78th Panzer Division

The predecessor of the 78th TD is the 78th Tank Nevelskaya Red Banner Brigade (78th RBM), formed in February 1942 ^[1] .

It was formed in the period from January 17 to February 14, 1942 in the Moscow Military District . On February 10, 1942, the regiment was armed with 32 tanks, including 10 KV-1 , 22 T-34 .

First in Vladimir, Ivanovo Region , and on February 6, 1942, relocated to Moscow . The brigade's readiness was reached by January 28, 1942. Intended for the composition of the 14th cavalry corps .
On February 20, 1942, after the formation, it was subordinated to the 4th Shock Army of the Kalinin Front .
On January 6, 1943, it was withdrawn from the 4th Shock Army and subordinated to the 3rd Shock Army of the Kalinin Front in Velikiye Luki .
In the fall of 1943, she took part in the Nevel offensive operation . In contrast to the battles during this operation, by order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief on September 7, 1943, the brigade was given the honorary name "Nevelskaya" .
On April 4, 1944, it was reassigned to the 10th Guards Army of the 2nd Baltic Front .
On February 10, 1945, it was withdrawn from the 10th Guards Army and subordinated to the 42nd Army of the 2nd Baltic Front .
On February 14, 1945, it was reassigned to the 1st Shock Army of the 2nd Baltic Front .
March 1, 1945 came under the command of the 22nd Army of the 2nd Baltic Front .
March 27, 1945 was withdrawn to the reserve of the Leningrad Front .
By the end of the war, the 78th brigade had the following staff in the state No. 010 / 500-010 / 506:

• Headquarters
• company management
• 1st division tank battalion
• 2nd division tank battalion
• 3rd division tank battalion
• motorized battalion of machine gunners
• anti-aircraft machine-gun company
• technical support company

On June 30, 1945, the 78th tank Nevelskaya Red Banner Brigade was reorganized into the 78th Tank Nevelsky Red Banner Regiment ( 78th regiment ) and incorporated into the 12th Mechanized Division (12th Mechd), which was formed from the 63rd Cavalry Korsun Red Banner Division .

In February 1947, the 78th regiment was withdrawn from the 12th Mechd and redeployed to the Tajik SSR , where it became part of the 201st Infantry Division .

In the summer of 1947, the 201st Infantry Division was reorganized into a separate 325th Infantry Brigade (325th brigade).

In 1948, the 325th brigade was deployed to the 201st mountain rifle division (201st GSM). In connection with this reorganization, the 78th tank detachment was withdrawn from the 201st State Command and, on August 23, 1949, it was part of the Turkmen SSR , the 15th Panzer Division (15th TD), newly formed in the city of Tedzhen .

By the end of the 50s, the 15th TD was reduced to the 78th separate tank regiment (78th division).

In 1962, the 78th division was again deployed to the 15th TD.

January 11, 1965 - the 15th TD was renamed the 78th TD and became part of the 1st Army Corps ( 1st AK ) with headquarters in the city of Ashgabat . In addition to the 78th TD, the 1st AK also included the 5th Guards Motorized Rifle Division ^[2] .

The full name of the compound from now on is the 78th Panzer Nevel Red Banner Division .

Due to the deterioration of Soviet-Chinese relations in the late 60s, the Central Asian Military District was re-formed and new formations were created for the new district.
In 1969, from the composition of the TurkVO to the SAVO , the departments of the 1st AK and 78th etc. On the basis of the management of the 1st AK , the 32nd Combined Arms Army (32th OA) is being formed, which will become the basis of the ground forces subordinate to SAVO .
78th TD will be relocated to the city ​​of Ayaguz of the Kazakh SSR .

Due to the need to create a new motorized rifle division, the 374th Stryevsky Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky motorized rifle regiment (until 1957 - the 139th mechanized regiment of the 15th tank division) was sent from the 78th TD to the East Kazakhstan Region, on the basis of which it was The 155th motorized rifle division was created .

In return for the 374th regiment that had left the 78th TD for the division from the 5th Guards. IDF transmit 369th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment (369th Guards. MSP). Instead of the departed 369th Guards. SME in the 5th Guards. ISD includes the 101st motorized rifle regiment , formed in the LenVO on the basis of the 45th guards motorized rifle division ^[3] .

