November 18th

See also: Category: Holidays November 18

National

•   Latvia - Independence Day .

  Religious

  In the Orthodox Church ^{[2] [3]}

• the memory of the martyrs of Galaktion and Episthemia ( 3rd century ) ^[4] ;
• the memory of Saint Jonah, the archbishop of Novgorod ( 1470 );
• Commemoration of St. Tikhon, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia (Election to the Patriarchal Throne, 1917 );
• commemoration of martyr Gabriel Maslennikov , Presbyter ( 1937 );
• the memory of the apostles from the 70 Patrova , Erma , Lin , Gaia , Philologist ( I century );
• memory of St. Gregory, Archbishop of Alexandria ( 9th century );
• Memory of the Fathers of the Local Council of the Russian Church, 1917-1918. ^[5] .

See also: Category: Events November 18

Until the XIX century

• 1477 - William Kexton published the first book printed in England with a date.
• 1626 - Pope Urban VIII consecrated the Cathedral of St. Peter in Rome.
• 1723 - a metallurgical fortress plant on the Iset River was put into operation, named after the empress and with her consent Yekaterinburg .
• 1775 - a manifesto on the new division of Russia into 50 provinces was published.
• 1796 - the Life Guards regiment of his majesty Hussars was formed .

XIX century

• 1812 - Battle of the Red . Russian troops defeat the French rearguard Marshal Ney .
• 1842 - A decree was issued on the construction of the first permanent bridge across the Neva - Blagoveshchensky (in 1918–2007 - the Lieutenant Schmidt Bridge).
• 1865 - Mark Twain 's first story, The Famous Jumping Frog, published in the Saturday Press.
• 1868 - The Russian Chemical Society is founded on the initiative of DI Mendeleev .
• 1870 - The first official pigeon mail line links Tours and Paris .
• 1873 - A monument to I. F. Kruzenshtern (sculptor I. N. Schröder ) is opened in St. Petersburg on the embankment of Vasilyevsky Island (now Lieutenant Schmidt Emb.)

XX century

• 1901 - The Second Hay-Paunssof Treaty between the United States and Great Britain , under which the United States is granted the right to build a canal on the Isthmus of Panama .
• 1905
  • Danish prince Karl is elected king of Norway Haakon VII .
  • The Japanese-Korean Protectorate Treaty was signed, under which Korea loses the right to conduct its own foreign policy .
• 1916 - One of the bloodiest battles of the First World War ended - the Battle of the Somme .
• 1917 - In Moscow, by the decision of the All-Russian Sacred Council, Metropolitan Tikhon was elected Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia .
• 1918
  • Latvia declared its independence.
  • The coup in Omsk : the Cossack units of the Omsk garrison arrested the members of the Provisional All-Russian Government (Directory) , the Council of Ministers of the Directory transferred power to Admiral A. V. Kolchak with the title of Supreme Ruler of the Russian State .
  • Evacuation of German troops from France .
  • Belgian troops enter Brussels and Antwerp .
• 1920 - For the first time in the world, abortions were legalized by a joint decree of the People's Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR and the People's Commissariat of the RSFSR “On artificial interruption of pregnancy ”
• 1928 - In New York , the premiere of the first Steamboat Willie sound cartoon is played with everyone's favorite hero Mickey Mouse . Before that, Mickey Mouse appeared in two silent cartoons.
• 1936 - Germany and Italy declare recognition of the government of Franco in Spain .
• 1941 - In North Africa, the British carry out Operation Crusader in Egypt , which ends with the liberation of the city of Tobruk in Libya ( December 7 ) and the launch of the offensive (ends in 1942 ).
• 1945
  • In the Iranian province of Azerbaijan, an uprising organized by the Communists. Government forces sent to suppress him were stopped by Soviet troops near the city of Qazvin .
  • In Portugal , the National Union party of Prime Minister Salazar wins the parliamentary elections, boycotted by the opposition.
  • In the parliamentary elections in Bulgaria won the "Fatherland Front", which was dominated by the Communists .
• 1954 - In Egypt, General Nasser becomes head of state.
• 1961 - The launch of the American automatic station Ranger-2 with the aim of testing the device in high near - earth orbit .
• 1962 - The New World magazine publishes the novel “ One Day of Ivan Denisovich ” by A. Solzhenitsyn .
• 1981 - US President Reagan proposes to stop the deployment of cruise missiles and Pershing in Europe if the USSR dismantles its medium-range missiles aimed at the countries of Western Europe .
• 1982 - Permutations in the organs. Nikolai Shchelokov (Minister since 1966 ) was relieved of his duties as Minister of the Interior. Vitaliy Fedorchuk, former chairman of the KGB, was appointed in his place. Victor Chebrikov became the new KGB chairman.
• 1983
  • The UN Security Council adopts resolution 541, in which the declaration by the legislative council of the Turkish part of Cyprus of the independence of the Turkish federal state of Cyprus on November 14 is declared illegal.
  • Unsuccessful attempt to capture the aircraft in the Georgian SSR , several people were killed and injured.
• 1987
  • In the United States published a report of the joint committee of the Senate and the House of Representatives to investigate the circumstances of the Iran-Contra scandal, in which President Reagan was accused of violating the laws. Eight Republicans on the committee refuse to sign the document provided.
  • The fire at Kings Cross London Underground leads to the death of 30 people.
• 1989 - The beginning of the velvet revolution in Czechoslovakia .
• 1991 - the beginning of a massacre in Vukovar .
• 1992 - In Pakistan, Benazir Bhutto suffered as a result of an attack using tear gas, which the police undertook against participants in the march on Islamabad , who demanded new parliamentary elections.

