Bartini, Robert Ludvigovich

Early years

In 1900, the wife of Lieutenant Governor Fiume (now the city of Rijeka in Croatia ), Baron Lodovico Oros di Bartini, one of the prominent nobles of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, decided to take up the three-year-old Roberto, the adopted son of his gardener. At the same time, there is information that the mother, a certain young noblewoman, who became pregnant by Baron Lodoviko, threw a son at the gardener's son ^[2] . In 1912, high school student Roberto saw demonstration flights of Russian aviator Khariton Slavorossov in Fiume. They struck the imagination and turned his fate. Bartini passionately fascinated by aviation for life. He owned several European languages. Member of the First World War . He graduated from an officer's school (1916), after which he was sent to the Eastern Front, during the Brusilovsky breakthrough, captured along with 417,000 more soldiers and officers of the Central Powers, went to a camp near Khabarovsk , where, as is supposed, he first met the Bolsheviks. In 1920, Roberto returned to his homeland. His father had already retired and settled in Rome , retaining the title of state adviser and privileges enjoyed by the Habsburgs , despite the change of citizenship. However, the son did not take advantage of his father’s opportunities, including financial ones (after his death he received more than 10 million dollars of that time) - at the Izotta-Fraschini factory in Milan , he was successively a laborer, razmerchik, driver, and At the same time, in two years I passed the external examinations of the aviation department of the Milan Polytechnic Institute (1922) and received a degree in aeronautical engineering (he graduated from the Roman flight school in 1921).

Since 1921 - a member of the Italian Communist Party (IKP), and which gave the fabulous paternal inheritance.

As a former front-line officer, he was introduced to a group that guards the leaders of the Communist Party from the Nazis. The Bartini group also took care of the Soviet delegation led by the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs G.V. Chicherin at the Genoa Conference of 1922.

Work in the USSR

After the fascist coup in 1922, the ICP sent him to the Soviet Union . His path lay from Italy through Switzerland and Germany to Petrograd , and from there to Moscow . From 1923, he lived and worked in the USSR : at the Air Force Scientific Experimental Aerodrome (now Chkalovsky, formerly Khodynskoe Flight Field), first as a photogrammist technician, then became an expert at a technical bureau, at the same time a military pilot, from September 1928, after the arrest of D. P. Grigorovich , headed the experimental group OPO-3 of the Central Design Bureau for the design of seaplanes in Sevastopol , ^[3] first as a mechanical engineer of an aviation-nominating squadron, then as a senior inspector for the operation of the materiel, that is, combat aircraft, then received kombrig rhombuses in 31 years (now non-existent rank, between colonel and major general) . From 1929, he was head of the marine experimental aircraft manufacturing department, and in 1930 he was dismissed from the Central Clinical Hospital for submitting to the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) a memorandum on the futility of creating an association similar to the Central Clinical Hospital; in the same year, on the recommendation of the chief of the air force, P. I. Baranov, and the chief of armaments of the Red Army, M. N. Tukhachevsky, he was appointed chief designer of the SNII (Plant No. 240) of the Civil Air Fleet (Civil Air Fleet). As a production base for the designer, the Plant of Experimental Structures (ZOK) of TsAGI was assigned ^[4] . In 1932, design work on the Stal-6 aircraft was started at SNRI, and in 1933 the world speed record was set at 420 km / h. Based on the record machine, the Stal-8 fighter was designed, but the project was closed at the end of 1934 as not corresponding to the subject of a civilian institute. In the autumn of 1935, a 12-seater passenger aircraft, the Stal-7 , was created with a “reverse gull” wing. In 1936, he presented himself at the International Exhibition in Paris, and in August 1939 he set an international speed record at a distance of 5000 km - 405 km / h.

Based on this aircraft, the long - range bomber DB-240 (later classified as Er-2 ) was designed by Bartini, the development of which was completed by the chief designer VG Ermolaev in connection with the arrest of Bartini.

