December 20

See also: Category: Holidays December 20

International

•   International Day of Human Solidarity

National

•   Panama - Mourning Day
•   Russia - Day of the employee of the security agencies of the Russian Federation

Professional

•   Armenia - Day of employees of state and national security bodies
•   Belarus - Day of employees of state and national security bodies
•   Kyrgyzstan - Day of employees of state and national security bodies
•   Macau - Foundation Day

Religious

  Orthodoxy ^{[2] [3]}

• memory of St. Ambrose , Bishop of Mediolan (397);
• memory of the Monk Neil Stolobensky (1554);
• memory of St. Anthony of Siia , hieromonk (1556);
• the memory of St. John, the Lenten of the Caves, in the Near Caves (XII century);
• memory of the Martyr Athenodor of Mesopotamia (c. 304);
• the memory of the Monk Paul the Obedient (Adherent);
• memory of the martyress Filofei of Romania (1060);
• memory of the venerable martyrs Sergius (Galkovsky), hieromonk, Andronik (Barsukov), hierodeacon (1917);
• memory of the holy martyr Anthony Popov, presbyter (1918);
• memory of the holy martyrs Sergiy Goloshchapov , Mikhail Uspensky, Sergiy Uspensky, presbyters, Nikifor Litvinov, deacon, the venerable martyrs Galaktion (Urbanovich-Novikov) and Guriy (Samoilov), hieromonks, martyr John Demidov (1937);
• memory of the holy martyrs Peter Krestov and Vasily Mirozhin, presbyters (1941);
• celebration in honor of the Seliger (Vladimir) Icon of the Mother of God.

Until the 19th century

• 1408 - Khan Edigey retreated from the walls of Moscow , ending the last major raid on Russia .
• 1522 - The siege of Rhodes ended with the Ottoman forces. The Knights Hospitallers surrendered the fortress.
• 1699 - Decree of Peter I on the postponement of the celebration of the New Year in Russia from September 1 to January 1 .
• 1792 - Open mail service between the USA and Canada .

XIX century

• 1828 - Canada established diplomatic relations with Russia .
• 1847 - The English frigate died off the coast of Africa . Killed 191 people.
• 1860 - South Carolina withdrew from the American Union and joined the Confederation .
• 1879 - Thomas Alva Edison held a demonstration of the operation of an incandescent lamp .
• 1880 - Skirmish at the Bronkhorstspruit , one of the first clashes of the first Boer War .
• 1883 - The first cantilever bridge between the USA and Canada was opened on Niagara .
• 1892 - Engineers Alexander Brown and George Stillman from the American city of Syracuse (pc. New York) received the first patent for pneumatic car tires .

XX century

• 1917 - The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission ( VChK ) was formed to combat counter-revolution and sabotage .
• 1924 - Adolf Hitler , sentenced for high treason to 5 years in prison, released from Landsberg prison after nine months of imprisonment.
• 1934 - The Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed .
• 1938 - labor books were introduced in the USSR .
• 1963 - for the first time, West Berlin residents are allowed to pass through the Berlin Wall for one-day visits to relatives in the German Democratic Republic .
• 1974 - Ethiopia is proclaimed a socialist state.
• 1987 - after a collision with the Vector tanker, the Donja Pas sank, 4375 people were killed.
• 1989 - Operation Just Cause : US forces launch an invasion of Panama to overthrow dictator Manuel Noriega .
• 1996 - NeXT merged with Apple Computer , development of Mac OS X started.
• 1999 - Portugal transferred the island of Macao to China .
• 2000 - The British Parliament approved the cloning , but only for medical purposes.

21st Century

• 2008 - the first station of the Frunze metro radius, Volkovskaya, was opened in St. Petersburg .

See also: Category: Born on December 20

Until the 19th century

• 1629 - Peter de Hoch (d. 1684 ), Dutch artist.
• 1738 - Claudion (d. 1814 ), French sculptor.

