Ramot, Ivan Matveevich

Estonian by nationality, while Orthodox . From a peasant family from the Ratsgof volost of the Yuryev district of Livonia province. Graduate of the Goldingen Teachers 'Seminary and the Vilnius Teachers' Institute. Subsequently, he studied at the Agricultural Institute in Finland. In 1899 in St. Petersburg he married Maria Tamm (1872, Tarvastu - 1966, New York), they have a son Ilmar (1900, Koenigsberg - 1991, Broomfield ), later became an agronomist and politician. In the years 1899-1901 he was on an internship at the University of Leipzig and Königsberg ; He defended his thesis for a doctorate in philosophy on the topic "Beiträge zur Bakterienflora des Edamer-Käses" (The role of the bacterial flora in Edam cheese). In 1902-1904 he trained in Kiel and again in Leipzig , then in Denmark and Sweden . Agronomist, dairy specialist.

In 1905 he returned to his homeland, after which he reorganized the Alexander School into an agricultural school. He was engaged in agriculture, advocated for the development of dairy production and the creation of dairy associations. Arrested in 1906, spent 6 months in prison. In 1906-1910 he taught at the agricultural courses of the Alexander School. In 1910 he acquired the Sakh-Kapuu farm near Yuryev . Since 1911, the founder and director of private women's agricultural courses in Sah Kapuu. Member of the Constitutional Democratic Party. He owned land (100 acres) and a brick factory. Married, had a son.

On October 25, 1912 he was elected to the State Duma of the IV convocation from the congress of commissioners from the volosts of the Livonia province . He was a member of the Constitutional Democratic Faction. Member of the land, agricultural commissions, commissions on local government, to combat German dominance. Rapporteur of the Agricultural Commission. Member of the Progressive Block.

During the February Revolution, a member of the Military Commission of the Provisional Committee of the State Duma (VKGD), controlled the protection of the State Bank. In early March 1917 - Assistant Commissar of the All-Ukrainian State Duma of the State Duma on the State Secretariat of the Grand Duchy of Finland F. I. Rodichev ; after March 8, the commissar of the All-Russian Civil Service and the Provisional Government in Reval

From July 3 to October 24, 1917 - Chairman of the Provisional Zemstvo Board, in fact the head of the Provisional Government in Estonia. In 1918-1919, Minister of Agriculture and Food of the Estonian Provisional Government, then - Deputy Minister. In 1919, the organizer and first chairman of the Estonian Society of Agronomists. Since 1926 he directed the Yanedam Agricultural School.

Cavalier of the Estonian Cross of Liberty 3 class 1 degree ^[1] .

• State Duma of the Russian Empire: 1906-1917. B. Yu. Ivanov, A.A. Komzolova, I.S. Ryakhovskaya. Moscow. ROSSPEN. 2008.S. 518.
• Boyovich M. M. Members of the State Duma (Portraits and biographies. Fourth convocation. M., 1913 S. 162 .
• Fourth State Duma: Portraits and biographies. SPb., 1913;
• 4th convocation of the State Duma: Art phototypic album with portraits and biographies. SPb., 1913;
• Nikolaev A. B. Commissars of the Provisional Committee of the State Duma (February - March 1917): Personnel // From the depths of time. SPb., 1995. No. 5;
• Estonian Biographical Dictionary. Tallinn, 2002. S. 271-272.
• Russian State Historical Archive. Fund 1278. Inventory 9. Case 656.