Arrest and imprisonment

February 14, 1938 Robert Bartini was arrested by the NKVD of the USSR (after the arrest of Bartini in 02.1938, the design bureau was headed by Z. B. Tsentsiper). ^[4] He was charged with having links with the “ enemy of the people ” Tukhachevsky, as well as with spying for Mussolini . By a decision of an extrajudicial body (the so-called “ troika ”), Bartini was sentenced to the usual term for such cases - 10 years imprisonment and five - “deprivation of rights ” ^{[5] [Approx. 3]} .

Bartini was serving a conclusion , together with A. N. Tupolev, in a closed-type aviation bureau of the prison type “Bolshevskaya Sharashka ” (Korolev), then in TsKB-29 , where he worked until 1947 (from September 1946, in combination with the post of chief Designer OKB-86 MIA). ^[6] Took part in work on a Tu-2 bomber, under the direction of A. N. Tupolev , who was also imprisoned. Soon, at his request, Bartini was transferred to the prisoner DL Tomashevich’s group (“Bureau 101”), where they designed the fighter. This played a cruel joke on the fate of Bartini - in 1941, those who worked with Tupolev were released, and the employees of the 101 were released only after the war ^[5] .

As the German troops approached Moscow, TsKB-29 was evacuated to Omsk . In Omsk, at the beginning of the war, a special Bartini design bureau was organized; in early 1942, Bartini was brought from Omsk to Moscow. Here Beria entrusts R. L. Bartini with the creation of interceptor fighter jets. ^[7]

• " P " - a supersonic single- wing fighter of the " flying wing " type with a small extension wing with a large variable sweep of the leading edge, with two-tail vertical tail at the ends of the wing and a combined liquid-direct-flow power plant. Drawings of the aircraft "P" is not preserved. According to calculations, the speed should not exceed 1250 km / h at an altitude of 10,000 m, and the flight duration is 30 minutes. ^[eight]
• The P-114 is an air defense interceptor fighter with four LREs of V.P. Glushko, each with 300 kgf of thrust, with a swept wing (33 degrees on the leading edge), having a boundary layer control for increasing the wing aerodynamic quality. The P-114 was supposed to develop a speed of 2 M which was unprecedented for 1942. The possibility of an interceptor launching from an aircraft landing vehicle at an altitude of 10,000 meters was considered. Estimated ceiling was 24,000 meters. Interceptor drawings are not preserved. ^[9]

In the fall of 1943, the bureau was closed. In the years 1944-1946 Bartini performs the detailed design and construction of transport aircraft.

• T-107 (1945) with two ASh-82 engines - a passenger aircraft - sredneplan with a two-story sealed fuselage and three-tail plumage. Not built.
• T-108 (1945) - light transport aircraft with two diesel engines of 340 liters each. with., two - beam vysokoplan with a cargo cabin and a fixed chassis. Also not built.
• The T-117 is a long-haul transport aircraft with two ASh-73 engines for 2300/2600 l. with. The scheme is a high-profile with a very wide fuselage, the cross section of which is formed by three intersecting circles. It was the first aircraft to transport tanks and trucks. There were also passenger and sanitary options with hermetic fuselage. The draft aircraft was ready in the autumn of 1944, and in the spring of 1946 submitted to the MAP (Ministry of Aviation Industry). After the positive conclusions of the Air Force and Civil Air Fleet, after the petitions and letters of a number of outstanding aviation figures (M. V. Khrunichev, G. F. Baidukov, A. D. Alekseev, I. P. Mazuruk, and others) were approved, and in July 1946 The construction of the aircraft was started at the plant. Dimitrov in Taganrog, where the Bartini OKB-86 was again organized. In June 1948, the construction of an almost finished (by 80%) aircraft was discontinued, since Stalin considered the use of the ASH-73 engines required for the strategic Tu-4 as a luxury and already had an IL-12 plane (although Bartini planned to use these engines for their future uselessness, anticipating the imminent transition of the Air Force to jet aircraft).
• The T-200 is a special heavy military transport and amphibious aircraft, high-flying with a large capacity fuselage, the contours of which are formed by a wing profile, and the rear edge, opening up and down between two tail beams, formed a 5 m wide and 3 m high passage for large-sized freight. The power plant is combined: two piston star-shaped four-row ASh engines of 2800 l each. with. (future) and two turbojet RD-45 to 2270 kgf thrust. It was planned to control the boundary layer of the wing, the chord of which is 5.5 m (variant T-210 ). The project was developed in 1947, was approved, and the aircraft in the same year was recommended for construction, but it was not built due to the closure of the OKB. Subsequently, these developments were partially used in the creation of transport aircraft Antonov.

