The quadruple alliance of 1718 (the English quadruple alliance , the German Quadrupel Allianz ) is a military alliance of France , Great Britain , the Republic of the United Provinces and Austria , signed in London on August 2 [1] 1718 [2] .
After the War of the Spanish Succession, Julio Alberoni , Minister of the King of Spain, Philip V , sought to regain the value lost by Spain and, in particular, to return the Italian provinces ceded to Austria. Alberoni’s warlike intentions prompted France, Britain, and the Republic of the United Provinces to form the Triple Alliance (1717) to preserve the conditions of the Utrecht world . Austria joined this union in 1718, which is why it received the name of the Fourth Union.
The conditions of this alliance were as follows: Austria exchanged its Sardinia for the ceded to Savoy after the War of the Spanish Succession to Sicily . The duchies of Parma and Tuscany after the end of the dynasties reigning there passed to the son of Philip V, infante don Carlos . Charles VI had to give up the rights to the Spanish throne, and Philip V from the rights to the Italian provinces. In case of disagreement of Spain to these conditions, the powers decided to force it. The refusal from Spain led to a war in which Spain was unable to fight the four powers at once. Philip V resigned Alberoni, agreed to the proposed conditions and joined the Fourth Union.
Notes
- ↑ July 22, according to the Julian calendar in force in Britain.
- ↑ Spain treaties. Coleccion de los tratados de paz, alianza, comercio & c. ajustados porla corona de España con las potencias extrangeras desde el reynado del señor don Felipe quinto basta el presente . - 1801-01-01. - 452 p.
Sources
- The Fourth Union of 1718 // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.