Romuald Zenkevich ( Polish Romuald Zienkiewicz ; Belorussian. Ramuald Symanavich Zyankevich , February 1, 1811 - September 11, 1868 ) is a folklorist , teacher , one of the first Belarusian ethnographers .
| Romuald Simonovich Zenkevich | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | February 1, 1811 |
| Place of Birth | Zavileysky district , Lithuanian-Vilna province , Russian Empire |
| Date of death | September 11, 1868 (57 years old) |
| A country | Russian empire |
| Scientific field | folklorist , ethnographer , archaeologist , teacher |
| Alma mater | University of Vilnius |
Biography
Born in the Zavileisk district of the Lithuanian-Vilna province . Perhaps it was the farmstead that his father rented in the Sventsian and Svir areas , since he received his first education at the Svirsky Parish School in 1818-20 [1] .
In 1820 he studied at a county school in Pastavy [2] .
He graduated from Vilnius Gymnasium in 1826 and the literary department of Vilnius University in 1830 .
In 1830-1844 he worked as a teacher and educator in private schools. In 1844 he received a permanent teacher position at the Rosenskai district school of the Volkovysk district of the Grodno province , but soon left his job due to progressive blindness. R.S. Zenkevich settled in Lunin of the Pinsk district , the residence of the Princes Drutsky-Lyubetsky . While living in Lunin with Kristina Drutskaya-Lyubetskaya (nee Nemirovich-Shield), he memorialized in house verses the atmosphere of the house and the memory of the family of princes Drutsky-Lyubetskiy and Nemirovich-Shield, and in particular about Kristina and her son Edwin, father of Kristina - Yusef Nemirovich-Shield , her sisters, Józef and Theresa, and her brother Krzysztof [3] . The young owner of the estate, Edwin Drutsky-Lyubetsky, allowed Zenkevich to use his library, his own archive and his office-museum.
Zenkevich died in extreme poverty and being blind.
Creativity
He was interested in archeology. Due to poor vision, he did not excavate. In 1843 , he made measurements of mounds and hillforts , defensive ramparts, temples and created an archaeological map of Oshmyany district . In 1848 , in the Athenaeum magazine (Athenaeum) he published the work On the Mounds and Mounds of the Oshmyany County ( About kurhanach i grodziskach powiatu Osmianskego in the Athenaeum magazine (Vilno, part V, 1848 ).
Romuald Zenkevich studied the Krevsky castle and wrote down legends about his "underground passages". His materials about Krevsky Castle were used by M. Balinsky in the study "Ancient Poland". He determined the place of the battle near the Stoshanov over Yaselda . Refuted the assertion that in the VI century. n e. Budins lived in Polesie, and the Slavs appeared there much later.
He published 219 folk songs in the Athenaeum magazine (translated into Polish), "Folk Songs Collected in the Pinschina and Translated by R. Zenkevich" ( 1847 ). O. Kolberg included them in the 52nd volume of the Belarus-Polesie publication.
His main merit lies in collecting and publishing Belarusian songs: “Piosenki gminne ludu Pińskiego” ( Kovno , 1851 ); Along with the Polish translation, the Belarusian original, transmitted by the Belarusian Latin, was also printed. The collection consists mainly of songs over the rivers Pina , Pripyat and Tsna (219 songs), to which are added several songs from Volyn Polissya , from the Bug , from the vicinity of Luboml. Zenkevich - amateur ethnographer, not a scientist; nevertheless, his collection is the first collection of Belarusian songs, which, unlike the collections of Jan Chechot that preceded him, already has scientific significance.
Romuald. Zenkevich - author of the work “On the tract and customs of the inhabitants of the Pinsk district , as well as the nature of their songs” (“ Biblioteka Warszawska ” (“Warsaw Library”), 1852 , v. 4; 1853 , v. 1], in which he gave a description work processes, calendar and family ceremonies, beliefs and superstitions. He first spoke about the ancient spring rite of the "bush", which was accompanied by a plentiful and magnificent ritual, funeral rites, the memorial rite of "grandfathers".
The author of the collection “Rhymed Attempts” (Próbki rymowe), published in Vilna in 1856, and the book “Wedding, a Rhymed Premarital Present” (Wesele, przedślubny podarek rymowy), published in Vilna in 1857.
The manuscript contains the “History of Polish Literature” and pedagogical work on educating young people with a list of responsibilities of parents and teachers. He is the author of a systematic review of all sciences.
Notes
- ↑ Researcher of antiquities Polesye R.S. Zenkevich
- ↑ Geta warta жydzhyhara Pastaўshchiny. Part 1. / laying M. Gіl - Pasta; “Sumezha”, 2016. - from 50.
- ↑ Romuald Zienkiewicz, Próbki rymowe, Wilno 1856
Literature
- Pamyatsky: Hortic-documentary chronicle of Myadzelskag rayon. - Mn., 1998. - C.107-108.- ISBN 985-11-0107-9
- Zenkevich, Romuald // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.