In 1946, Bartini was released and rehabilitated after Stalin's death (1956).

Further work

From 1948, he worked at the OKB-86 at the Dimitrov plant in Taganrog ^[10] . Since 1952, Bartini - the chief engineer of promising schemes for aircraft in the Siberian Research Institute. S.A. Chaplygin ^[11] . Here he creates a project of the T-203 . The project of R. L. Bartini, introduced in 1955 , planned to create a supersonic flying A-55 bomber boat. Initially, the project was rejected, as the declared characteristics were considered unrealistic. An appeal to S. P. Korolev, who helped substantiate the project experimentally, helped.

In 1956, Bartini was rehabilitated, and in April 1957 he was seconded from SIBNIA to the OKBS MAP in Lyubertsy to continue work on the A-57 project. Here, in the OKB design bureau P.V. Tsybin, under the leadership of Bartini, until 1961, 5 projects of airplanes with a flight weight from 30 to 320 tons of various purposes were developed (projects F, R, R-AL, E and A "). Marshal of the Soviet Union GK Zhukov provided protection to R. L. Bartini among the Soviet top military-political leadership. Almost immediately after his removal from the post of USSR Minister of Defense in the fall of 1957, a number of Bartini projects were closed and work on the P-57, E-57 and some other promising models was stopped ^[12] . “Strategic tri-corners,” in addition to excellent flight characteristics, were to be equipped with avionics , which were the height of perfection at that time. The MAP Commission, which was attended by representatives of TsAGI, TsIAM, NII-1, OKB-156 (A.N. Tupolev) and OKB-23 (V.M. Myasishchev), gave a positive opinion on the project, but the government’s decision to build the aircraft was never taken ^{[Comm. 4]} . In 1961, the designer presented a project of a supersonic long-range reconnaissance aircraft with a nuclear power unit R-57-AL - development A-57.

It was during this period that Bartini conceived a project for a large vertical-takeoff and landing amphibious aircraft that would allow transport operations to cover most of the Earth’s surface, including eternal ice and deserts, seas and oceans. They carried out work on the use of the screen effect to improve the take-off and landing characteristics of such aircraft. The first step in this direction was the small Be-1 , which passed flight tests in 1961-1963.

In 1968, the team of R. L. Bartini from the Moscow region moved to the plant. G. Dimitrov in the Design Bureau of G. M. Beriev ( Taganrog ), specialized in seaplanes. Here, in accordance with the concept of "non-aerodrome aircraft" in 1972, two anti-submarine aircraft VVA-14 (M-62; "Vertically Amphibious take-off") were built. In 1976, one of these vehicles was transformed into an ekranoplan . He received the designation 14M1P . Some time after the death of R. L. Bartini in 1974, work on these aircraft was stopped under pressure from the TANTK ( Beriev Design Bureau), who worked on the A-40 and A-42 flying boats. Awarded the Order of Lenin (1967). May 14, 1997, the day of the 100th anniversary of his birth, in the lobby of the OKB TANTK them. Beriev, a memorial plaque to RL Bartini.

