David Pines , also David Pines [4] ( June 8, 1924 - May 3, 2018 ) - American theoretical physicist, astrophysicist, founder and director of the Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter, since 1973 - member of the US National Academy of Sciences .
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| Awards and prizes | Guggenheim Fellowship [d] ( 1985 ) Dirac Medal ( 1985 ) [d] Prize Julius Edgar Lilienfeld ( 2016 ) |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 Awards
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
- 5 Links
Biography
In 1944 he graduated from the University of California at Berkeley, in 1948 - Princeton University , in which two years later he received a Ph.D. From 1950 to 1952 he taught and engaged in scientific work at the University of Pennsylvania, from 1952 to 1955 - at the University of Illinois , then, until 1958 - at Princeton, after which he returned to the University of Illinois with the rank of professor. He was the founder and first director (1968-1970) of the Center for Advanced Studies, vice president of the Aspen Center of Physics in 1968-1972, in 1968-1989 he was also co-chair of the Joint Soviet-American Program in Physics, from 1982 to 1996 he was co-chair Santa Fe University. He was a visiting professor in 1962-1963 and 1978 in Paris ( College de France ), Leiden (Lorentz professor), California Institute of Technology; in 1970 he worked in Copenhagen (Pordita), in 1970 and 1978 - at the USSR Academy of Sciences, in 1996-1997 at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, in 1998 in Stockholm and in 2000 - at Trinity College in Cambridge. He is an honorary professor of physics, electrical engineering and computer engineering at many American and foreign universities and an academician of many national and foreign academies, including from January 1, 1988, a foreign member of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the Department of General Physics and Astronomy (Physics). He is also a foreign member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, a member of the American Philosophical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Scientific research is devoted to plasma physics, solid state physics , theoretical astrophysics, quantum theory of liquids, discrete X-ray sources. In 1952, Pines, together with David Bohm, derived an equation to describe the plasma; subsequently, scientists developed on its basis the theory of plasma oscillations. In 1953, Pines substantiated the hypothesis of the presence of collective excitations in metals, which in the theory of metals were called plasmons . Pines also owns the theory of scattering of holes and electrons by optical lattice vibrations. In 1962, he formulated a quasilinear mechanism of interaction in plasma. In astrophysics, Pines' research focuses on white dwarfs and neutron stars .
Rewards
- Guggenheim Scholarship (1962, 1969) [5]
- John Bardin Award (2009)
- Julius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize (2016)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Leidse Hoogleraren
- ↑ https://www.santafe.edu/news-center/news/memoriam-david-pines
- ↑ LIBRIS - 2008.
- ↑ PINE / Faustov R.N. // P - Perturbation function. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 2014. - P. 64. - ( Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004—2017, vol. 25). - ISBN 978-5-85270-362-0 .
- ↑ John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | David pines
Literature
- Temples Yu. A. Pines David ( Physics: Biographical reference book / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Nauka , 1983 .-- S. 204. - 400 p. - 200,000 copies. (in per.)
- Bedell K., Campbell D., Laughlin R. David Pines // Physics Today . - 2019 .-- Vol. 72, No. 1 . - P. 63. - DOI : 10.1063 / PT.3.4119 .
Links
- Pines, David on the official website of the RAS
- Pines David - article from the Great Encyclopedic Dictionary
- Lebenslauf (PDF; 84 kB)