December 8th

See also: Category: Holidays December 8

National

• Bulgaria - Student's Day .
• Northern Macedonia - Student's Day.
• Romania - Constitution Day.
• Uzbekistan - Constitution Day.

Religious

Catholicism

- The Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary .

Holy Martyr Peter of Alexandria

Orthodoxy ^{[2] [3]}

- giving the feast of the Entry into the church of the Blessed Virgin Mary ;

- memory of the holy martyr Clement, pope of Rome ( 101 year );

- memory of the holy martyr Peter, Archbishop of Alexandria ( 311 year );

- memory of St. Peter of Galatia, Antioch, Silence (about 429 years );

- memory of the Martyr Magdalene (Zabelina) ( 1931 );

- the memory of the holy martyrs Seraphim (Ostroumov), Archbishop of Smolensk , Gregory Voinov, John of Vladimir, Vasily Pariysky, Cosmas Korotkikh, John Tarasov, Simeon Afonkin, Hilarion Solovyov, Yaroslav Savitsky, Alexander Vershinsky, John Yanushev, Viktor Slavarov presbyters and martyr Pavel Kuzovkov ( 1937 );

- memory of the martyr Nicholas Kopninsky ( 1938 ).

Name Day

• Catholic: Mary , Lawrence .
• Orthodox: Alexander , Vasily , Victor , Gregory , Ivan , Hilarion , Clement , Paul , Peter , Simeon , Yaroslav .

See also: Category: December 8 events

XIX century

• 1832 - in St. Petersburg, at the initiative of Emperor Nicholas I , the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff (now the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation ) was founded.
• 1863 - over 2,000 people died in a fire in the Chilean church of La Campana .

XX century

• 1905 - general strike in Minsk .
• 1914 - Falkland battle . The death of the squadron Count von Spee .
• 1941
  • In Poland, the Nazis first used poison gas to kill Jews .
  • The Japanese invasion of Thailand , Malaya , the Philippines and Hong Kong . The beginning of the Thailand operation , the Malay operation , the Philippine operation and the Hong Kong defense .
  • Hitler decided to go on the defensive in all sectors of the Soviet-German front.
  • The 20th Army liberated Krasnaya Polyana , the nearest settlement to Moscow occupied by the German army .
• 1955 - PACE approved its flag - the current flag of the European Union .
• 1963 - The crash of a Boeing 707 in Elkton due to lightning. 81 people died - the Guinness record, as the most deadly lightning.
• 1968 - it was planned, but the world's first manned flight around the moon by the Soviet spacecraft Zond-7 was canceled.
• 1969 - DC-6 disaster near Athens . Killed 90 people.

• 1972 - The crash of the Boeing 737 in Chicago . 45 people died - the very first disaster of the Boeing 737 .
• 1987 - Ron Hextall of the NHL Philadelphia Flyers became the first goalkeeper in league history to score a goal (against the Boston Bruins ).
• 1987 - Michael Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan sign an unlimited Treaty on the Elimination of Intermediate and Short-Range Missiles in Washington
• 1991 - in Belovezhskaya Pushcha , Russian President Boris Yeltsin , Ukrainian President Leonid Kravchuk and Chairman of the Supreme Council of Belarus Stanislav Shushkevich signed the Bialowieza Agreement on the creation of the CIS and the demise of the USSR .
• 1992 - Decree of the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin on the creation of the Federal Treasury was issued.
• 1999 - Moscow signed the Treaty on the Creation of the Union State of Russia and Belarus

21st Century

• 2005
  • End of the use of locomotive traction in China . On the Jitong Railway, all remaining steam locomotives in the country were extinguished.
  • The incident with the Boeing 737 in Chicago - the plane landing landed from the strip and crashed into a car.
• 2013 - during the Euromaidan, a group of activists of the Freedom Party threw off the pedestal and destroyed the monument to Lenin in Kiev , initiating the Lenin fall .

See also: Category: Born on December 8

Until the 19th century

• 65 BC e. - Quintus Horace Flaccus (d. 8 BC ), an ancient Roman poet.
• 1542 - Mary Stuart (d. 1587 ), Queen of Scotland (1542-1567), pretender to the English throne.
• 1626 - Christina (d. 1689 ), Queen of Sweden (1632-1654).
• 1723 - Paul Henri Holbach (d. 1789 ), French materialist philosopher.
• 1730 - Jan Ingenhaus (d. 1799 ), Dutch and English physiologist, biologist and chemist.