He was buried in Moscow at Vvedensky cemetery (29 site). The inscription on the monument: In the Soviet Union, he kept his oath, devoting his whole life to red planes flying faster than black ones ^[14] .

On account of Robert Bartini over 60 projects of aircraft, including:

• MTB-2 (1930) - marine heavy bomber of boat-type metal construction, under 6 engines with a total capacity of 5,000 hp. The TTZ was defined as: "... Destruction and destruction of enemy ships at berths on bases and on a voyage into the sea. Destruction of the bases of the enemy’s fleet and its fortified coastal areas. Facilitating the landing of their troops and supporting their existing army off the coast" ... (( project) ^[15]
• Steel-6 (1933) - experimental fighter (experienced) ^[16] Experimental high-speed aircraft. The first flight made in 1933. On the plane, for the first time in the USSR, a retractable landing gear scheme was applied. During the tests, the aircraft developed a speed of up to 420 km / h, which is 100 km / h more than any fighter of those years. Many of the ideas that Bartini laid in the design of this aircraft were used in the future by domestic aircraft designers. ^[17]
• Steel-7 (Fall 1935) - 12-seater passenger aircraft (experienced) Multi-purpose transport aircraft. The first flight made in 1937. Design began in May 1934, and in December, Steel-7 was rolled out of the assembly shop. R.L. Bartini was already in prison when the world speed record was set on the plane. ^[18]
• DAR (end of 1935) - distant arctic reconnaissance (experienced) ^[19] Multi-purpose flying boat. The first flight in 1935. Under the scheme, it was a flying boat, capable of landing on water, snow and ice and taking off from them. Work on the aircraft continued until 1940, but despite excellent flight data, it was never registered in the aviation register and was not operated in Polar Aviation. This was probably due to the arrest of Bartini. ^[20]
• Сталь-8 (1934) — истребитель на базе Сталь-6 (проект) Первый самолёт полностью выполненный на электросварке. По расчётам скорость самолёта на высоте 3 000 метров получалась 630 км/час. Самолёт так и не был выпущен, работы по нему прекратились в 1934 году. ^[21]
• Ер-2 (ДБ-240) (лето 1940) — дальний бомбардировщик на базе Сталь-7 (серия(428)) ^[22] Ер-2 бомбардировщик созданный на базе гражданского самолёта "Сталь-7", первый полёт совершил в 1940 году. К июню 1941 было сформировано два полка состоящие из бомбардировщиков Ер-2. Самолёты участвовали в боевых действиях с первых дней войны. Бомбили цели в тылу противника и участвовали в бомбардировках Берлина. ^[23]
• Ер-4 (1943) — дальний бомбардировщик (опытный) Базовой моделью послужил пассажирский самолёт "Сталь-7". Первый полёт 14 мая 1040 года.На самолёт устанавливали дизельные двигатели. Всего было изготовлено 241 самолёт. Широкого распространения в советской бомбардировочной авиации не получил. ^[24]
• Р — сверхзвуковой одноместный истребитель (проект) Идеи, которые были заложены при разработке истребителя, много лет спустя были реализованы при создании сверхзвуковых самолётов. ^[25]
• Р-114 (1942) — зенитный истребитель-перехватчик (проект) Несмотря на внушительные проектные летно-технические данные самолёта, техническая база СССР не позволяла реализовать этот проект. ^[26]
• Т-107 (1945) — пассажирский самолёт (проект) Пассажирский самолёт, рассчитанный на перевозку 40 пассажиров на верхней палубе и 2710 кг грузов на нижней палубе на расстояние 1 200 км. Проект не был реализован. ^[27]
• Т-108 (1945) — лёгкий транспортный самолёт (проект) Самолёт для местных воздушных линий, с двумя дизельными двигателями. Проект не реализован. ^[28]
