December 15th

See also: Category: Holidays December 15

International

•   International Tea Day .
•   Zamenhof Day ( Esperanto holiday).

National

•   Netherlands , Kingdom Day.
•   Russia , Day of formation of the radio-technical troops of the Air Force of the Russian Federation ( 1951 )
•   Russia , Memorial Day for journalists killed in the line of duty.
•   Ukraine , Court Workers Day.

  Religious

  Orthodoxy ^{[2] [3]}

• memory of the prophet Habakkuk (VII century BC);
• memory of St. Athanasius, the recluse of the Caves, in the Near Caves (c. 1176), and another Athanasius, the recluse of the Caves, in the Distant Caves (XIII century);
• memory of the martyr Miropia of Chios (c. 251);
• memory of the Monks John, Heraklemon, Andrew and Theophilos (IV c.);
• memory of the Monk Ise (Jesse), Bishop of Tsilkansky (VI century);
• memory of St. Stephen Uros V , king of Serbia (1367);
• memory of the holy martyr Matthew Alexandrov, presbyter (1921);
• memory of the holy martyr Demetrius of Annunciation, presbyter and reverend Vera Grafova, novice (1932);
• memory of the Holy Martyrs Alexy (Belkovsky) , Archbishop of Veliky Ustyug, Konstantin Nekrasov, Nikolai Zabolotsky, Sergey Kudryavtsev, Vladimir Proferansov , John Derzhavin, Feodor Aleksinsky, Nikolai Vinogradsky, John Dneprovsky, Nikolai Safonov, Pavel Ponyatitsyn, Preobeli Fodelnikov, Preobeli Fedobenov, Sergei Podobelite Fraud Cosmas (Magda), hieromonks, Rev. Martyrs Margarita (Zakachurina), Tamara (Provorkina), Antonina (Stepanova), nuns; Mary Zhuravleva, novices; Martyr Matrona Konyukhova (1937);
• memory of the Martyr Mary (Zeitlin), nun (1938);
• memory of the martyr Boris Uspensky (1942).

Name Day

• Catholic : Valerian , Maria , Tsilina.
• Orthodox : Avvakum , Andrey , Athanasius , Vladimir , Elena , Ivan , Konstantin , Margarita , Maria , Matvey , Nikolay , Sergey , Stepan , Tamara .

See also: Category: December 15 events

Until the 19th century

• 345 - by Pope Julius I , Saint Eusebius , the first bishop of Vercelli, was appointed bishop.
• 533 - in the battle of Tikameron (Tricamar), the army of the Byzantine commander Belisarius defeated the army of the King of Vandals Gelimer , soon the state of Vandals in Africa ceased to exist at all.
• 687 - Sergius I (Latin Sergius PP. I) becomes the 84th pope.
• 944 - Roman I was overthrown by his sons, hoping to rule on their own, but this caused popular unrest, which subsided only when Constantine was proclaimed emperor. After 40 days, they were exiled to the monastery.
• 1055 - with the formal consent of Caliph al-Qa'im , the Seljuk Turks under the leadership of Togrul-bek triumphantly entered Baghdad .
• 1256 - The Hulagu army launched an assault on the Alamut .
• 1390 - Seville Jews filed a collective complaint against the king about the actions of church authorities.
• 1448 - Metropolitan - Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church, the Council of Russian Bishops placed the Ryazan Bishop Jonah .
• 1589 - Cardinal de Bourbon orders to stop casting coins with the profile of the deceased Henry III and start minting with his profile.
• 1598 - 20 thousand Japanese soldiers from fortresses in Sacheon, Namhae and Koson, under the command of General Shimatsu Yoshihiro, plunged into 500 ships and went to the rescue of the troops blocked in Korea.
• 1649 - The Swedish African Company (Swede. Svenska Afrikanska Kompaniet) or the Guinean Company (Swede. Guineakompaniet) was founded - a Swedish trading company for trade with Africa.
• 1762 - Empress Catherine II signed the Manifesto “On allowing foreigners, except for the Jews, to leave and settle in Russia and on the free return to their homeland of Russian people who fled abroad.” This document declared the main principles of the policy of the new leadership of Russia: increasing the population of the country by attracting foreigners and amnesty of Russian citizens who left their homeland.
• 1791 - the Bill of Rights enters into force in the United States - ten amendments and additions to the constitution of 1787 , which legally enshrined basic civil rights ( freedom of conscience , speech and press , assembly and carrying arms ).