Composition of the 78th TD by 1987 ^{[2] [4] [5]} :

• Office 78th TD - military unit 05325, Ayaguz
• 143rd Tank Regiment - military unit 01287, Aktogay (on T-62 )
• 156th Tank Regiment - military unit 01221, Ayaguz (on T-62 )
• 180th Tank Regiment - military unit 10810, Ayaguz (on T-62 )
• 369th Guards Prague Order of Kutuzov 2nd degree Motorized Rifle Regiment - military unit 40398, Usharal and Druzhba (on BMP-1 ) ( see note )
• 1030th self-propelled artillery regiment - military unit 10181, Usharal and (on 2С3 and BM-21 )
• 1144th anti-aircraft missile regiment - military unit 20709, Aktogay (at the Cube air defense system )
• 345th separate missile division - military unit 67734, Ayaguz (on Luna-M 9K52 )
• 103rd separate engineering and combat engineer battalion - military unit 30624, Ayaguz
• 194th Separate Communication Battalion - military unit 21106, Ayaguz
• 85th separate reconnaissance battalion - military unit 21035, Ayaguz
• separate repair and restoration battalion - military unit 62983, Ayaguz
• Separate material support battalion - military unit 10984, Ayaguz
• 546th separate chemical protection battalion - military unit 11573, Ayaguz
• Separate automobile battalion - military unit 31431, Ayaguz
• separate medical battalion - military unit 01287, Aktogay
• 248th Battery Control and Artillery Intelligence - Ayaguz
• curfew company - Ayaguz

Note : 1st Motorized Rifle Battalion, 369th Guards. SMEs throughout the Soviet period since May 1969 was in the village of Friendship on the border with China on the strengthening of border units ^[6] .

On May 7, 1992, the 78th TD came under the jurisdiction of Kazakhstan .

On May 14, 1999, the division was reorganized from the 78th Panzer into the 3rd Mechanized Division. The full name of the division after the reorganization: 3rd Mechanized Nevel Red Banner Division . At the same time, the 180th tank regiment (military unit 18010) was renamed the 31st tank regiment . On October 20, 2000, Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 1576 “On the naming and renaming of organizations of education and culture, as well as the military unit of the Republic of Kazakhstan” was issued, which states in a separate clause that the name Kabanbai Batyr is assigned to the Nevelsky Red Banner Mechanized Connection (military unit 05325) ^[7] .

In connection with the transition of the Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the brigade formation in 2003, the 78th TD was disbanded.

On May 15, 2005, the 31st Tank Regiment was reorganized into the 11th separate mechanized brigade .

On December 1, 2007, the 11th separate mechanized brigade was reorganized into the 11th tank brigade ^[8] .

Based on the disbanded 78th Panzer Division , 3 brigades were created (predecessor regiments are indicated in parentheses):

• 3rd Separate Guards Prague Order of Kutuzov 2nd degree mechanized brigade (3rd Omekhbr - former 369th Guards.MsP) - military unit 40398 Usharal ^{[9] [10] [11]}
• The 11th tank brigade named after Kabanbay-batyr (11th infantry brigade - the former 180th military regiment and 156th military regiment) - military unit 10810 Ayaguz ^{[12] [13]} ( see note )
• 34th artillery brigade (34th abr - former 1030th self-propelled artillery regiment) - military unit 10181, Usharal

Note : The 11th tank brigade was formed on the basis of the 180th military regiment, which included the units of the disbanded 156th military regiment, as a result of which the brigade included 5 tank battalions, 1 motorized rifle battalion, 3 artillery divisions and 1 anti-aircraft missile and artillery division. The successor to the 78th TD is considered to be the 11th TBR.
Full name in the state language : 11-shi анabanbai batyr atyndaғy tank brigadasy ( 11-shi tbr ).

• Lobanov - until 1973;
• Suyatinov Alexey Fedorovich - 1973-1974;
• Ogorodnik Sergey Vasilievich - 1977-1979;
• Isupov Victor Vasilievich - 1979-1982;
• Kvashnin Anatoly Vasilievich - 1982-1987;
• Sikhimov, Manas Kamardinovich - 1995-1997;
• Telegusov Makhmut Utegenovich - 1997-2000.

• Kvashnin Anatoly Vasilievich - Army General . Head of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation . Commander of the 78th TD in the period 1982-1987;
• Aslanyan, Alexander Stepanovich - Major General . Chief of Staff of the 78th TD in the period 1973-1974;
• Laaneots, Ants - Colonel of the Soviet Army (1987), Lieutenant General of the Armed Forces of Estonia (2008). The chief of staff of the 78th TD in the period 1981-1987.

• Tank forces
• Armed forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan

• V.I., Golikov V.I., Kalashnikov K.A., Slugin S.A. Central Asian Red Banner Military District // “Armed Forces of the USSR after the Second World War: from the Red Army to the Soviet. Part 1: Ground Forces. ” - Tomsk: Publishing House of Tomsk University, 2013. - P. 551-554. - 640 p. - 500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-89503-530-6 .

• Military camp "South" of the Ayagoz garrison
• The real battle unfolded at the Mailin military training ground of military unit 10810 of the Ayaguz garrison in East Kazakhstan region.