The Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “ Russian Book Chamber ” (RCP) is a national bibliographic agency that carried out bibliographic and statistical accounting of publications issued in the Russian Federation , archiving of publications, conducting international standard numbering of printed works and scientific research in the field of book business.
| Russian Book Chamber | |
|---|---|
| All-Union Book Chamber | |
| Administrative center | Moscow |
| Type of organization | Organization for the accounting and dissemination of bibliographic information |
| official languages | Russian |
| Base | |
| Established | |
The world's first public institution created specifically for the registration of print works. The Russian Book Chamber was founded in 1917. A certain quantity is obligatory sent to the Russian Book Chamber (recently it has been possible to submit electronically through a form on the website) copies of each book, brochure, magazine or newspaper. These publications in the Russian Book Chamber are recorded and distributed in the leading libraries of Russia.
In December 2013 it was liquidated, the property was transferred to TASS [1] . Currently operates as a branch of ITAR-TASS.
History
The project for the creation of the RCP was proposed at the beginning of the 20th century by members of the Russian Bibliological Society [2] .
Book Chamber
It was founded on April 27 ( May 10 ) 1917 in Petrograd (formed by the decree of the Provisional Government as the Book Chamber .
Russian Central Book Chamber
In 1920, on the basis of a decree of the SNK, the RSFSR was transferred to Moscow and reorganized into the Russian Central Book Chamber .
All-Union Book Chamber
In 1936, by a resolution of the Presidium of the CEC of the USSR, it was transformed into the All-Union Book Chamber .
Russian Book Chamber
Since 1992, the Book Chamber has again been named the Russian Book Chamber .
On May 11, 1977, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the All-Union Book Chamber was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor for its active work in promoting the book and developing the state bibliography and press statistics.
May 10, 2007 marked the 90th anniversary of the founding of the RCP. The congratulatory telegram sent to the RCP was also sent by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin .
The allocation of public investment in 2009 as part of the activities of the Federal Target Program “Culture of Russia (2006-2011)” allowed the RCP to begin work on digitizing the funds of the National Book Storage.
In 2012, the Russian Book Chamber celebrated its 95th anniversary. The leaders of the book chambers of Belarus and Kazakhstan arrived at the celebrations [3] .
In February 2013, by order of the head of Rospechat, M. V. Seslavinsky, a new general director was appointed to the Russian Book Chamber, and he became Elena Borisovna Nogina [4] .
Liquidation and transformation into a TASS branch
The RCP was liquidated without any preliminary discussion and informing the scientific community on December 9, 2013 by presidential decree No. 894 with the transfer of its property to ITAR-TASS [5] .
As a Russian publisher, editor-in-chief of the Ladomir Scientific and Publishing Center, Yuri Mikhailov, noted in an interview in connection with this event:
| ... Living culture is of least interest to our government, because this culture does not determine the place of power in terms of the requests to which it meets. They do not need culture as a support in making any decisions and in their popularization, maintaining themselves in the political space. Culture, in this sense, does not play any role. ... The problem of the Book Chamber is that it, in fact, indicated the place that today is reserved for culture [6] . |
Some authors also note that the current situation is surprisingly reminiscent of the plot of Ray Bradbury, a genius science fiction dystopian novel “ 451 degrees Fahrenheit, ” published exactly 60 years ago - in 1953 [7] .
December 11, 2013 began collecting signatures in a petition [8] for the cancellation of the closure of the RCP [9] [10] .
The director of the Novgorod Regional Library, Nadezhda Gunchenko, expressed the opinion of library workers:
| As soon as a new book was published in Novgorod , for example, by writer Viktor Smirnov, we sent several copies to the Book Chamber, and from there they in turn entered the Russian State and other central libraries of the country. Who now will take on these functions I can not imagine and I think that ITAR-TASS can not cope with them. Honestly, we all, library staff, are now in a state of shock. I can’t even believe that the year 2014 , declared the Year of Culture in Russia, begins this way [11] . The liquidation of the Book Chamber is a disaster [12] . |
There is no official version of the presidential decision, which came as a surprise to everyone except “improving performance”. Assumptions are expressed about the interest of a number of structures in the expensive real estate of the RCP, which is located in the very center of Moscow (for example, a mansion on the Kremlin Embankment , 1). It is also known that the issuance of international standard book numbers ( ISBN ) is carried out by the chamber on a reimbursable basis - about 1200 rubles for one such number. Given the significant volume of printed materials published in Russia (0.7-1.2 million publications are processed annually in the Russian Book Chamber), the material side of the activities of the liquidated organization is of quite definite interest [13] .