XIX century

• 1821 - The French Geographical Society was established.
• 1840 - the ashes of Napoleon Bonaparte solemnly returned to Paris.
• 1884 - The Watchtower Society is registered in Pennsylvania .
• 1899 - battle of Colenso .

XX century

• 1917
  • By a decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and Council of People's Commissars , the Higher Council of the National Economy (VSNH) under the Council of People's Commissars was formed - the highest central body for managing the national economy of Russia .
  • The Moldavian People's Republic (MP) is proclaimed in Chisinau .
  • The first distinctive sign is introduced in the Red Army - the red star .
• 1918 - in Vilnius, the Council of Workers' Deputies, headed by Pranas Eydukevicius, proclaimed the establishment of Soviet power .
• 1919 - Italian nationalists who captured Rijeka under the leadership of Gabriele d'Annunzio declared it an independent Fiume Republic .
• 1924 - in Germany , a government crisis sets in (until January 15, 1925 ).
• 1925 - Greece agrees to pay the fine imposed on it by the League of Nations for a military incident with Bulgaria .
• 1930 - A military coup against the government fails in Spain .
• 1942 - the battle for Mount Austin, the Galloping Horse and Sea Horse began .
• 1952 - China rejects India ’s armistice plan in Korea .
• 1957 - at a session of the UN General Assembly , the Greek resolution on the right of Cyprus to self-determination was rejected, as it did not gain the necessary two-thirds of the votes.
• 1965 - the first group flight of the American spacecraft "Gemini-7" and "Gemini-6A" ; for the first time in space, four astronauts at the same time ( Frank Borman , James Lovell , Walter Shirra , Thomas Stafford ).
• 1966 - O. Dolphus ( France ) in the Medon Observatory in the era of the invisibility of the rings of Saturn discovered his tenth satellite , named Janus .
• 1970 - the Soviet interplanetary station Venus-7 successfully landed on Venus . The first successful landing on another planet of a spacecraft sent from Earth .
• 1975 - The Soviet Society for Cultural Relations with Compatriots Abroad was created (Rodina Society).
• 1976
  • in a referendum in Spain, voters speak out in favor of a transition to democracy.
  • The independent State of Samoa is accepted at the UN .
• 1978 - The People's Republic of China and the United States agree to normalize diplomatic relations.
• 1982 - The border between Spain and the British overseas colony of Gibraltar is reopened.
• 1984 - the Vega-1 automatic interplanetary station was launched.
• 1989 - the beginning of the revolution in Romania . The population of Timisoara is trying to prevent the deportation of Calvinist priest Laszlo Tökes, a representative of the Hungarian community.
• 1990 - The Supreme Council of the Kyrgyz SSR adopted the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Kyrgyzstan .
• 1997 - Tu-154 crash in Sharjah ( UAE ). Killed 85 people.
• 2000 - The third power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was stopped. Chernobyl is completely decommissioned.

21st Century

• 2018 - a united local Orthodox church was created in Ukraine.

See also: Category: Born on December 15

Until the 19th century

• 37 - Nero (d. 68 ), Roman emperor (54-68).
• 1796 - John Franz Ahn (d. 1865 ), German teacher.
• 1798 - Antonio Guadagnoli (d. 1858 ), Italian poet, participant in the liberation movement of the 1830s and 1840s.