• Т-117 (1948) — магистральный транспортный самолёт (не достроен) ^[29] Первый отечественный широкофюзеляжный транспортный самолёт. По проекту он должен был перевозить танки и грузовики. В десантном варианте самолёт мог перевозить 80 полностью экипированных бойцов. Проект самолёта был утвержден и в 1946 году началась его постройка. Однако в июле 1948 года проект был закрыт. ^[thirty]
• Т-200 (1947) — тяжёлый военно-транспортный и десантный самолёт (проект) Высокоплан с фюзеляжем большой ёмкости, который идеально подходил для погрузки крупногабаритных грузов. Проект был утвержден и рекомендован к постройке, но так и не был построен. ^[31]
• Т-203 (1952) — сверхзвуковой самолёт с оживальным крылом (проект) Р.Л. Бартини в 1955 году представил проект сверхзвуковой летающей лодки-бомбардировщика средней дальности. Этот самолёт мог пополнять запасы топлива в океане с надводных кораблей и подводных лодок. Несмотря на положительное заключение МАП проект не был реализован. ^[32]
• Т-210 — вариант Т-200 (проект)
• Т-500 — тяжёлый транспортный экранолёт (проект) ОКБ Бартини выиграло конкурс на создание тяжелых экранопланов. На гидроканале ЦАГИ испытывали модели двух вариантов: военного и пассажирского. Бартини считал этот проект перспективным для полётов над океаном. Но смерть конструктора не позволила реализовать этот проект. ^[33]
• А-55 (1955) — бомбардировщик — летающая лодка средней дальности (проект) ^[34] Концепция этого самолёта была заложена при проектировании Т-203. Проект А-55 был закончен в 1955 году. Согласно расчётам самолёт имел скорость 2 500 км/час и дальность 10 000 км. Несмотря на то, что проект был одобрен, в МАП решили, что в настоящее время он не осуществим. ^[35]
• А-57 (1957) — стратегический бомбардировщик — летающая лодка (проект), дальность 14000 км ^[36] Дальнейшее развитие проекта А-55. А-57 представлял собой гидро-самолёт амфибию и и тяжелый управляемый реактивный снаряд, располагавшийся на самолёте носителе. Проект не был осуществлен. ^[37]
• Е-57 — (проект) гидросамолёт-бомбардировщик, носитель крылатой ракеты К-10 и ядерной бомбы. Экипаж — 2 человека. По конструкции самолёт был идентичен А-57. Бесхвостка. Дальность — 7000 км ^[38] . Разработан в 1957 году. Для посадки на лед использовалась посадочная лыжа. Поддержку проект не получил. ^[39]
• Р-57(Ф-57) — сверхзвуковой фронтовой бомбардировщик (проект), развитие проекта А-57 Фронтовой бомбардировщик весом 25 тонн с крейсерской скоростью 2 500 км/час дальностью до 3 000 км . Бомбовая нагрузка 1 500 кг. Проект был принят, для постройки определили завод, однако в связи с сокращением вооруженных сил и переориентировки на выпуск ракетной техники проект был закрыт. ^[40]
• Р-АЛ (1961) — дальний разведчик с ядерной силовой установкой (проект), .Спроектирован на базе А-57 с ядерной силовой установкой, конструкции Люльки. ^[41]
• Бе-1 (1961) — лёгкая амфибия (опытный — для исследования экранного эффекта) Первый полёт совершил в 1964 году. Всего было совершено 15 полётов. Затем все работы по проекту были свернуты. ^[42]
• МВА-62 (1962) — проект самолёта-амфибии с вертикальным взлётом и посадкой. МВА-62 имел катамаранную схему, что обеспечивало устойчивость на плаву при волнении до 5 балов. Проект предусматривал взлёт-посадку на воду,или сушу практически в любом месте. Однако этот проект не удалось воплотить в жизнь, но идеи заложенные в проекте были использованы в дальнейшем при проектировании и производстве самолётов-амфибий. ^[43]
• ВВА-14 М-62 (1972) — вертикально взлетающая амфибия — противолодочный экранолёт (модификация 14М1П) ^[44] Воплощенная в жизнь концепция " безаэродромных самолётов", результат много-летнего исследования Бартини - "Теория межконтинентального транспорта Земли". Было построено 2 противолодочных самолёта ВВА-14, которые совершали полёты. Это был последний проект в жизни Р.Л. Бартини. ^[45]

