John Canton [3] (1718-1772) - English experimental physicist.
| John canton | |
|---|---|
| English John canton | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Stroud |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | London |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | physicist |
| Alma mater | university |
| Awards and prizes | Copley Medal (1751, 1764) |
Born in the family of a weaver worker. Since 1745, he led a private school in London.
Research on electricity , magnetism , optics , heat . He demonstrated the electrification of air, electrification through influence (electrification of a cylinder when an electrified ball approaches), constructed an electroscope , electrometer (1753).
Confirmed the difference in the resistance of various bodies. In 1759, he established that electrification in tourmaline occurs when it is cooled, in 1760 he discovered that Brazilian topaz also has the property of tourmaline, in 1762 it showed that the electric charges arising from heating of tourmaline are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign.
Member of the Royal Society of London (1749). Twice winner of the Copley Medal (1751, 1764).
He developed a method for producing strong artificial magnets and the first created powerful artificial magnets. Improved the electric machine (1762). In the same year he proved the compressibility of water.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ in some sources - Canton
Literature
- Hramov Yu. A. Canton John // Physicists: Biographical Reference / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Nauka , 1983 .-- S. 125 .-- 400 p. - 200,000 copies. (per.)