XIX century

• 1802 - Janos Boyiai (d. 1860 ), Hungarian mathematician, one of the pioneers of non-Euclidean geometry .
• 1807 - Auguste Barthelemy Glaz (d. 1893 ), French artist, master of genre painting.
• 1832 - Alexander Gustave Eiffel (d. 1923 ), French civil engineer.
• 1846 - Eusebi Güell (d. 1918 ), Catalan industrialist, philanthropist and politician.
• 1852 - Antoine Henri Becquerel (d. 1908 ), French physicist, Nobel laureate (1903).
• 1858 - Karl Zelinka (d. C. 1935 ), Austrian zoologist .
• 1859 - Louis Lazarus Zamenhof (d. 1917 ), Polish doctor, creator of the Esperanto language.
• 1860 - Niels Ryberg Finzen (d. 1904 ), Faroese-Danish physiotherapist, founder of phototherapy, Nobel laureate (1903).
• 1861 - Per Ewind Swinhuvud (d. 1944 ), President of Finland (1931-1937).
• 1892 - Jean Paul Getty (d. 1976 ), an oil tycoon, was once the richest man on the planet.
• 1900 - Vasily Abaev (d. 2001 ), Soviet and Russian linguist , researcher of Iranian languages.

XX century

• 1903 - Julius Raizman (d. 1994 ), film director, People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1907
  • Oscar Niemeyer (d. 2012 ), Brazilian architect.
  • Nikolai Nikitin (d. 1973 ), Soviet architect, author of the project of the Ostankino tower .
  • Joseph Shapiro (d. 1989 ), Soviet film director and screenwriter.
• 1910 - John Hammond (d. 1987 ), American music producer, musician, and critic.
• 1914 - Anatole Abraham (d. 2011 ), French physicist, pioneer of nuclear antiferromagnetism.
• 1916 - Maurice Wilkins (d. 2004 ), English biophysicist, Nobel laureate in physiology and medicine (1962).
• 1918 - North of Gansovsky (d. 1990 ), Soviet science fiction writer.
• 1919 - Oke Seyfart (d. 1998 ), Swedish skater, Olympic champion (1948).
• 1921 - Alan Fried (d. 1965 ), American disc jockey, inventor of the term rock and roll .
• 1923
  • Uziel Gal (d. 2002 ), German-Israeli weapons designer, creator of the Uzi submachine gun .
  • Valentin Varennikov (d. 2009 ), Soviet military leader, army general, Hero of the Soviet Union, State Duma deputy.
  • Freeman Dyson , an American theoretical physicist, one of the creators of quantum electrodynamics .
  • Victor Shuvalov , Soviet hockey player and soccer player, Olympic champion in ice hockey (1956), two-time world champion.
• 1928 - Friedensreich Hundertwasser (d. 2000 ), Austrian architect and painter.
• 1934
  • Stanislav Shushkevich , Belarusian politician, chairman of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Belarus (1991-1994).
  • Mohammed Aidid (d. 1996 ), Somali military and political leader, self-proclaimed president of Somalia (1995-1996).
• 1938 - Fred Anton Mayer (d. 2015 ), Norwegian skater, Olympic champion (1968).
• 1948 - Ekaterina Shavrina , singer, People's Artist of Russia.
• 1949 - Don Johnson , American actor and singer.
• 1950 - Boris Gryzlov , former chairman of the State Duma of the Russian Federation.
• 1952 - Andrei Razbash (d. 2006 ), Soviet and Russian producer, director and television presenter.
• 1957 - Valentin Yumashev , Russian journalist and politician, in 1997-1998. Head of the Presidential Administration.
• 1962 - Igor Ugolnikov , Russian actor, director, screenwriter, producer.
• 1972 - Sete Gibernau , Spanish motorcycle racer in the MotoGP class.
• 1980 - Yuri Kolokolnikov , Russian film and theater actor.
• 1981 - Roman Pavlyuchenko , Russian footballer.

See also: Category: Deceased December 15

Until the 19th century

• 1675 - Jan Vermeer (b. 1632 ), Dutch painter.
• 1683 - Isaac Walton (b. 1593 ), English writer.
• 1713 - Carlo Maratta (b. 1626 ), Italian artist and architect of the Baroque era.