XIX century

• 1830 - Edward Karl Augustus Rome (d. 1888 ), German Protestant theologian, professor of theology at Halle University ^[4] .
• 1836 - Alfred Grandidier (d. 1921 ), French traveler and naturalist.
• 1841 - Ferdinand Buisson (d. 1932 ), French pacifist , Nobel Peace Prize laureate (1927).
• 1862 - Andrei Zayonchkovsky (d. 1926 ), Russian general, commander of the Russian Dobruzhansky army ( 1916 ), military theorist, historian.
• 1868
  • Garvey Samuel Firestone (d. 1938 ), American businessman, tire maker Firestone .
  • Nikolai Bogdanov-Belsky (d. 1945 ), Russian artist- Wanderer , academician of painting.
• 1873 - Mehmet Akif Ersoy (d. 1936 ), Turkish writer and poet, author of the words of the national anthem of Turkey .
• 1878 - Alexander Moravov (d. 1951 ), Russian Soviet wanderer, academician of the USSR Academy of Arts .
• 1883 - Vladimir Henkin (d. 1953 ), actor, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1890 - Yaroslav Geyrovsky (d. 1967 ), Czech chemist, creator of polarography , Nobel laureate (1959).
• 1891 - nun Maria ( Elizabeth Skobtsova in the world; executed in 1945 ), Russian poetess, memoirist, publicist, public figure, member of the French Resistance .
• 1898 - Irene Dunn (d. 1990 ), American actress.
• 1899 - Finn Ronne (d. 1980 ), Norwegian explorer of Antarctica .

XX century

• 1901 - Robert Van de Graaff (d. 1967 ), American physicist, inventor of an electrostatic generator .
• 1904
  • Evgenia Ginzburg (d. 1977 ), Soviet writer, mother of Vasily Aksyonov .
  • Victor Eisymont (d. 1964 ), film director, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
  • Vladimir Levshin (d. 1984 ), Soviet children's writer.
  • Konstantin Sokolsky (d. 1991 ), Latvian Soviet singer, teacher.
• 1905
  • Galina Serebryakova (mind 1980 ), Russian writer.
  • Evgeny Schmidt (d. 1985 ), Soviet neuropathologist, director of the Institute of Neurology of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR .
• 1915 - Gulyam Aliyev (d. 2009 ), Soviet and Tajik livestock scientist, academician, politician, statesman.
• 1921 - George Roy Hill (d. 2002 ), American actor, director, winner of the Oscar .
• 1922 - Ruben Agamirzyan (d. 1991 ), actor, theater director and teacher, People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1926 - Count Otto Lamsdorf (d. 2009 ), chairman of the SPD , Minister of Economy of Germany.
• 1927 - Kim Yong-Sam (d. 2015 ), 7th President of the Republic of Korea (1993-1998).
• 1940 - Telman Gdlyan , Soviet investigator for particularly important cases, later a public and statesman.
• 1942 - Odd Martinsen , Norwegian skier, Olympic champion (1968).
• 1945 - Peter Criss , American musician, drummer of the rock band " Kiss ".
• 1946 - Uri Geller , Israeli illusionist, mentalist , hoaxer.
• 1948 - Alan Parsons , English sound engineer, musician.
• 1960 - Kim Ki Dook , Korean film director.
• 1963 - Helen , Spanish infante , eldest daughter of King Juan Carlos I.
• 1966 - Helen Rollet , French actress (" Helen and the Guys "), singer.
• 1967 - Dmitry Bykov , Russian writer, journalist.
• 1974 - Vasily Slipak (killed in 2016 ), Ukrainian opera singer, soloist of the Paris National Opera.
• 1978 - Andrei Markov , Russian hockey player, world champion.
• 1980 - Ashley Cole , English footballer.
• 1983 - John Hill , American film actor, two-time Academy Award nominee.

See also: Category: Deceased on December 20

Until the 19th century

• 1355 - Stefan Uros IV Dushan (p. 1308 ), King of Serbia (1331−1346).
• 1722 - Kangxi (b. 1654 ), the fourth Chinese emperor from the Manchu Qing dynasty (1661-1722).
• 1774 - Paul Whitehead (b. 1710 ), English poet and satirist.

