The Ustyug Chronicle Code (other names: Ustyug Chronicle [1] , Ustyug Chronicle [2] - a chronicle compiled at the beginning of the 16th century in the north of the Russian state and having an all-Russian character [3] . The chronicle is preserved in two versions of the text [1] .
| Ustyug Chronicle Code | |
|---|---|
| Ustyug Chronicle Code | |
| Date of writing | XVI century |
| Original language | Old Slavic |
| A country |
|
| Describes | 852 - XVI century |
| Genre | Chronicle Arch |
| Closely related | All-Russian Chronicle Code |
| First edition | Veliky Ustyug , XVI century |
Content
Editions
The first edition, “The List of Matsievich,” is represented by a single list, which is part of a collection of the 17th century , stored at the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences [1] . The first news of the discovery of the manuscript was received from Lev Stepanovich Matsievich, who bought a collection of manuscripts from a second-hand book dealer in 1894 [1] . The description of the manuscript was compiled by its next owner A. V. Florovsky in 1931. Both owners believed that the manuscript is only another list of the Archangelogorodsky chronicler. After World War II, the manuscript was considered lost [2] . Once again, it was discovered only upon receipt of the collection in the Pushkin House [1] . An examination of the text of the list by M. A. Salmina showed that the text is not a variant of the Archangelogorodsky chronicler, but a special edition of the Ustyug chronicles, compiled at the beginning of the 16th century . For the first time the text of the “List of Matsievich” was published in volume 37 of the Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles [1] .
The second edition of the chronicle, "Archangelogorodsky chronicler", has been preserved in three lists: from the collection of the Archangelogorodsky bishop's house, from the library of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra and from the collection of manuscripts of Pogodin [1] . The first chronicler of the Arkhangelsk was published in 1781. The publication was carried out according to two lists: the list of the Archangel of the Bishop’s House (which gave rise to the name of the editorial office) and the list of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. The second edition was printed in 1819, being a reprint of the first edition. In the USSR, the Archangelogorodsky chronicler was published twice: in 1950 [2] , as a separate publication on the Arkhangelogorodsky and Aleksandronevsky lists, and as a part of 37 volumes of the Complete collection of Russian chronicles for all three known lists [1] .
Contents
The annals cover events from 852 to the beginning of the 16th century [1] . The initial part does not find close analogies in other chronicles [3] , however, the information provided in it, according to J. S. Lurie , is not traces of the oldest chronicles, but literary work of the XV-XVI centuries. [3] . The basis is the so-called all-Russian annals of the year 1494 , local chronicles and other sources.
According to M. N. Tikhomirov [4] and K. N. Serbina [2] [1], the photograph of the initial part of the Ustyug Chronicle is a text preceding the Initial Code of 1093 and, possibly, reflecting some kind of chronicles code 60-70- X years of the XI century.
A valuable source on the history of the wars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Russian and Zhemoyutsky (ON) with the Moscow state of the beginning of the XVI century. It contains the most detailed among all the chronicles sources information about the third Smolensk campaign of 1514, the Battle of Orsha in 1514 and others, possibly recorded from the words of Ustyuzhanin, a direct participant in these events or a prisoner of war from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Complete Collection of Russian Annals , Volume 37, Ustyug and Vologda Annals of the 16th – 18th Centuries. "Science" Leningrad branch. 1982
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Ustyug chronicles. (Arkhangelsk chronicler). [Ed. and with the foreword. K.N. Serbina]. M .; L., Acad. Science of the USSR, 1950.128 s.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Lurie, 1989 , p. 67.
- ↑ Tikhomirov M.N. The beginning of Russian historiography // Questions of history. - 1960. - No. 5. - S. 41-56 .:
Literature
- Lurie, Y. S. Chronicle of Ustyuzhskaya // SKKDR . - L .: Nauka, 1989 .-- T. 2/2. - S. 67–68. - 528 s. - 20,000 copies.