Zelensky, Mikhail Samoilovich

He was born in a Jewish petty bourgeois family who converted to Orthodoxy from Poltava. The parents of the future pediatrician spent 1829 in the Crimea , which explains the place of his birth. The boy spent his childhood in Poltava, where in 1838 he was sent to the Poltava classical gymnasium ^[1] , after which in 1846 he entered the medical faculty of the Kiev Imperial University of St. Vladimir . After 3 years, as the most distinguished student, M. S. Zelensky was sent to St. Petersburg to continue his education, where he was admitted to the 3rd year of the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy . Here he became interested in the study of diseases of the nervous system and pathology of childhood. Studying in his last year, M. S. Zelensky presented to the scientific council an essay on the topic: "On the recognition of diseases of the nerve centers." For this work, he was awarded the gold medal of the Academy.

In 1852, M. S. Zelensky graduated from the Academy and, having received a doctor’s degree ^[2] , was admitted by a doctor to the Maximilian Hospital . Here he worked as an assistant to Professor N.I. Pirogov . Less than a year later, M. S. Zelensky defended his dissertation, which he called Semiotics and Diagnosis of Spinal Cord Diseases. With the conferment of the academic title of doctor of medicine, Mikhail Samoilovich remained in his former position, but work under the guidance of the renowned surgeon did not last long. The Crimean War was on , and in the autumn of 1854 NI Pirogov left for Sevastopol , in whose heroic defense he took an active part. As for Mikhail Samoilovich, in 1855 he was accepted as a full-time resident in a hospital for laborers , later called Aleksandrovskaya. In those years, children were often treated here, and M.S. Zeleniky, as the best trained in pediatrics, was entrusted with the treatment of this particular age group of patients.

In 1860, M. S. Zelensky "for scientific purpose" was sent to Europe. In Berlin , he trained for two years at the pathological institute of Professor Rudolf Virchow , at the Charite Clinic under Professor Friedrich Freriks and at the University of Berlin Friedrich Wilhelm under the supervision of Professor Ludwig Traube .

After returning to St. Petersburg, after reading a trial lecture, “A General Look at the Features of Children's Diseases,” M. S. Zelensky was elected privat docent of the Medical and Surgical Academy. In 1862-1865, he taught a pediatric course at the department of “obstetrics and the general teaching of female and childhood diseases” ^[3] . Thus, after Professor S. F. Khotovitsky, Mikhail Solomonovich was one of the first teachers of this new discipline for Russian medical education ^[4] . Subsequently, remaining a privat-docent of the Academy, until 1887, M. S. Zelensky lectured on hygiene and neurology, but did not return to pediatrics. This was due to the fact that the reading of this course was entrusted to the associate professor of the department V. M. Florinsky , and after the organization of the independent department of childhood diseases, to its head, professor N. I. Bystrov .

Nevertheless, until the end of his life, Mikhail Samoilovich continued to practice as a pediatrician. All these years, he remained one of the most popular and sought after pediatricians of St. Petersburg ^[5] . M.S. Zelensky also turned out to be one of the few popularizers of medical knowledge among the population, having published a large number of brochures on various diseases of children, feeding and caring for newborns and young children, raising a child and children's hygiene. Beginning in 1864, and for a quarter of a century M.S. Zelensky was a consultant on children's diseases at the Department of Institutions of the Empress Maria and at the same time headed one of the schools of the Imperial Women's Patriotic Society .

Mikhail Samoilovich Zelensky died after a short illness on July 10, 1890. One of the first pediatricians of Russia was buried on the Literary bridges of the Volkovsky Orthodox cemetery ^{[6] in} St. Petersburg. His grave has been preserved, although it needs restoration ^[7] .

• Zelensky M. S. A general look at the features of childhood diseases: (Sample lecture on the title of Associate Professor of Pediatrics). - St. Petersburg: type. J. Treya, 1862 . - 30 s.
• Zelensky M.S. Differit, Zur Frage vd Muskelirritabilität. - Archive of Virchow, 1862 . - T. XXIV. - 362-429 s.
• Zelensky M.S. Diphtheria: Crete. Study: Op. Mikhail Zelensky for doctors and parents. - St. Petersburg: tip-lit. A.E. Landau, 1881 . - 306 p.
• Zelensky M. S. About the mind and the method of its education. - St. Petersburg: type. M.M. Stasyulevich, 1890 . - 215 p.
• Zelensky M. S. About the signs in the recognition of nervous diseases in the area of ​​the nodular system / [Op.] M. Zelensky, Dr. med., A doctor at the Maximilian Hospital in the part of the nerve. Diseases, doctor laborers laborers. - St. Petersburg: type. Mn vn. affairs, 1856 . - 201 p.
• Zelensky M. S. Basics for caring for the proper development of thinking and feelings. - St. Petersburg: type. V.A. Tushnova, 1876 . - T. 1.
• Zelensky M. S. Basics for caring for the proper development of thinking and feelings. - St. Petersburg: type. V.A. Tushnova, 1882 . - T. 2.
• Reklam K. Popular hygiene. Infinity hygiene: with the application of Child Hygiene, compiled by Dr. M.S. Zelensky, and an introductory article by V.O. Portuguese / compiled by Karl Reklama, prof. medicine in Leipzig. - [3rd ed.]. - St. Petersburg: type. V.A. Shushnova, 1872 . - 508 s.
• Mikhailovsky N. K. From the world of science. Basics for caring for the proper development of thinking and feeling. Composition by Mikhail Zelensky. T. 1. St. Petersburg. 1876. Die Perigenesis der Plastidule oder die Wellenzeugung der Zebenstheilchen. Ein Versuch zur mechanischen Erklärung der elementaren Entwickelungs. Vorgan ge. Von Ernst Haeckel. Berl. 1876: [Rec.]. About Shchapov / Internal browser [pseudo. G.Z. Eliseeva]. - St. Petersburg, 1876 .
• Vogel A. Guide to the study of childhood diseases: Per. since last ed. 1863, ed. Dr. med. Mikhail Zelensky, Priv. for children diseases in St. Petersburg. medical surgeon. Acad. : C [foreword], amend. and note. according to the latest auth. and own. observations ed. Part 1-2 / [Op.] By Dr. Alfred Vogel, Priv. and 2 dir. Reiner Hospital in Munich. - St. Petersburg: type. O.I. Bakst, 1864-1865 . - T. 1–2. - 201 p.

St. Petersburg branch of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia

• Zelensky, Mikhail Samoilovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Bykov P. Zelensky Mikhail Samoilovich . - Niva, 1889 , No. 44. - 1004-1006 (3) p.
• Bykov P.M. S. Zelensky (obituary) . - World Illustration, 1890 , No. 1124. - 96-98 (3) p.