Philip III the Bold

Philip was the second son of King Louis IX and Margarita of Provence . He received his name in honor of his great-grandfather, Philip II Augustus ^[1] . In 1260, after the death of his older brother Louis , he became the heir to the throne.

He participated with his father in his last crusade and was proclaimed king in a camp on the African coast. Immediately upon his return to France, he pacified several rebellious vassals and achieved the recognition of his supreme authority by the Archbishop of Lyons.

At the beginning of his reign, chamberlain Pierre de la Bros , a man of noble birth, enjoyed great influence on state affairs; but in 1278 he fell victim to the intrigues of the nobility, acting on Philip through Queen Mary of Brabant . After the death of Bros, the abbot of the monastery of Saint-Denis Mathieu de Vendome and Seneschal Etienne Beaumarchais rose. In addition to them, the uncharacteristic Philip was influenced by his uncle Karl of Anjou . Yielding to his insistence, Philip put forward his candidacy for the throne of the German Empire, but unsuccessfully; because of Karl, he became embroiled in Spanish affairs, in which defeat and death awaited him.

However, Philip also had his own interests in Spain. In 1275, he defended Navarre from the claims of the kings of Castile and Leon and Aragon , but his intercession for the French princess, who was married to the son of Alphonse X the Wise and deprived of her rights after the death of her husband (1276), did not lead to the desired goal.

Even more unsuccessful was the Aragon expedition undertaken after the Sicilian Vespers at the insistence of Karl of Anjou. Pope Martin IV , a devotee of Karl and Philip, excommunicated Pedro of Aragon from the church, declared him deposed and appointed one of the youngest sons of Philip in his place. The French army and navy, equipped to carry out these projects, failed completely: the fleet was defeated twice, and the army, which was detained in its offensive by the fortress of Girona , became a victim of disease. Philip, who led the campaign, also fell ill and died during the retreat.

In his reign, the possessions of the crown expanded. He took away the escheated Lena of the counts of Toulouse - Poitou , Sentonges , Toulon , Albizhua , Auvergne , Kearcy , Agenet , Ruerg , Vincennes ; through the marriage of the heir to the throne with Jeanne of Navarre , the kingdom of Navarre, the counties of Champagne and Brie were annexed to France. In addition, the accession of Lyon and Montpellier was prepared.

• 1st wife: (from May 28, 1262 ) Isabella (1247-1271), daughter of Jaime I of the Conqueror , King of Aragon. They had 4 sons, two of whom died in childhood:
  1. Louis (1264 - May 1276).
  2. Philip IV the Beautiful (1268–1314), king of France since 1285, king of Navarre after his wife Joan I.
  3. Robert (1269–1276).
  4. Karl (1270-1325), Count of Valois. Count of Anjou, Maine and Persh after the first wife , nominal emperor of Constantinople after the second . From 1285 to 1295, he held the title of King of Aragon.

• 2nd wife: (from August 21, 1274 ) Mary (1256-1321), daughter of Henry III , Duke of Brabant. Had 3 children:
  1. Louis d'Evreux (1276–1319), Count of d'Evreux .
  2. Blanca (1278-1306), wife from 1300 Rudolph III of Habsburg (1282-1307), Duke of Austria, then King of the Czech Republic (Rudolph I).
  3. Margarita (1282–1318), 2nd wife from 1299 to Edward I (1239–1307), king of England.

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  Portrait of King Philip III of France.

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  Gro tournoy , silver coin of Philip III.

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  Wedding of Philip III and Mary of Brabant . Chroniques de France ou de St. manuscript thumbnail Denis , end of the 14th century.

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  The siege of Girona by the French royal army of 1285.

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  The last countess of Toulouse is Jeanne.

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  Tombstone of Philip III at the Abbey of Saint-Denis .

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  Descendants of Philip III