XIX century

• 1849 - William Miller (b. 1782 ), American public figure, Christian preacher, founder of Adventism .
• 1857 - Vasily Perovsky (b. 1795 ), Russian statesman and military leader, cavalry general.
• 1866 - Ilya Buyalsky (b. 1789 ), Russian court surgeon, embalming of the highest persons.
• 1868 - Nestor Kukolnik (b. 1809 ), Russian writer, playwright, poet.
• 1875 - Mikhail Pogodin (b. 1800 ), Russian historian and writer.

XX century

• 1906 - Maximillian von der Goltz (b. 1836 ), German admiral, participant in the Franco-Prussian war .
• 1917 - Eric Campbell (born 1879 ), a comic actor, the famous Goliath of Chaplin, died in a car accident.
• 1921 - Julius Richard Petri (b. 1852 ), German microbiologist, assistant to Robert Koch .
• 1934 - Nicholas Marr (b. 1879 ), Russian Orientalist, creator of the " new doctrine of language ."
• 1937
  • Erich Ludendorf (b. 1865 ), a German military and political figure, one of the organizers of the Munich and Kappovsky putsch.
  • Stepan Nekrashevich (born 1883 ), a Belarusian linguist and public figure, was executed.
• 1941 - Igor Severyanin (b. 1887 ), Russian poet.
• 1943 - Yuri Tynyanov (b. 1894 ), Russian Soviet writer, playwright, literary critic and critic.
• 1951 - Sergey Ognev (b. 1886 ), Russian Soviet zoologist.
• 1958 - Fedor Gladkov (b. 1883 ), Russian Soviet writer.
• 1964 - Alexander Chizhevsky (b. 1897 ), Soviet biophysicist, founder of heliobiology .
• 1966 - Matvey Manizer (b. 1891 ), sculptor, vice-president of the USSR Academy of Arts (since 1947).
• 1968
  • Max Brod (b. 1884 ), a writer born in the Czech Republic, then part of Austria-Hungary, and writing in German.
  • John Steinbeck (b. 1902 ), American prose writer.
• 1973 - Bobby Darren (born 1936 ), American vocalist and guitarist.
• 1978 - Dmitry Pokrass (b. 1899 ), composer, conductor and pianist, People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1982 - Arthur Rubinstein (b. 1887 ), Polish and American pianist, music and public figure.
• 1984 - Dmitry Ustinov (b. 1908 ), Soviet military and statesman, Marshal of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1989
  • Kurt Boehme (b. 1908 ), German opera singer (bass).
  • Nina Kondratova (b. 1922 ), TV presenter, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1990 - Grigory Rechkalov (b. 1918 or 1920 ), major general of aviation, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1996
  • Carl Sagan (b. 1934 ), American astronomer and astrophysicist, popularizer of science.
  • Amata Kabua (b. 1928 ), the first president of the Marshall Islands (1979-1996).
• 1997 - Judo Itami (b. 1933 ), Japanese director.
• 1998 - Alan Hodgkin (b. 1914 ), British neurophysiologist and biophysicist, Nobel laureate in physiology and medicine (1963).
• 1999 - Sergey Nagovitsyn (b. 1968 ), author and performer of songs in the Russian chanson genre.

21st Century

• 2002 - Groot Reber (b. 1911 ), an American amateur astronomer, one of the founders of radio astronomy .
• 2008 - Olga Lepeshinskaya (b. 1916 ), ballerina, People's Artist of the USSR.
• 2009
  • Murphy Brittany (b. 1977 ), American actress.
  • Leonid Nitsenko (b. 1944 ), theater and film actor, director, honored artist of the RSFSR.
• 2012 - Victor Merzhanov (b. 1919 ), pianist, professor at the Moscow Conservatory , People's Artist of the USSR.
• 2013 - Peter Bolotnikov (b. 1930 ), Soviet long distance runner, Olympic champion (1960).
• 2016 - Michelle Morgan (b. 1920 ), French theater and film actress.

Day of Avmrosiy .

• This day drew a line to the winter holidays of the year: "Avmrosiy came - discarded the holidays."
• Girls took up sewing for the coming life. “Red silk gnaws on a silver field - a girl sews a living” ^[5]