Serpins ( Serpins , short for serine protease inhibitors , "serine protease inhibitors") - a group of proteins that have a certain structural similarity among themselves and many of which inhibit serine proteases , that is, proteases that have serine in the active center .
Content
Introduction
Initially, this term denoted a class of proteins that specifically inhibit certain serine proteases (for example, antithrombin - serpin, specifically inhibiting thrombin serine protease). However, later it turned out that some proteins structurally similar to serpines do not have inhibitory activity (for example, the main egg protein ovalbumin ), but nevertheless they are also classified as serpines.
Classification
In 2001 , a classification of serpins was published, according to which 500 proteins assigned to serpins were divided into 16 clades (groups arising from one predecessor). See (Silverman et al.) In the Bibliography.
Key Class Representatives
The following proteins belong to the class of serpins:
- Serine proteases:
- Alpha antitrypsin ;
- Alpha antichymotrypsin ;
- Alpha antiplasmin ( fibrinolysis inhibitor);
- Antithrombin (an inhibitor of coagulation , in particular factor X , factor IX and thrombin ;
- C1 inhibitor ;
- Neuroserpine ;
- Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 ( fibrinolysis inhibitor);
- Z-like protease protein inhibitor (ZPI, inactivates factor X and factor XI )
- Binding globulins and other proteins:
- Transcortin
- Thyroxin-binding globulin
- Angiotensin
- Ovalbumin
Bibliography
- Silverman GA, Bird PI, Carrell RW, Church FC, Coughlin PB, Gettins PG, Irving JA, Lomas DA, Luke CJ, Moyer RW, Pemberton PA, Remold-O'Donnell E, Salvesen GS, Travis J, Whisstock JC. The serpins are an expanding superfamily of structurally similar but functionally diverse proteins. Evolution, mechanism of inhibition, novel functions, and a revised nomenclature. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 33293-6. PMID 11435447 .
- Gettins PGW. Serpin structure, mechanism and function . Chem Rev 2002; 102: 4751-803. DOI 10.1021 / cr010170 + .
- Irving JA, Steenbakkers PJ, Lesk AM, Op den Camp HJ, Pike RN, Whisstock JC. Serpins in prokaryotes. Mol Biol Evol. 2002 Nov; 19 (11): 1881-90. PMID 12411597 .
- Irving JA, Pike RN, Lesk AM, Whisstock. Phylogeny of the Serpin Superfamily: Implications of Patterns of Amino Acid Conservation for Structure and Function. Genome Res. 2000; ten; 1845-64. PMID 11116082 .