Ramallah [2] [3] , Ramallah [4] [5] [6] ( Arabic) - Ram Allah [7] ; Heb. רמאללה ) is a Palestinian city in the central part of the West Bank , adjacent to El Beer . Located 13 km north of Jerusalem .
City | |
Ramallah | |
---|---|
رام الله רמאללה | |
Administration | Palestinian National Authority |
Provinces | Ramallah and El-Bira |
History and geography | |
Based | XVI century |
City with | 1995 |
Square | 16.3 km² |
Center height | |
Timezone | UTC + 2 , in the summer UTC + 3 |
Population | |
Population | 27 460 [1] people ( 2007 ) |
Nationalities | Palestinian Arabs |
Denominations | christians, muslims |
ramallah.ps (ar.) (English) | |
Since 1993, it has served as the administrative capital of the Palestinian Authority , created as a result of the Oslo Accords and renamed in 2013 by the decree of the PNA President Mahmoud Abbas to the State of Palestine , which is partly recognized as a state.
Population 27,460 people. ( 2007 ) [1] . About half of the population are Christian Arabs , and the other half are Muslim Arabs.
History
In the era of the Judges , presumably, the village of Rama (Ramataim-Tsofim) [8] , which was at that time the spiritual center of Israel, was located at this place - this was the residence of Judge Samuel ( 1 Sam. 7:17 ), where he was born and was buried ( 1 Sam. 1:19; 25: 1 ); here, according to biblical tradition, the first king of the Israelites, Saul , was anointed to reign ( 1 Sam. 10: 1 ). The ancient city stood on the strategically important route from Shechem to Jerusalem, as well as on the way through the Judean Mountains , which connected the Jordan Valley with the Coastal Plain [8] .
The modern city, according to local tradition, was founded in the middle of the 16th century by an Arab Christian family who moved here from Transjordan [8] .
- In 1948, during the Arab-Israeli war of 1947-1949, Ramallah was occupied by Transjordan .
- In 1967, after the Six Day War , was occupied by Israeli forces.
- In 1993, under the Oslo Accords, Ramallah was transferred to the Palestinian Authority.
- In May 2002 , after the end of Operation Defensive Wall , Israeli troops were withdrawn from Ramallah [9] .
- In 2004, Yasir Arafat was buried in Ramallah, where his residence was located for a long time [10] .
- In 2005, a politically neutral Christian woman became the mayor of Ramallah [11] .
Geography and climate
The city of Ramalla enters the zone of the so-called “ Mediterranean climate ”, which is characterized by relatively dry, hot summers and fairly warm, rainy winters with occasional snowfalls. The average annual precipitation according to the Palestinian Meteorological Directory for 2012 was 615 mm [12] ; the minimum annual rainfall in absolute terms is 307 mm, the maximum - 1,591 mm.
According to the Köppen Climate Classification , Ramall is categorized as “ Csa ” (“Cs” means “a moderately warm climate with a dry summer” and “a” means “hot: 23–28 ° C”). The climate of this category is characteristic of the western margins of all continents at latitudes between 30 ° and 45 °, because of the sharply polar regional atmospheric fronts that occur here in winter, providing variable, rainy weather over the coasts with relatively high temperatures. In summer, in areas of this category it is dry and hot due to the formation of a stable system of high pressure areas bordering directly on the coastal strip, where summer pressure is slightly reduced due to cold sea currents generating fogs.
Economy
Ramalla is the official administrative center of the Palestinian Authority, and as a result, the headquarters of influential international organizations and missions of diplomatic services are located here. Numerous international negotiations, consultations and targeted humanitarian investments made in the development of the regional economy after the Second Intifada ended markedly increased the economic potential of the capital [13] .
The construction boom in Ramalla, observed at the end of the first decade of the XXI century, and reaching 8% in annual terms, experts regard as a sign of the nascent sustainable economic growth in the region. Hope for growth is associated primarily with the preservation of political stability, as well as with the preservation of the level of international investment. Ramallah’s economic recovery has attracted residents of other Palestinian cities, where it is harder to find work. The area of urban development in Ramalla between 2002 and 2010 increased by 5 times [14] .
By 2010, Ramallah became the leader of economic and political activity among the territories controlled by the Palestinian Authority [15] During the construction boom at the beginning of the XXI century, first-class apartments, “prestigious neighborhoods” and “five-star hotels” appeared in the city; in 2010, “more than a hundred Palestinian businesses” announced their relocation to Ramallah from East Jerusalem, since there are “less taxes and more buyers” [15] . One of the local businessmen told a journalist that “Ramlella becomes the de facto capital of Palestine” [15] ; the newspaper The New York Times , which wrote that "Ramallah is the de facto capital of the West Bank, " echoes the businessman's statement in its own way. Some Palestinians claim that the prosperity of Ramala is “part of the Israeli conspiratorial plan”, which aims at the universal recognition of Ramala as the capital of the Palestinian state instead of Jerusalem [15] .
Hotel Mövenpick, Ramallah
Shopping center under construction in Ramallah, 2010
Head Office of Bank of Palestine, Ramallah
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 2007 PCBS Census . Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. p.114. (Arabic)
- ↑ Without disclosing details, Ban Ki-moon told the UN Security Council that there was hope for an early cease-fire in Gaza and Israel , un.org, 07.22.2014 - “Ban Ki-moon from Ramallah”, “noted that Ramallah has become”
- ↑ Arab.
- ↑ Lebanon, Israel // Peace Atlas / comp. and prepare. to ed. PKO "Cartography" in 1999; rep. Ed .: T. G. Novikova , T. M. Vorobyov . - 3rd ed., Sr., Seal. in 2002 with diaposis. 1999 - Moscow : Roskartografiya, 2002. - p. 170. - ISBN 5-85120-055-3 .
- ↑ Cyprus, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan: Geographical Map / comp. and prepare. to ed. PKO "Cartography" in 1996; Art. ed. L.N. Kolosova; ed. N. B. Trokhin. - 1: 1 000 000, 10 km in 1 cm. - Moscow: Roskartografiya, 1996.
- ↑ Ramallah // Dictionary of geographical names of foreign countries / resp. ed. A.M. Komkov . - 3rd ed., Pererab. and add. - M .: Nedra , 1986. - P. 297.
- ↑ Instructions for the transfer of geographical names of Arab countries on the maps. - M .: Science, 1966. - 90 p.
- 2 1 2 3 Ramallah - Article from the Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia
- ↑ Israel withdrew troops from Ramallah and liberated Arafat
- ↑ Arafat will be buried in Ramallah
- ↑ A politically neutral Christian woman is elected mayor of the Palestinian city of Ramallah
- ↑ Press the Release by Palestinian Central by Bureau of the Statistics (PCBS) and the Palestinian Meteorological Directorate on the Occasion of World Meteorological Day, March 23, 2013 (Eng.). The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics . PCBS & The Palestinian Meteorological Directorate (March 23, 2013). The appeal date is May 29, 2019.
- ↑ Dhillon, Navtej . West Bank and Gaza Economy: Before and After the Crisis (Eng.) , The Brookings Institution (January 14, 2009). The appeal date is May 30, 2019.
- ↑ Assadi, Mohammed . Ramallah building boom symbolizes West Bank growth (Eng.) , Reuters (August 2, 2010). The appeal date is May 30, 2019.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Toameh, Khaled Abu . Palestine`s New Bride (Eng.) , The Jerusalem Post (August 20, 2010). The appeal date is May 30, 2019.
Links
- Ramallah - Article from the Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia