chosen as the location for the installation, from which a view of the Vyborg Castle opens. It preserved the royal monogram, knocked out, according to legend, by Peter himself during the leadership of the troops.
In the presence of the government delegation, the bronze monument was solemnly opened on June 14, 1910. On a monolithic granite pedestal of 3.5 meters in height, the sculptor L. A. Bernshtam depicted the colonel of the Transfiguration of the Transfiguration with the star of the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called on his chest, standing next to the king's cannon. He holds in his right hand the plan of the siege of Vyborg and with his left hand rests on the hilt of the sword. At the same time, an original architectural-sculptural composition arose: the views of Peter I and Torgils Knutsson frozen in bronze, symbolizing the opposing countries, were crossed at the Vyborg Castle.
However, the Peter and Paul Cathedral was not completed (an archive building was erected in its place), and the monument did not stand for long. After the proclamation of independence of Finland in April 1918, Finnish troops occupied Vyborg and threw the statue off the pedestal. It was planned to send a monument to Germany for scrap metal through Helsinki, but the transaction did not take place for some reason, and the statue returned to the city was placed in the city's historical and ethnographic museum , and then in the Museum of Fine Arts on the Panzerlax bastion. From there, in 1941, after the Soviet-Finnish war (1939-1940), it was returned to its historic place by Soviet soldiers, after removing the monument to the Independence of Finland from the cliff in 1927 (a fragment of the monument is currently in Monrepos Park).
Statue in the 1910s
KG Mannerheim , R. Ryuti and other officials at the thrown monument in 1941
A. Tourna with the head of the monument in his office in 1942
Dropped monument in 1942
But already in August 1941, a monument to Peter I was again dropped by Finnish troops, who had returned to the city. During the fall, the statue was severely damaged: in particular, the head fell off, which the mayor of the city, A. Thurna, used to decorate his desk. A fragment of the statue lay for some time on a rock, but after 1942 it was placed in the Vyborg castle.
At the end of the Soviet-Finnish Wars, the monument was restored, returned to its former place in August 1954. The sculptor N. Volzhukhin supervised the restoration works, the new pedestal was designed by the architect A. A. Draghi. It is not monolithic, of a different form and slightly higher than the original. The inscription on the pedestal is also different: “Peter the Great” instead of “Emperor Peter the Great. 1710-1910.
Antique mortar at the monogram of Peter I
Literature
- Neuvonen P., Pöyuhya T., Mustonen T. Vyborg. Architectural Guide / Trans. L. Kudryavtseva. - 2nd ed. - Vyborg: “CH”, 2008. - 160 p. - ISBN 5-900096-06-8 .
- Kepp E.E. Vyborg. Artistic Attractions / Ed. O.V. Cossacks. - Vyborg: “Fantakt”, 1992. - 200 p.
- Raikov G.P. Vyborg. Daring taken / Yu. Cherem. - SPb. : Alaborg, 2010. - 72 p. - ISBN 978-5-86983-011-1 .