• Королёв скульптору Файдыш-Крандиевскому : «Мы все обязаны Бартини очень и очень многим, без Бартини не было бы спутника. Его образ вы должны запечатлеть в первую очередь»
• Yakovlev : “What are we making noise here? We have Bartini, and we will entrust the problem to him! Well, if he does not solve it, then it is fundamentally unsolvable ... "
• At the age of 60, Bartini was notable for his external attractiveness: classical features, a sporty, taut figure. The poetess N. V. Obraztsova, who worked in the TRTI (now TTI SFU ), said of him: "It was a real Roman."
• Somehow Bartini asked M. P. Simonov : can one lagging system catch up with another that has gone far ahead? It was about the United States and the USSR. Simonov admitted that he did not believe in this. Bartini said: “And if you run across the path?” ^[46]

The method of the invention developed by Bartini was called "AND - AND" from the principle of combining mutually exclusive requirements: "And then, and more." He argued, "... that mathematics of the birth of ideas is possible." Bartini did not leave a place for insight, chance in such obviously unstable systems as airplanes ; only strict calculation. For the first time, Bartini reported about this his logical-mathematical study at a meeting in the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) in 1935 .

Indicative is one of the prognostic developments of Bartini, which has an external similarity with morphological analysis . After all the significant characteristics of all types of transport were summarized into three generalized indicators and a three-dimensional “ morphological box ” was built on their basis, it became extremely clear that the current types of transport occupy an insignificant part of the “box” volume. The limiting degree of perfection ( ideality ) of transport based on well-known principles has been clarified. It turned out that only EKRs (or WIGs ) with vertical takeoff and landing are capable of possessing the best ratio of all characteristics. So it was received in no way lost its relevance. and today the forecast development of vehicles. According to American experts, thanks to this, the USSR went 10 years forward in the direction of the EKP ( Alekseev R. Ye. , Nazarov V. V.), having achieved an unbelievable payload.

The term “ Bartini effect ” is found in the literature on aerodynamics .

Bartini is primarily known as an outstanding aircraft designer, whom the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper even referred to as “The Genius of Foresight” ^[47] . But he also, after a series of approvals and support from Academician B. Pontecorvo , published an article on theoretical physics ^{[48] [49]} in the journal Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR in 1965, the style and content of which were unusual and seemed so meaningless, that the scientific community considered it a humorous joke.

In particular, the distinguished mathematician V.I. Arnold writes in his memoirs (quoting the first sentence of Bartini’s article somewhat incorrectly):

After the publication of Bartini’s article, Bruno Pontecorvo received letters from several “madmen” at once who reproached him for stealing ideas from them, and also received a call from the Department of Science of the CPSU Central Committee and wondered if this article was a hoax - with such a complaint applied some math to count joke insult put in the magazine ^[51] Doctor of physical and Mathematical Sciences, B. Stern in an article from 2008 said article Bartini a witty practical joke or a sad story, "when talented people in their field loses reference points "and with his head immersed in the crazy research in search of the foundations of the Universe." He also mentions numerous attempts to “decipher” the article, attributing meaning to formulas and phrases, conjecture “omitted for brevity” fragments ^[52] .

However, not all scientists are so categorical, in particular, theoretical physicist Mikhail Shifman ^[53] considers the article to be underestimated and meaningful from the point of view of string theory, nevertheless, very confusingly written ^[54] .

However, a full-fledged scientific assessment of the article has not yet been given, but it is published mainly on the websites of the Russian followers of Roerich and the Academy of Trinitarianism ^[55] .

