1493: the discovery of New World by Columbus - the book of American writer and journalist , first published in 2011 [1] . The book is devoted to the worldwide effects of the Columbus exchange , which followed the landing of Columbus in America and served as one of the sources of the current global civilization [2] [3] . The book is a continuation of another book by the same author - [4] and develops the ideas of the book “Columbus Exchange” (1972) by the historian .
1493: Discovery of the New World created by Columbus | |
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1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created | |
English edition cover (2011) | |
Author | |
Genre | Story |
Original language | English |
Original issued | 2011 |
Publisher | |
Pages | 560 |
ISBN | 978-0-307-26572-2 |
Previous |
In the UK, the book was published by Granta Books under the heading 1493: Gave Rise to the Modern World .
Content
Contents
In his book, Mann examines the numerous environmental, economic, and cultural relationships that have emerged between the Old and New Worlds after the discovery of America by Columbus. For example, he examines in detail the following episodes of the Columbus exchange:
- In the 16th — 17th centuries, the export of American silver to the Philippines by the Manila galleons and further to China , which was in dire need of silver for the needs of domestic trade. In exchange, silk and other Chinese goods were exported to America, most of which were then transported to Europe by the Silver Fleet . This exchange led to the mutual penetration of people, animals and plants between America and Asia [5] .
- America - the birthplace of potatoes, the Indians for centuries cultivated hundreds and thousands of its varieties, which guaranteed their resistance to pests. The mass use of potatoes in Europe was based on the use of only a few (often the only) of its species. The homogeneity of the cultivated crop led to a massive death of the crop and a catastrophic famine in Ireland after one of the pests entered Europe from America [6] .
- Triangular trade , as a result of which malaria was brought to America from Africa with slaves. Malaria has become one of the main causes of the much higher mortality rate of Europeans returning to America, compared with Africans, many of whom were immune to malaria. Malaria is transmitted by malaria mosquitoes, preferring a hot and humid climate. The border of their distribution to the north, roughly coinciding with the line of Mason - Dixon , caused the division of states into southern slaveholdings (in which it was more profitable to bring slaves) and northern non-slaveholdings (in which it was more profitable to bring immigrants from Europe) [7] [8] .
- The industrial use of fertilizers ( guano ) and rubber began after the Europeans paid attention to the use of these materials by the Indians and were able to improve their technique [6] [9] .
Reviews
Ian Morris in his review for The New York Times praises Mann’s book: “Even the least promising topics make it sound exciting. For example, I now look at a piece of rubber in a different way, knowing about the rampant 19th century Brazilian nouveau riche drinking champagne from baths and shooting each other on the streets of Manaus ” [10] .
Gregory McName of The Washington Post considers the book "exciting and complex, exemplary in connecting meaningful facts with good narration" [11] .
In 2011, the book was named as part of a survey by The Wall Street Journal “What leaders of global corporations read” [12] .
See also
- Columbus exchange
Notes
- ↑ Mann, Charles C. 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created. - New York: Knopf, 2011. - ISBN 978-0-307-26572-2 .
- ↑ Mann, Charles C. (8 August 2011), In '1493,' Columbus Shaped A World To Be; talking about his book 1493 . Radio Interview with Terry Gross , NPR Fresh Air. WHYY-FM , < http://www.npr.org/2011/08/08/138924127/in-1493-columbus-shaped-a-world-to-be > . Checked September 20, 2011.
- ↑ Mann, Charles C. (September 26, 2011), 1493: Uncovering the new World Columbus Created . Television Interview with Richard Rodriguez , ALOUD at Central Library, Los Angeles Public Library. C-span. Los Angeles, California , < http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/Uncover > . Retrieved January 16, 2012.
- ↑ Mann, Charles C. 1491: Columbus Before the Columbus. - New York: Knopf, 2005. - ISBN 1-4000-4006-X .
- ↑ Mann, 2011 , Chapters 4 and 5.
- ↑ 1 2 Mann, 2011 , Chapter 6.
- ↑ Mann, 2011 , Chapter 3.
- ↑ Barnes, Samuel. Malaria and the Mason-Dixon (English) . The circulation date was September 21, 2014. The mosquitoes themselves could live north of this line, but in that case they ceased to be carriers of the disease.
- ↑ Mann, 2011 , Chapter 7.
- ↑ Morris, Ian . Seeds, Germs and Slaves (19 August 2011). The appeal date is September 20, 2011.
- ↑ McNamee, Gregory . '1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created,' by Charles C. Mann (26 August 2011). The appeal date is September 20, 2011.
- ↑ What do the leaders of world corporations read (Inaccessible link) . Vedomosti. The date of circulation is September 21, 2014. Archived July 1, 2014.
Sources
- Mann, Charles. 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created . - 2011. - 560 p.
- Barnes, Samuel. Malaria and the Mason-Dixon (English) . The appeal date is September 21, 2014.
- Morris, Ian . Seeds, Germs and Slaves (19 August 2011). The appeal date is September 20, 2011.