In January 2019, the CEO of TASS appealed to the Government of the Russian Federation with an initiative to withdraw the RCP from TASS due to insufficient funding. A similar request was made by the Ministry of Culture, who proposed to reassign the chamber to the Russian State Library. In July 2019, the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media prepared a draft decree of the President of the Russian Federation on transferring the RCP to Rospechat [14] .
Tasks
The main objectives of the RCP were:
- registration and statistical accounting of printed materials in Russia;
- research for practical activities to create a state bibliography , as well as to provide uniform approaches to this process in libraries and publishing organizations;
- replenishment of the State Archive of the Press of Russia;
- replenishment of the repositories of the largest libraries of the country on the basis of a required copy at the expense of the publisher;
- maintaining state bibliographic indexes;
- issue of the journal "Bibliography" and books of the series "Research and Materials";
- assignment of ISBN numbers to publishers and publications (since RCP is the national ISBN agency in Russia);
- permission to assign books classifiers UDC and LBC .
- development and operation of a state bibliography database;
- Creation and support of the information system “Books in stock and print”.
Structure
The structure of the RCP, in addition to management, human resources, accounting and the economic department, included the following research (NIO) and specialized departments:
- Research Institute of State Bibliography and Book Science;
- Research Institute of GBI on non-periodicals;
- NIO bibliographic databases;
- Research and development of information technologies in the book trade and control over the receipt of a mandatory copy of books and brochures;
- reception department;
- department of reference services and information and bibliographic resources of the RCP;
- Department of analytical processing of serial publications;
- PC coordination and document control department;
- current storage department;
- department of the national book depository;
- sector of international standard book numbering.
Leaders
- 1917 - S. A. Vengerov
- 1920-1921 - B. S. Bodnarsky
- 1921-1931 - N.F. Yanitsky
- 1931-1937 - V. I. Solovyov
- 1940-1942 - Nikolai Sergeevich Korobov
- 1945-1947 - Yu. V. Grigoriev
- 1947 - E.V.Seglin
- 1948-1954 - Trofim Ignatievich Kupriyanov
- 1954-1962 - N. N. Kukharkov
- 1964-1973 - P. A. Chuvikov
- 1974-1984 - Yu. I. Fartunin
- 1985-1996 - Yu. V. Torsuev
- 1996-2005 - B.V. Lensky
- 2005—2012 - V. A. Sirozhenko
Headcount
As of April 2017, 215 people were working in the Russian Book Chamber (ITAR-TASS branch) [15] .
Activities
Currently, the basis for state bibliographic registration and press statistics in the Russian Federation are the obligatory free copies of each publication received by the RCP at the expense of the publishers (their cost refers to the cost of production).
Every year, 0.7-1.2 million publications undergo processing in technological mode using modern electronic means in the RCP. The information received is communicated to consumers (libraries of various levels and profiles, information agencies, research institutions, archives, newspaper and magazine editorial offices, publishers, etc.) by disseminating by subscription state bibliographic indexes (annals), centralized cataloging cards, and organization automated referral service.
As a reference and search apparatus, the constantly updated General Alphabetical Catalog is used , containing more than 30 million bibliographic records of print works published in Russia since 1917. On the RCP website, an electronic catalog of bibliographic descriptions of publications of 1917-2005 with a volume of more than 1.8 million records is available [16] .
The RCP is entrusted with the obligation to obtain, at the expense of publishers and distribution between the main capital holders (a list of which is approved by law, for example, now a copy of each publication received by the RCP must be in the established number in the RSL in Moscow and in the RSL in St. Petersburg) Mandatory free copies of publications and other documents. After registration, bibliographic and statistical processing, one set is stored in the State Archive of the Press of the Russian Federation, which is part of the RCP and represents the most complete collection of prints that have been published in the country since 1917. As of 1970 , it had 34 million storage units; for 2001 - over 80 million
Publications (state bibliographic indexes)
The main bibliographic indexes of the RCP (the so-called annals) covering almost all types of publications include the weekly Book Chronicle , Chronicle of Journal Articles , and Chronicle of Newspaper Articles . Annually, annals of abstracts of dissertations for the degree of candidates and doctors of sciences are published, once every two months - “Note annals”, “Annals of publications”, once a year - “Cartographic annals”.