XIX century

• 1802 - Prince Alexander Odoevsky (d. 1839 ), Russian poet, writer, Decembrist.
• 1815 - Adolf von Menzel (d. 1905 ), German artist.
• 1825 - Andrei Beketov (d. 1902 ), Russian botanist, teacher, organizer of science.
• 1826 - Silvestro Lega (d. 1895 ), Italian artist.
• 1827 - Nikolai Gerbel (d. 1883 ), Russian poet, translator, literary critic and publisher.
• 1831 - Fedor Bredikhin (d. 1904 ), Russian astronomer, academician.
• 1832 - Björnstjerne Björnson (d. 1910 ), Norwegian writer, Nobel laureate in literature (1903).
• 1844 - Emile Reynaud (d. 1918 ), French artist, inventor, forerunner of animation .
• 1855 - Vladimir Gilyarovsky (d. 1935 ), Russian writer and journalist, "king of reporters."
• 1861
  • Georges Méliès (d. 1938 ), French director, circus artist, one of the founders of world cinema.
  • Aristide Maillol (d. 1944 ), French sculptor and painter of Catalan descent.
• 1864
  • Anatoly Leonidovich Durov (d. 1916 ), Russian circus artist, clown and trainer.
  • Camille Claudel (d. 1943 ), French sculptor and graphic artist, older sister of the poet Paul Claudel .
• 1865 - Jan Sibelius (d. 1957 ), Finnish composer, conductor, teacher.
• 1886 - Diego Rivera (d. 1957 ), Mexican artist and politician.
• 1887 - Anatoly Anatolyevich Durov (died in 1928 ), Russian circus artist, clown, trainer.
• 1890 - Bohuslav Martinu (d. 1959 ), Czech composer.
• 1894 - Elsie Chrysler Segar (d. 1938 ), American comic book artist, creator of the character of the sailor Popeye .
• 1895 - Armor Buffalo (d. 1984 ), Lithuanian poetess.

XX century

• 1904 - George Orvid (d. 1980 ), trumpeter, professor at the Moscow Conservatory , People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1922 - Lucien Freud (d. 2011 ), British artist of German-Jewish descent, master of psychological portraiture.
• 1926
  • Timur Gaidar (d. 1999 ), Soviet submariner, rear admiral , journalist, writer, son of Arkady Gaidar .
  • Rezo Chkheidze (d. 2015 ), Soviet and Georgian film director, actor, screenwriter, producer, people's artist of the USSR.
• 1927 - Vladimir Shatalov , Soviet cosmonaut, lieutenant general of aviation, twice Hero of the Soviet Union .
• 1929 - Klara Rumyanova (d. 2004 ), actress, singer, master of voicing cartoon characters, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1930 - Maximilian Shell (d. 2014 ), Austrian actor, producer, director, winner of the Oscar and Golden Globe awards.
• 1933 - Lev Borisov (d. 2011 ), Soviet and Russian film and theater actor, people's artist of the Russian Federation.
• 1934 - Alisa Freindlich , theater and film actress, People's Artist of the USSR (1981).
• 1943 - Jim Morrison (d. 1971 ), American poet and musician, vocalist of The Doors .
• 1945 - Evgeny Steblov , Soviet and Russian film and theater actor, people's artist of the Russian Federation (1993).
• 1947
  • Thomas Robert Check , American molecular biologist , Nobel laureate (1989).
  • Gregg Allman (d. 2017 ), American singer, musician, songwriter, member of The Allman Brothers Band .
• 1950 - Dan Hartman (d. 1994 ), American singer, poet and music producer .
• 1953 - Kim Basinger , American actress, winner of the Oscars and Golden Globes .
• 1957
  • Marina Golub (died in 2012 ), Soviet and Russian actress, TV presenter, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation.
  • Mikhail Kasyanov , Russian politician .
• 1958
  • Vitaly Mutko , Russian statesman, president of the RFU .
  • Alexander Vasiliev , French and Russian fashion historian, art critic, TV presenter.
• 1962 - Elena Valyushkina , Soviet and Russian actress.
• 1964 - Teri Hatcher , American actress, winner of the Golden Globe Award.
• 1966 - Sinead O'Connor , Irish singer and composer.
• 1975 - Artyom Mikhalkov , Russian actor, film director, screenwriter.
• 1976 - Dominic Monaghan , American actor.
• 1978 - Ian Somerhalder , American actor.
• 1982 - Nicki Minaj , American singer, rapper and songwriter.
• 1985
  • Dwight Howard , American basketball player, Olympic champion.
  • Megan Duhamel , Canadian figure skater, performing in pairs skating: Olympic champion in the team (2018), repeated champion of the world and four continents.
• 1989 - Jen Ledger , drummer and vocalist of the American rock band Skillet .
• 1993 - AnnaSophia Robb , American actress.

See also: Category: Deceased December 8

Until the 19th century

• 1613 - Adam Zaluzhansky (b. 1560 ), Czech botanist.
• 1706 - Abraham Nicolas Amelot de la Gousse (b. 1634 ), French publicist.
• 1709 - Tom Cornell (b. 1625 ), French playwright.
• 1793 - Countess Dubarry (born 1746 ), the official favorite of the French king Louis XV , was executed.