Bartini also published an article on the same topic in 1966: “On some relations between physical constants,” in issue 1 of the journal Theory of Gravity and Elementary Particles. The content of the article was an extended version of the first article.

In 1974, an article was posthumously published in a thematic collection of seminar reports, in collaboration with P. G. Kuznetsov , she presented an extension of the author’s ideas ^{[56] [57]} :

• PO di Bartini, P. G. Kuznetsov. The multiplicity of geometries and the multiplicity of physicists. // Simulation of dynamic systems. Theoretical modeling questions. issue 2. Proceedings of the seminar "Cybernetics of electric power systems." Bryansk. - 1974.

Modern followers of Bartini argue that he created "a unique theory of the six-dimensional world of space and time, which was called the World of Bartini" ^[58] According to them, in contrast to the traditional model with 4 dimensions (three dimensions of space and one time), this world is built on six orthogonal axes. According to the followers of this theory, all the physical constants that Bartini analytically (and not empirically, as was done for all known constants) calculated for this world, coincide with the physical constants of our real world. Also, according to the followers of the theory, Bartini was engaged in the analysis of the dimensions of physical quantities — an applied discipline, the beginning of which was laid at the beginning of the 20th century by N. A. Morozov . Bartini, according to his modern followers, relied on the research of J. Burniston Brown on the theory of dimension ^[58] .

The atmosphere of total secrecy in the Soviet aircraft industry has limited the use of this method of forecasting ^{[ clarify ]} only a narrow group of "authorized" specialists. Since 1972, materials on R. L. Bartini have been studied at the Institute of the History of Natural Science and Technology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the N. Ye. Zhukovsky Scientific Memorial Museum. More details about this person can be found in the book I. Chutko "Red Planes" (M. Ed. political literature, 1978) and in the collection "The Bridge through Time", (M., 1989 g.).

After the war, applied dialectical logic was re-opened and independently opened by the Baku-based naval engineer, Heinrich Saulovich Altshuller, and again with reference to invention . The method is called TRIZ - the theory of solving inventive problems. According to another version, G. Altshuller was a student of R. Bartini in the secret school "Aton" , where he became acquainted with the method "AND - AND". In contrast to the “ AND - And ” method, TRIZ was completely open to the public. Dozens of books were published on it (“Creativity as an exact science”, “Find an idea ...”, etc.), hundreds of training seminars were held.

• Diakoptika
• Rooster (article)
• Kuznetsov, Pobisk Georgievich
• The hoax of Zocal
• Ekranoplan
• Bartini effect

