Heinrich G. Karlsen ( 1894 - 1984 ) - Soviet engineer, teacher and scientist in the field of building structures, author of the first standards for calculating wooden structures in the USSR. The author of a number of works and training manuals on the use of wood in building structures and the theory of calculation and design of wooden structures.
| Henry G. Carlsen | |||||||||||
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| Date of Birth | May 27 ( June 8 ) 1894 | ||||||||||
| Place of Birth | Moscow Russian empire | ||||||||||
| Date of death | January 20, 1984 (89 years old) | ||||||||||
| Place of death | Moscow the USSR | ||||||||||
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| Place of work | |||||||||||
| Alma mater | MVTU named after N.E. Bauman | ||||||||||
| Academic degree | Doctor of Technical Sciences | ||||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
Biography
Born May 27 ( June 8 ), 1894 in Moscow in the family of an employee. Ancestors on the father's side are Scandinavian sailors who settled in Russia during the time of Peter I ; on the mother’s side, the French, mostly musicians. In 1912 he graduated from a real school and entered the architectural department of the Riga Polytechnic . With the outbreak of World War I, he left school and returned to Moscow, where he enrolled in the ensign school, but was soon demobilized due to health reasons. In 1918, Carlsen was drafted into the Red Army and sent to the Higher School of Military Disguise ; in 1921 they were sent to MVTU to the Faculty of Civil Engineering. Even during the training, G. G. Carlsen took up scientific work [1] [2] .
After graduating from MVTU in 1922 he was left to teach. At first, he developed GOSTs , Technical Instructions and Conditions, was engaged in the preparation of articles for TSB , the development of basic curricula for the wooden construction course for construction universities and technical schools. In 1922-1923 he participated in the construction of the All-Russian Agricultural and Handicraft Industrial Exhibition in Moscow [3] ; Carlsen, according to the memoirs of V. K. Oltarzhevsky , was the closest assistant to the chief designer of the exhibition A. V. Kuznetsov [4]
In the second half of the 1920s, G. G. Carlsen went to work in the GIS , where he organized a research laboratory for wooden structures [2] . In the early 1930s, he was a member of the consulting bureau of the State Institute of Structures [3] . In 1929, he developed the first standards for calculating wooden structures in the USSR. In 1932, he became a teacher at the VIA named after V.V. Kuybyshev , where he worked for more than 40 years. In 1938 he received a doctorate in technical sciences. At the same time as working at the Academy, he gave a course of lectures at IISS and Promacademia ; in 1933 he organized and headed the department of wooden structures at MISI. In 1935, together with M. E. Kagan and P. N. Ershov, he received a patent for the construction of a thin-walled arch-shell made of wood [2] [1] .
In wartime, he was engaged in the design, construction and restoration of destroyed structures, developed the design of fortifications - floating, suspension and collapsible bridges, pontoon crossings, created engineering structures to protect Moscow [2] . After the war, he continued his teaching work, was engaged in the examination of building structures of a number of architectural monuments - Bolshoi Bolshoi Theater , Manege , and monuments of wooden architecture in Kizhi .
He died on January 20, 1984 . He was buried in Moscow at the Vvedensky cemetery [5] .
Awards and Prizes
- Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the RSFSR (1965)
- Stalin Prize of the third degree (1951) - for the development and implementation of glued wooden structures in the construction [5]
- The order of Lenin
- Order of the Patriotic War II degree (29.5.1944)
- two orders of the Red Banner
- Order of the Red Star
- medals
Engineering Design
- Participation in the construction of the All-Russian Agricultural and Handicraft Exhibition (1922-1923, Moscow, at the Crimean Bridge ), were not preserved;
- Calculation of the balcony of the club of the October Revolution ( Central House of Culture of Railway Workers ), designed by architect A. V. Shchusev (1925-1926, Moscow, Komsomolskaya Square , 4) [6] ;
- Participation in the construction of the TsAGI complex of buildings, together with A. V. Kuznetsov, I. S. Nikolaev , G. Ya. Movchan , B. V. Gladkov , A. S. Fisenko (1924-1928, Moscow, Radio Street 17) [7] ;
- Calculation of the balconies of the Kauchuk factory club , designed by architect K. S. Melnikov (1927-1929, Moscow, Plyushchikha 64) [6] ;
- Residential building, together with E. S. Demchenko, N. K. Kornilova (1957, Moscow, prospectus 60th anniversary of the October Revolution , 29 building 1) [8] ;
Proceedings and Publications
- The course of wooden structures / Under the general editorship of G. G. Carlsen. - M. — L: State. ed. builds. lit., 1942-1943. - T. 1–2.
- Carlsen G. G. Calculation of wooden structures for military purposes. - M .: VIA them. Kuibyshev, 1942.
- Carlsen G. G. Wooden structures in military construction. Fundamentals of design and calculation. - M .: VIA them. Kuibyshev, 1947.
- Carlsen G. G. Introduction to the course of wooden structures: (Textbook). - M. , 1947.
- Gladkov B.V., Carlsen G.G. Low-rise residential buildings of factory manufacture. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1948.
- Carlsen G. G. Introduction to the course of engineering structures: (Textbook). - M. , 1963.
- Carlsen G. G., Znamensky E. M. Engineering constructions from polymeric materials: (Textbook). - M. , 1966.
- Structures of wood and plastic: (Textbook for building. Universities and fac.) / Ed. G. G. Carlsen. - M: Stroyizdat, 1975.
- Wooden structures: Examples of calculation and design: (Textbook) / G. G. Carlsen, E. M. Znamensky, R. O. Bakirov. - M, 1972.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Carlsen, 2000 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Moscow Encyclopedia, 2008 , p. 122.
- ↑ 1 2 Kazus I.A. Soviet architecture of the 1920s: design organization. - Progress Tradition, 2009 .-- S. 84, 255. - 488 p. - ISBN 5-89826-291-1 .
- ↑ Oltarzhevsky V.K. The First Agricultural Exhibition in Moscow // Yearbook of the Institute of Art History, 1956: Sculpture. Painting. Architecture / Editorial: I. E. Grabar , V. N. Lazarev, B. P. Mikhailov, M. L. Neumann, G. A. Chernova. - M .: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1957. - S. 280 .
- ↑ 1 2 Moscow Encyclopedia, 2008 , p. 123.
- ↑ 1 2 Architecture of Moscow 1910-1935. / Komech A.I. , Bronovitskaya A. Yu., Bronovitskaya N.N. - M .: Art - XXI Century, 2012. - P. 280—284. - 356 p. - ( Monuments of Moscow architecture ). - 2500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-98051-101-2 .
- ↑ Khan-Magomedov S.O. Architecture of the Soviet Avant-Garde: Book 1: Problems of Formation. Masters and currents. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1996 .-- S. 452. - 709 p. - ISBN 5-274-02045-3 .
- ↑ 9th quarter: Pilot construction of a residential quarter in Moscow. (District New Cheryomushki). - M .: Gosstroyizdat, 1959. - S. 5. - 288 p.
Literature
- Moscow Encyclopedia / S.O. Schmidt . - M .: The Moscow Encyclopedias Foundation, 2008. - T. I, Book 2. - P. 122-123. - 639 p. - 10,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-903633-02-9 .
- G. G. Carlsen. Scientist, engineer, teacher // Architecture and Construction of Moscow. - 2000. - No. 2 .
- Henry G. Carlsen: a collection of memoirs / ed. A. B. Martsinchik and V. G. Antonenko. - M .: CiPress, 2007 .-- 48 p.