XIX century

• 1830 - Benjamin Henri Constant de Rebeck (b. 1767 ), Swiss writer, politician.
• 1839 - Dmitry Dashkov (b. 1789 ), Russian writer and dignitary, founder of the literary society " Arzamas ".
• 1859 - Thomas de Quincy (b. 1785 ), English writer.
• 1863 - Natalia Goncharova (b. 1812 ), wife of A.S. Pushkin .
• 1864 - George Bull (b. 1815 ), English mathematician .
• 1876 - Antonio Tamburini (b. 1800 ), Italian opera singer, baritone.
• 1894 - Pafnutiy Chebyshev (b. 1821 ), Russian mathematician.

XX century

• 1903 - Herbert Spencer (b. 1820 ), English philosopher, sociologist.
• 1904 - Vojtech Glinka (b. 1817 ), Czech writer.
• 1907 - Jonas Biliunas (b. 1879 ), Lithuanian writer.
• 1914 - Maximilian von Spee , (b. 1861 ), German admiral, hero of the First World War .
• 1919 - Olga Sadovskaya (b. 1849 ), actress.
• 1924 - Franz Xaver Scharvenka (b. 1850 ), German composer, pianist, conductor.
• 1937 - Pavel Florensky (b. 1882 ), a Russian religious philosopher and scientist, was shot.
• 1945
  • Nikolai Avvakumov (b. 1908 ), Soviet graphic artist .
  • Alexander Ilyich Ziloti (b. 1863 ), pianist and conductor .
• 1953 - Maria Andreeva (b. 1868 ), Russian actress, public and political figure.
• 1957 - Grigory Fedotov (b. 1916 ), football player, captain of the CDKA team, coach, honored master of sports of the USSR.
• 1959 - Sergei Ivanovich Migai (b. 1888 ), singer (lyric baritone ), teacher.
• 1970 - Abram Alikhanov (b. 1904 ), Soviet physicist, academician, one of the founders of nuclear physics in the USSR.
• 1971 - Ernst Krenkel (b. 1903 ), Soviet polar explorer.
• 1972 - William Dieterle (b. 1893 ), German and American director.
• 1975 - Gary Thain (b. 1948 ), New Zealand rock musician, bass player of the band " Uriah Heep ".
• 1978 - Golda Meir (b. 1898 ), Prime Minister of Israel (1969-1974).
• 1979 - Nikolai Gritsenko (b. 1912 ), Soviet film actor.
• 1980 - John Lennon (b. 1940 ), British musician, singer, composer, poet, founder and leader of The Beatles .
• 1981 - Ferruccio Parry (b. 1890 ), Italian statesman, prime minister (in 1945), head of the parliamentary commission to combat the Sicilian mafia.
• 1984 - Vladimir Chelomey (b. 1914 ), Soviet scientist and designer in the field of rocket and space technology.
• 1986 - Anatoly Marchenko (b. 1938 ), Soviet human rights activist, writer, dissident, political prisoner.
• 1988 - Andrei Ershov (b. 1931 ), academician, mathematician and programmer.
• 1989 - Max Grundig (b. 1908 ), German entrepreneur, founder of the Grundig Electronics Group .
• 1991 - Valentina Konen (b. 1909 ), Soviet music historian.
• 1993 - Alexander Koblents (b. 1916 ), Latvian Soviet chess player, honored trainer of the USSR.
• 1994
  • Tom Jobim (born 1927 ), Brazilian composer and singer, one of the founders of the bossa nova genre.
  • Mikhail Kreps (b. 1940 ), Russian poet, literary critic.

21st Century

• 2001
  • Sergey Suponev (b. 1963 ), TV presenter, head of the ORT children's program directorate.
  • Alexander Khmelik (b. 1925 ), writer, screenwriter, editor-in-chief of the Yeralash newsreel.
• 2002 - Yuri Bogatikov (b. 1932 ), Ukrainian pop singer (baritone), People's Artist of the USSR.
• 2004 - Dimbag Darrell (b. 1966 ), American virtuoso guitarist.
• 2005 - Georgy Zhzhenov (b. 1915 ), theater and film actor, People's Artist of the USSR (1980).
• 2008 - Yuri Glazkov (b. 1939 ), Soviet cosmonaut, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 2013 - John Workup Cornfort (b. 1917 ), Australian organic chemist, Nobel laureate (1975).
• 2015 - Mattivilda Dobbs (b. 1925 ), American opera singer (coloratura soprano).
• 2016 - John Glenn (born 1921 ), the first American astronaut to make orbital space flight.
• 2018 - Lyudmila Alekseeva (b. 1927 ), Russian public figure, human rights activist, one of the founders of the Moscow Helsinki Group .

Klim, Klim Cold, Clement, Clementine day.

• On Klim, a wedge wedges a wedge.
• Frost happens on this day, a peasant chases ^[4] .
• On this day, any important business should be started only on an empty stomach ^[5] .
• They say that wolves gather near the hut born on this day ^[6] .
• But if the roosters began to sing early on this day - be a quick thaw.