XIX century

• 1805 - Alexander Vorontsov (b. 1741 ), Russian diplomat, chancellor of the Russian Empire (1802-1805).
• 1848 - Eugene Grebenka (b. 1812 ), Ukrainian and Russian writer and poet.
• 1853 - Georg Friedrich Grothefend (b. 1775 ), German philologist, founder of decryption of the ancient Persian cuneiform .
• 1857 - Sir George Cayley (b. 1773 ), English scientist and inventor.
• 1858 - Evdokia Rostopchina (b. 1812 ), Russian poetess, translator, playwright and prose writer.
• 1867 - Vasily Karpov (b. 1798 ), Russian philosopher, translator, spiritual figure.
• 1884 - Nadezhda Sokhanskaya (b. 1823 ), Russian prose writer and playwright.
• 1887 - Karl Jäger (b. 1833 ), German artist , master of historical painting ; Professor of the Nuremberg Academy of Fine Arts ^[4] .
• 1890 - Sitting Bull (b. Ca. 1831 ), leader of an Indian tribe, who led the resistance to the US armed forces.
• 1897 - Alfons Daudet (b. 1840 ), French writer.

XX century

• 1904 - Roman Kondratenko (b. 1857 ), Russian military engineer, Port Arthur defense hero, lieutenant general (posthumous).
• 1909 - Francisco Tarrega (b. 1852 ), Spanish classical guitarist, composer.
• 1929 - Daniil Zabolotny (b. 1866 ), Ukrainian and Russian bacteriologist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1929), in 1928-1929. President of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences .
• 1938 - Valery Chkalov (b. 1904 ), test pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1944 - Glenn Miller (b. 1904 ), an American pilot and musician: trombonist, arranger, leader of one of the best swing orchestras, went missing.
• 1949 - Alice Bailey (b. 1880 ), American writer, esoteric.
• 1958 - Wolfgang Pauli (b. 1900 ), Swiss theoretical physicist, Nobel laureate in physics (1945).
• 1962 - Charles Lawton (b. 1899 ), Anglo-American actor and director.
• 1964 - Sergey Ozhegov (b. 1900 ), compiler of the explanatory dictionary of the Russian language .
• 1965 - Leonid Grossman (b. 1888 ), Russian and Soviet literary critic, writer.
• 1966 - Walt Disney (b. 1901 ), American film director and producer.
• 1974 - Anatole Litvak (b. 1902 ), French and American director of Ukrainian origin.
• 1975 - Mukhtar Ashrafi (b. 1912 ), Uzbek composer, conductor, teacher, people's artist of the USSR.
• 1976 - Gregoire Caiibanda (b. 1924 ), President of Rwanda (1962-1973).
• 1977 - Alexander Galich (b. 1918 ), Russian poet, screenwriter, playwright, author and performer of his own songs.
• 1979 - Pavel Massalsky (b. 1904 ), theater and film actor, People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1981
  • Mikhail Zharov (b. 1899 ), theater and film actor, People's Artist of the USSR.
  • Karl Strass (b. 1886 ), American photographer and cameraman, winner of the Oscar .
• 1986 - Serge Lifar (b. 1905 ), French dancer, choreographer and choreographer.
• 1988 - Nikolai Sokolov (b. 1897 ), Soviet football player, goalkeeper, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR.
• 1989 - Vanya Shutlich (b. 1925 ), Yugoslav philosopher.
• 1991 - Vasily Zaitsev (b. 1915 ), sniper of the 62nd Army of the Stalingrad Front, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1993 - Panteleimon Nortsov (b. 1900 ), opera and chamber singer, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1996 - Leo Sena (b. 1907 ), Soviet physicist and songwriter, one of the founders of the song.

21st Century

• 2005 - Yuri Kuchiev (b. 1919 ), Arctic captain, the first to reach the North Pole at the icebreaker , Hero of Socialist Labor.
• 2008
  • Anne-Katarina Westley (b. 1920 ), Norwegian children's writer.
  • Valentin Berlin (born 1925 ), cellist, head of the Borodin quartet , People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 2010 - Blake Edwards (b. 1922 ), American film director and screenwriter.
• 2012 - Konstantin Vanshenkin (b. 1925 ), Soviet and Russian poet, laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation.
• 2013 - Joan Fontaine (b. 1917 ), American actress, winner of the Oscar .

Prophet Habakkuk .

• If there is a lot of snow on Habakkuk, then in the summer there will be a good harvest of herbs ^[5] .