The Left Ecology Freedom ( Italian. Sinistra Ecologia Libertà, SEL ) is the Italian left-wing political party of the environmental trend, which existed from 2009 to 2016.
| Left Ecology Freedom | |
|---|---|
| Sinistra Ecologia Libertà | |
| Leader | Niki Vendola |
| Founder | |
| Founding date | December 20, 2009 |
| Date of dissolution | December 17, 2016 |
| Headquarters | Via Arenula, 29-00186, Roma |
| Ideology | democratic socialism , eco-socialism |
| International | European United Left / Left-Green North |
| Allies and blocks | Italy. Common Good (2013) Other Europe Italian left |
| Number of members | 34,279 (2013) |
| Seats in the Chamber of Deputies | 37/630 |
| Senate seats | 7/315 |
| Places in the European Parliament | 1/73 |
| Personalities | party members in the category (11 people.) |
| Site | sinistraecologialiberta.it |
Content
Creation
The predecessor of the Left Ecology Freedom party was the Left and Freedom Green Federation ( Sinistra e Libertà ) left- wing socialist bloc, created on the eve of the European Parliament elections in June 2009, at which the electoral barrier of 4% was introduced in Italy. The coalition includes 5 parties:
- The movement for the left (Euro-Communist, split from the Party of the Communist Revival , the leader - Nicky Vendola , 2 MEP)
- Italian Socialist Party (Social Democratic, leader - Riccardo Nenchini , 4 MEPs)
- Federation of Greens (environmentalist, 2 MEPs)
- “Unite the Left” (Euro-Communist, split from the Party of Italian Communists , 1 MEP - Umberto Guidoni )
- “Democratic Left” (democratic socialist, split from “ Left Democrats ”)
However, in the elections, the Left and Freedom coalition failed and was unable to get into parliament. The Greens and the Socialists experienced a split as a result of disagreements over further cooperation in this format.
The party “Left Ecology Freedom” was created on December 20, 2009 on the basis of four of the above-mentioned political structures as a result of the dissolution of the Left and Freedom pre-election coalition, from which the Greens (part of them joined the LES as an association of environmentalists) and the Socialists [1] . In 2010, the National Assembly of the party elected Nick Wendola as the chairperson (at the same time he is the press secretary). The party upholds the principles of the secular nature of the state, supports the requirements of social justice and recognizes the importance of the problems of environmental conservation [2] .
2013 Parliamentary Elections
In 2011–2013, the party gained some success in the local elections: for example, its candidate, Giuliano Pizapia, was elected mayor of Milan.
In 2012, on the eve of the 2013 parliamentary elections , the party joined the center-left coalition “Italy. Common Good ” along with the Democratic and Socialist parties. On November 25, 2012, the first round of the primary elections of a single coalition candidate for the post of Italian Prime Minister took place, in which Niki Vendola took part. None of the candidates received an absolute majority, Bersani and Renzi went into the second round (Bersani won the second round on December 2, 2012). The coalition won the parliamentary elections, but the “Left Ecology Freedom” refused to participate in the government [3] .
Representation in the Parliament of the 17th Convocation
Following the election, the party won 37 seats in the Chamber of Deputies , but from 19 to 26 June 2014 three deputies went to the Democratic Party faction, nine to the Mixed faction, after which 25 people represent the party in the lower house of parliament [4] , including Laura Boldrini , elected March 16, 2013 as chairman of the chamber [5] .
In the Senate, 7 representatives of the party are in the Mixed faction (Gruppo Misto) and occupy all the leading positions in it - in particular, is the chairman of the faction [6] .
2014 European Election
In the European elections on May 25, 2014, the party participated in the European list with Tsipras ” [2] , who in Italy managed to overcome the 4% barrier (received 4.03%) [7] .
Attitudes towards labor law reform
The party sharply spoke out against the reform of labor legislation by both the Renz government and the Democratic Party factions in both houses of parliament, known as the Jobs Act, or Decreto Poletti . On December 3, 2014, declaring a negative attitude to the bill before the final vote in the Senate , representatives of the LES in the upper chamber organized a protest rally, raising posters with mourning ribbons and slogans such as “Jobs Act - return to the XIX century”, “Art . 1: Italy is a republic based on labor ”, and also with the name of the adopted in 1970 [8] .
Creating the "Italian Left"
On November 7, 2015, in the Roman Theater Quirino ( Teatro Quirino ), the creation of a parliamentary group “ Italian Left ” ( Sinistra italiana ) was proclaimed on the basis of LES and people from the ruling Democratic Party , who represented the left wing of the party and did not agree with the reforms of Prime Minister Matteo Renzi ( their most prominent leader is ). Nicky Vendola was unable to attend the meeting due to family circumstances, but he sent his written greeting [9] .
On December 11, 2016, the secretaries of regional organizations sent letters on the party’s self-dissolution, which must be reviewed and approved by voting at local assemblies, and then returned to the national secretariat addressed to Nicky Vendola and the party treasurer. Thus, the decision on the self-dissolution of the LES and the creation of the Italian Left Party is planned to be made without a national convention [10] .
On December 17, 2016, a decision was made on the self-dissolution of the LES and its entry into the party created by the Italian Left [11] .
Notes
- ↑ Paola Bordandini. La spada di Vendola: una risorsa o un problema per il centrosinistra? . - Donzelli Editore, 2013. - P. 15. - ISBN 9788860368393 .
- ↑ 1 2 Sinistra Ecologia e Libertà (ital.) . Enciclopedie on line . Treccani . The appeal date is January 4, 2016.
- ↑ Italia. Bene Comune (ital.) . Enciclopedie on line . Treccani . The appeal date is August 7, 2014.
- ↑ Composizione del gruppo SINISTRA ECOLOGIA LIBERTA ' (ital.) . Camera dei Deputati. The appeal date is August 8, 2014.
- ↑ BOLDRINI Laura - Presidente della Camera (ital.) . Camera dei Deputati. The appeal date is August 8, 2014.
- ↑ Gruppo Misto. XVII Legislatura: Composizione storica (ital.) . Senato della Repubblica. The appeal date is August 8, 2014.
- ↑ Elezioni 2014: Riepilogo Italia + Estero. (ital.) Ministero dell'Intero (25 maggio 2014). The appeal date is August 8, 2014.
- ↑ Jobs act, la protesta di sel in Senato (ital.) . La Stampa (3 dicembre 2014). The appeal date is December 4, 2014.
- ↑ Monica Rubino. Sinistra italiana, Fassina: noi alternativi a Happy days Renzi. Attacco a Bersani (ital.) . La Repubblica (7 novembre 2015). The appeal date is November 8, 2015.
- ↑ Matteo Pucciarelli. Finisce Sel di Nichi Vendola, la difficile nascita di Sinistra Italiana (ital.) . La Repubblica (11 dicembre 2016). The appeal date is December 11, 2016.
- ↑ Vendola traghetta Sel nella "Sinistra italiana" (ital.) . RAI News (17 dicembre 2016). The appeal date is February 19, 2017.