A crosshead is a regulator of the motion of underwater and aeronautic vehicles of the 19th — 20th centuries, a rope with a loose end (or anchor chain ) that hangs freely from a balloon [1] or a bathyscaphe .
The British aeronaut Charles Green (1785-1870) is traditionally considered to be the inventor of the guideyd. The original aerostat control technique with the help of hyde was developed in the 1880s by the Swedish aeronaut Salomon Andre , but was refuted in practice during his unsuccessful expedition to the North Pole in an Orel balloon [2] .
Application
According to the Sytin Military Encyclopedia , the length of the balloon for aerostat was 60–120 meters (although Jules Verne also mentioned a 150-meter hydrodrop [3] ), the weight is about 4% of the balloon's lifting power, the main purpose being to regulate the softness of the landing: when The guide plane starts to lie down on the ground, the lift of the balloon increases, and its vertical speed decreases. An additional purpose was to clarify the place above which the balloon is located [4] .
In fiction
The technique of using the sidebikes is described in detail in Edgar Poe ’s novel The Unprecedented Aerostat (The Balloon Hoax, 1844) [5] .
Notes
- ↑ Guidrop // Brockhaus and Efron Small Encyclopedic Dictionary : 4 tons. - SPb. , 1907-1909.
- ↑ Kovalev S. A. Secrets of missing expeditions.
- ↑ Jules Verne. Twenty-four minutes in a balloon.
- ↑ Guiderop // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 t.] / Ed. VF Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-islands I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- ↑ By Edgar. Unprecedented balloon / Per. M.A. Engelhardt.