• Chutko I., E. Red airplanes. - M .: Izd. watered Literature, 1978. - 132 p. - 100,000 copies [6] [7]
• Chutko I., E. Red airplanes. // Bridge through time: Sat. - M .: Politizdat, 1989. - 333 p. - 100,000 copies - ISBN 5-250-00805-4
• Tikhonov S. G. The defense enterprises of the USSR and Russia: in 2 tons . - M .: TOM, 2010. - T. 1. - 608 p. - 1000 copies - ISBN 978-5-903603-02-2 .
• Tikhonov S. G. The defense enterprises of the USSR and Russia: in 2 tons . - Moscow : Tom, 2010. - T. 2. - 608 p. - 1000 copies - ISBN 978-5-903603-03-9 .
• R. Bartini, P. Kuznetsov. Simulation of dynamic systems. - Bryansk, 1974.
• Robert Oros de Bartini . The relationship between physical quantities. // Problems of the theory of gravity and elementary particles. - M .: Atomizdat , 1966. Issue 1.
• Robert Oros de Bartini . Some relations between physical constants. / Reports of the USSR Academy of Sciences. 1965. Volume 163, No. 4.
• Ciampaglia Giuseppe La vita e gli aerei di Roberto Bartini (Life and airplanes by Roberto Bartini). - Istituto Bibliografico Napoleone (IBN Editore), Roma, Italy, 2009. - ISBN 8875650764, ISBN 9788875650766
• Champilia Giuseppe, Lavrishchev D.S. Robert Bartini. - M .: VIAM, 2016. - 220 p. - 1500 copies - ISBN 978-5-905217-09-8
• Robert L. Bartini, A. N. Maslov. "Robert Oros di Bartini - Soviet aircraft designer, theoretical physicist, philosopher: articles on physics and philosophy." Ed. journals “Self-education”, 221 p., 2009. ISBN 5-87140-286-0 , ISBN 978-5-87140-286-3
• V.P. Kaznevsky , K.P. Osminin. "Robert Ludvigovich Bartini: 1897-1974". Scientific and biographical series, scientific and biographical literature, ed. "Science", 85 p., 1997. ISBN 5-02-007141-2 , ISBN 978-5-02-007141-4
• Robert Bartini, Central Aero-Hydrodynamic Institute named after prof. N. E. Zhukovsky, Taganrog Aviation Scientific-Technical Complex. G. M. Beriev, Scientific and Memorial Museum of N. E. Zhukovsky. "Scientific readings dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of R. L. Bartini: a collection of reports." Ed. State Research Center TsAGI, 62 p., 1997
• Yakubovich N.V. Airplanes R. L. Bartini. - M .: Russian Aviation Society (Rusavia), 2006. - 108 p. - 1000 copies - ISBN 5-900078-51-5
• Yakubovich N.V. The Great Bartini. "Voland" Soviet aviation. - M .: Eksmo, 2013. - 254 p. - 2000 copies - ISBN 978-5-699-68478-6

Memories of Bartini

• Unnecessary aircraft - Memoirs of N. A. Pogorelov - Deputy R. L. Bartini during the period of work on VVA-14,
• Robert Bartini (1897–1974) International Institute of Nature, Society and Man “Dubna”
• Memories of the daughter of Colonel Rozhkova E. E. And , Natalia Rozhkova.

About Bartini

• http://www.testpilot.ru/review/kb/bartini.htm
• Yuri Kaminsky . Odyssey of “RED BARON” // Technique - youth , № 6, 2000.
• Bartini - Forerunner of the golden age. I. Chutko, “Around the World”, No. 12 (2759), 2003
• Robert Bartini (Robert Bartini)
• http://www.sergib.agava.ru/russia/bartini/bartini.htm
• Sergey and Olga Buzinovsky. On the mysterious fate of Robert Bartini
• Kudryavtsev A. Robert Bartini
• [8] Yu. Avdeev, (2008), Genius of foresight, “Red Star”. Retrieved 22-Oct-2010 from
•   Documentary film “Bartini Code. The Mystery of the Red Baron "Wings of Russia"

Fiction

• Buzinovskaya O. I., Buzinovsky S. B., Mystery of Voland 2003, 2006. Criticism: The Red Baron (not available link) , Sergey Berezhnoy. Texts that play games ,
• Olga un Sergejs Buzinovski. Volanda noslēpuns. 2008. Avots. 21.5 x 15 cm; 588 lpp. [9]
• Romanov Roman, MMIX - Year of the Bull 2009.

Bartini Aircraft

• Aircraft Bartini
• RL Bartini's aircraft
• http://airbase.ru/hangar/russia/bartini/planes/

About Bartini's Works

• R. O. di Bartini, P. G. Kuznetsov. The multiplicity of geometries and the multiplicity of physicists .
• Collaborations of P. G. Kuznetsov and P. L. Bartini .
• G. Smirnov. The numbers that transformed the world .
• A. S. Chuev. The fundamental physical constants are the interrelation of dimensions and the unity of numerical values ​​in the system of dimensions LT .
• S.S. Gershtein. Memories and reflections on Bruno Pontecorvo .
• Odyssey of the "Red Baron" .
• Yu. E. Savinsky "Bartini - to overcome the inevitable . "