An important place among bibliographic indexes is occupied by the annual Book of the Russian Federation . In addition, the index “Bibliography of Russian Bibliography”, as well as “Chronicle of periodicals and continuing publications, is annually published. New, renamed and discontinued newspapers and magazines. ”
The data of state statistical accounting of the published printed matter are published in the official publication - “The Seal of the Russian Federation in ... year”, and are also sent for publication in UNESCO publications “Statistical Yearbook” and “Index Translationum” (information about translated publications).
Notes
- ↑ Russian Book Chamber // Great Russian Encyclopedia.
- ↑ Belovitskaya A. A. General book science; study guide . Date of treatment November 23, 2018.
- ↑ The Russian Book Chamber celebrates its anniversary . tvkultura.ru. Date of treatment November 23, 2018.
- ↑ Copyright - The Russian Book Chamber is the insurance fund of our book culture . www.copyright.ru. Date of treatment November 23, 2018.
- ↑ Decree on Measures to Improve the Efficiency of State Media Activities , President of Russia . Date of treatment November 23, 2018.
- ↑ Yuri Mikhailov: “The place that culture today has been assigned to the Book Chamber”
- ↑ citizen812. Help save the Russian Book Chamber! . citizen812 (December 15, 2013). Date of treatment November 23, 2018.
- ↑ Sign the Petition . Change.org. Date of treatment November 23, 2018.
- ↑ In support of the Russian Book Chamber, the collection of signatures has begun . APN - Agency of Political News. Date of treatment November 23, 2018.
- ↑ Book publishing and libraries can embrace collapse . RBC (December 11, 2013). Date of treatment November 23, 2018.
- ↑ Decree on the Year of Culture (Rus.) , President of Russia . Date of treatment November 23, 2018.
- ↑ Director of the Novgorod Regional Library: “The liquidation of the Book Chamber is a disaster” . Novgorod Vedomosti (December 17, 2013). Date of treatment December 19, 2013. Archived December 17, 2013.
- ↑ Effective liquidation (inaccessible link) . BalTpp (December 16, 2013). Date of treatment December 17, 2013. Archived December 17, 2013.
- ↑ Valery Lebedev . TASS discharged from the Book Chamber // Kommersant, No. 116 (6596), July 05, 2019
- ↑ Serafimov M. Century on the shelves // Spark . - 2017. - No. 16 (5463). - S. 10.
- ↑ Catalog of bibliographic descriptions (Inaccessible link) . Date of treatment February 11, 2007. Archived on February 5, 2007.
Literature
- All-Union Book Chamber: On the 60th anniversary of its founding. - M. , 1977.
- All-Union Book Chamber // Book Science: Encyclopedic Dictionary / Editorial: N. M. Sikorsky (ed.), O. D. Golubev, A. D. Goncharov, I. M. Dyakonov , A. I. Markushevich , E L. Nemirovsky , I. M. Terekhov (deputy chief editor), I. I. Chkhikvishvili. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1981. - S. 120. - 664 p. - 100,000 copies. (in per.)
- Glukhov A. G. Russian Book Chamber: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow // Book Publishing. - 1995. - No. 3-5 . - ISSN 0869-6039 .
- Vlasova R.P. Scientific and Bibliographic Archive of the Russian Book Chamber // Bibliography . - 2001. - No. 2 . - S. 88-93 . - ISSN 0869-6020 .
- The Tenth International Conference on Book Studies: Towards the 85th Anniversary of the RCP // Book Review . - 2002. - No. 21 . - ISSN 1609-3127 .
- The Russian Book Chamber and Buck Chamber International publishing house represent ... // Education and Society. - 2002. - No. 1 . - ISSN 2071-6710 .
- Fursenko L.I. Russian Book Chamber // Library Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. Yu. A. Grikhanov / Russian State Library . - M .: Pashkov House , 2007 .-- S. 875-876. - 1300 s. - 3,000 copies. - ISBN 5-7510-0290-3 .