Capua , Capua ( Italian: Capua ) - a city and a fortress in southern Italy on the left bank of the Volturno River in the province of Caserta in Campania.
| Capua | |
|---|---|
| Capua | |
| A country |  Italy |
| Region | Campaign |
| Provinces | Caserta |
| History and Geography | |
| Square | |
| Center height | |
| Timezone | and |
| Population | |
| Population | 43,139 people ( 2,000 ) |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +39 0823 |
| Postcode | |
| Car code | |
Sightseeing: the ancient (from 860) Cathedral of St. Stephen, with statues of Bernini and the famous sarcophagus, depicting the hunting of Meleager; the temple of St. Markell, in which the Lombard and Norman sovereigns were crowned; Museo Campano, with a rich collection of antique and medieval antiquities. 43,139 residents ( 2000 ). 4 km southeast, in Santa Maria Capua Veter , are the ruins of ancient Capua: the remains of a grand amphitheater for 60,000 people, which was 170 meters long, 140 meters wide and 46 meters high; the triumphal arch, Roman tombs, the Church of the Holy Angel on the site of the temple of Diana Tifatinsky (at the bottom of Monte Tifat).
Patrons of the city venerate St. Agatha and St. Stephen , the First Martyr, the celebration of February 5 .
Content
History
According to Roman mythology, it was founded by the satellite of Aeneas Kapis . Thanks to the fertility of the surrounding lands and favorable trading position, Capua has become in ancient times the first city of Campania; in 420 BC e. fell into the power of the Samnites ; in the war of the Romans with the Samnites in 344, she sided with the Romans, who then subjugated the city with the whole region. After the Battle of Cannes, Capua in 216 BC switched to the side of Hannibal , for which the city was subsequently severely punished. After the capture of the city by the Romans, almost the entire population was either exterminated or enslaved . The city was empty and lost its rights. However, the city soon began to populate again and again returned to a flourishing position. In the year 389 e. here was the Capuan church cathedral to eliminate the schism that occurred in the church of Antioch. During the migration of peoples, the city suffered a lot and in 456 was devastated by vandals .
Later, Capua was part of the first duchy of Benevento , then Salerno ; in 841, Capua was destroyed by the Saracens. The new city was rebuilt in 856, 4 km from the place where the old one was located. In 900, Atenulf , Count of Capuan, was elected to the Dukes of Benevento, and Capua was elevated to a separate principality ; since then, the fate of Capua has been connected with the history of Benevento. Under the Duke of Pandulf (943–981), the capital Benevento was moved to Capua. In 1062, Capua was conquered by the Norman Earl Richard of Aversa , in 1135 - by the King of the Sicilian Roger , in 1252 - by Emperor Conrad IV . In 1501, Capua was cunningly occupied by the troops of the Papal Region under the command of Cesare Borgia , and the city was looted and up to 5,000 people were brutally killed. During the Spanish Succession War, Capua was occupied by the Austrians. In 1799, the French general Championne took Capua, but six months later was forced to surrender it to Admiral Nelson . In 1821, a truce was concluded in Capua between the Austrians and Neapolitans. In 1860, Capua surrendered to Garibaldi .
Interesting Facts
- In French, there is the expression “Capuan Nega” (Les délices de Capoue), meaning light joys and relaxation [2] .
- In Capua, the revolt of Spartacus began.
Notes
Literature
- Kapua // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Pellegrino, "Apparate alle antichit à di Capua" ( Naples , 1651 and in Latin, Leiden ., 1723 );
- Granata, "Storia della fed. citt à di S. "(Naples, 1751 );
- Rinaldo, Memorie istor. della citt à di S. "( 1713 );
- Daniele, "Monete antiche di C." ( 1802 );
- Rucca, C. vetere "( 1828 ).
- Karmazina O. V. 2005: On the two names of Kapui // Scientific works of teachers and students of the Faculty of History . Vol. 1. Voronezh, 38-42.
- Karmazina O. V. 2005: Cult of Mater Matuta in ancient Kapua // Problems of the study and teaching of cultural history: materials of an international scientific conference. Voronezh, 38-41.
- Karmazina O. V. 2011: The Battle of Capua 211 BC e. // Scientific reports of Belgorod State University. Series: History. Political science. Economy. Computer science. 17, 20-26.