Zenger, Grigory Eduardovich

He came from noblemen : he was born in the family of the colonel (hereinafter referred to as Major General) of the Life Guards of the Dragoon Regiment of the Russian Imperial Army , George Eduard (Eduard Fedorovich) Senger , the owner of the majorate in the Kingdom of Poland .

He studied at the Page Corps . In 1874 he graduated from the historical-philological faculty of St. Petersburg University as a candidate .

He taught ancient languages ​​at the 5th St. Petersburg gymnasium , at the same time he was a university scholarship holder to prepare for a professorship in the Department of World History . Since 1877, he lectured on general history at the Nizhyn Institute of History and Philology , acting as an extraordinary professor . Since 1885, he taught at the University of Warsaw , first acting as assistant professor , then - assistant professor and professor in the department of general history; since 1896 - dean of the Faculty of History and Philology, in 1897-1899 - rector of the Imperial University of Warsaw.

In 1899 he was promoted to the rank of State Councilor . In 1900 he was appointed trustee of the Warsaw School District . Since 1901, he was a fellow (deputy) minister of public education , and from 1902, a minister with the rank of full privy councilor ; in 1904, dismissed from the ministry and appointed senator .

The scientific and literary activity of Senger is devoted mainly to criticism of the text of ancient Roman poets. These include his master's thesis, “A Critical Commentary on Some Controversial Texts of Horace” (Warsaw, 1886, 2nd ed., 1894), which Senger defended in 1886 at the University of St. Vladimir in Kiev , after which he was approved as a master of Roman literature. The official opponent was Yu. A. Kulakovsky . Senger received his doctorate in Roman literature ( honoris causa ) in 1894 from Moscow University . Author of a number of scientific articles and books: “Philological notes” (St. Petersburg, 1886); "Notes to Latin Texts" (10 large articles in the "Warsaw University News", 1886-1893); Notes to Etna and the Static Silva ( Journal of the Ministry of Public Education , 1903); Notes to Latin Texts (ib., 1904-1905). Of the works of Senger in the field of ancient Roman history, the most important is the Jewish Question in Ancient Rome (Warsaw, 1889). The composition “Notes to the Descriptions of the Petrokovsky Diet of 1492” (“Collection in honor of V. I. Lamansky.” St. Petersburg, 1905) stands somewhat apart. As a classic philologist, during his leisure hours he translated into Latin the poems of Russian and European poets (“Metric transcriptions into Latin”. St. Petersburg, 1904), in particular, he translated “Eugene Onegin” (not published). For some time, Senger was a regular employee in the journal Philological Review , which was published in Moscow .

During the management of the Ministry of Education, Senger was about to reform both high school and high school. In 1902, the Highest Rescript was given in the name of Senger, which determined the main features of the reform. At the end of 1902, he convened under his leadership a large commission to develop a new university charter. The work of this commission resulted in five large volumes, representing extensive materials on the university issue in Russia and abroad. However, the reform was not implemented, since Zenger was replaced in 1904 by General V.G. Glazov.

October 1, 1917 became a non-staff employee in the philology department of the Russian public library , where he worked until the end of his life.

In 1900, for the sympathy and assistance to the goals of the Kholm Holy Orthodox Church of the Holy Mother of God, Zenger was awarded the Fraternal Badge of the 1st degree.

In 1878 he entered into his first marriage - with Maria Rudometova (1856-1890). They had a daughter, Natalia (1879-1896).

In 1891, he married in Warsaw with Elena Nikolaevna, nee Schweder. Nine children were born in the family: 4 sons and 5 daughters; in 1894 two twin daughters were born, in 1897 two twins, a son and a daughter.

• Elizabeth (married Weltz, 1893-1920) - died of typhus in Petrograd.
• Maria (married to Muravyov, then Ashukin, 1894-1980), a literary critic, together with her husband Nikolai Sergeyevich Ashukin, compiled the book “Winged Words: Winged Words: Literary Quotes, Figurative Expressions” (M., 1988. - 4th ed.) ; buried at the Vostryakovsky cemetery.
• Elena (1894-1918), the twin of Mary.
• Alexey (1895-1909) - drowned; He was buried in the crypt of the Danilevsky family ( A. S. Lappo-Danilevsky was an employee of G. E. Senger).
• Tatyana (married Tsavlovskaya ^[1] , 1897-1978) - Pushkin literary critic, wife of the Pushkin artist Mstislav Alexandrovich Tsyavlovsky (1883-1947), editor and commentator of many collected works of Pushkin, including the academic 1937-1959.
• Nikolai (1897-1938?) - worked in the porcelain department of the Hermitage , was repressed, sentenced to death;
• Alexander (1898-1911) - died of diphtheria;
• Gregory (1900-1922) - was the commander of the Red Army, killed in battle;
• Alexandra (1901-1905).

• 1882 - "Additional clarification of the controversial texts of Horace." - Kiev.
• 1886 - "A critical commentary on some of the controversial texts of Horace." - Warsaw (2nd ed. In 1894).
• 1886 - "Philological notes." - SPb.
• 1886-1893 - Notes to Latin Texts / Warsaw University News, vol. 1-10).
• 1889 - "The Jewish Question in Ancient Rome." - Warsaw.
• 1903 - “Notes to Etna and the Static Silva” / “ Journal of the Ministry of Public Education ”
• 1904 - Metric arrangements in Latin by Gregory Senger. - SPb.
• 1905 - “Notes to the descriptions of the Petrokovsky Diet of 1492” / “Collection in honor of V. I. Lamansky”. - SPb.
• 1906 - Notes to the Seneca Texts. - Kiev.
• 1909 - Critical Notes on Some Roman and Medieval Texts. - SPb.
• 1912 - Notes to Latin Texts. - Odessa.

• Gospodarik Yu. Ministers of the pre-revolutionary era: Grigory Eduardovich Zenger // Higher education in Russia. - 2002. - No. 4. - S. 148-152.
• Rozhdestvensky S.V. Historical review of the activities of the Ministry of Education 1802-1902. - SPb., 1902.
• Frolov E. D. Russian science of antiquity: historiographic essays. - SPb., 1999.
• Puchkov A.A. Julian Kulakovsky and his time: from the history of antiquity and Byzantine studies in Russia. 2nd ed., Revised., Corrected. and add. - SPb., 2004. - S. 30-33, 66-67, 188-209 and the following.
• Zenger, Grigory Eduardovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• List of persons serving in the department of the Ministry of Education for 1902. - SPb., 1902. - S. 3.

• Zenger, Grigory Eduardovich on the site "History of Poltava"
• Profile of Grigory Eduardovich Senger on the official website of the RAS
• Zenger Grigory Eduardovich // Biographical dictionary "Employees of the National Library of Russia - workers of science and culture."
• Grigory Eduardovich Zenger Foundation on the website of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• Grigory Eduardovich Senger - Potomac Index