XXI century

• 2003 - The Supreme Court of Massachusetts found the deprivation of the right to marry representatives of sexual minorities illegal. Massachusetts became the first state in America to recognize gay marriage.
• 2014 - The accident at the Solikamsk mine . Failure in Solikamsk

See also: Category: Born November 18

Until the XIX century

• 1586 - Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky (died 1610 ), Russian statesman and military leader of the Time of Troubles .
• 1647 - Pierre Beyle (died 1706 ), French thinker and theologian.
• 1720 - Irakli II (d. 1798 ), Georgian king, who concluded the Treaty of St. George with Russia.
• 1785 - Sir David Wilkie (d. 1841 ), Scottish painter.
• 1786
  • Karl Maria von Weber (d. 1826 ), composer, conductor, music critic, founder of the German romantic opera.
  • Ekaterina Semenova (died 1849 ), Russian tragic actress.
• 1787 - Louis Daguerre (died 1851 ), French artist and inventor, one of the creators of photography.

XIX century

• 1828 - John Down (died 1896 ), an English geneticist who discovered Down syndrome .
• 1832 - Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskjold (died 1901 ), Swedish geologist, explorer of the Arctic , in 1878–1879. on the ship "Vega" the first to pass through the North-East passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean .
• 1847 - Elishka Krasnogorskaya (died 1926 ), Czech writer, translator, poetess, playwright and author of the libretto.
• 1852 - Mikolas Ales , (d. 1913 ), Czech artist and illustrator.
• 1856 - Nikolai Nikolayevich Junior (died 1929 ), Grand Duke, Adjutant General, cavalry general, grandson of Russian Emperor Nicholas I.
• 1860 - Ignacy Jan Paderevsky (died 1941 ), Polish pianist, composer and politician, first prime minister of Poland.
• 1877 - Arthur Cecil Pigou (d. 1959 ), English economist.
• 1882 - Jacques Maritain (died 1973 ), French philosopher, theologian, representative of neo-Thomism .
• 1889 - Stanislav Kosior (shot in 1939 ), Soviet state and party leader.
• 1892 - Galaktion Tabidze (died 1959 ), Georgian Soviet poet.
• 1897 - Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett (d. 1974 ), English physicist, Nobel laureate (1948).
• 1898 - Joris Ivens (d. 1989 ), Dutch documentary filmmaker.
• 1899 - Mikhail Vodopyanov (died 1980 ), Soviet pilot, participant in the rescue of the Chelyuskin crew, one of the first Heroes of the Soviet Union .
• 1899 - Eugene Ormandy (d. 1985 ), American conductor, Hungarian by birth.
• 1900 - Joseph Prut (d. 1996 ), Soviet playwright, screenwriter.

XX century

• 1901 - George Gallup (d. 1984 ), American statistician, developer of public opinion polling techniques.
• 1906
  • Alec Issigonis (d. 1988 ), English designer and car designer.
  • Klaus Mann (died 1949 ), German writer, the eldest son of Thomas Mann .
• 1908
  • Christopher Bagdasaryan (d. 2000 ), Soviet and Russian physicochemist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Russian Academy of Sciences .
  • Nikolai Melnikov (d. 2000 ), Soviet and Russian organic chemist, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
• 1920 - Konstantin Beskov (d. 2006 ), Soviet footballer and football coach.
• 1922
  • Victor Afanasyev (d. 1994 ), Soviet philosopher and party leader, editor-in-chief of the Pravda newspaper.
  • Luis Somoza Debuile (died 1967 ), President of Nicaragua (1957-1963).
• 1923 - Alan Bartlett Shepard (d. 1998 ), American astronaut, the fifth man to set foot on the moon.
• 1927
  • Eldar Ryazanov (d. 2015 ), film director, actor, playwright and screenwriter, People's Artist of the USSR.
  • Hank Ballard (d. 2003 ), American singer, musician, songwriter, one of the pioneers of rock and roll.
• 1928
  • Otar Gordeli (died 1994 ), Soviet composer.
  • Sergey Kurdyumov (d. 2004 ), Soviet and Russian scientist in the field of mathematical modeling, plasma physics and synergetics , corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
• 1936 - Don Cherry (d. 1995 ), American jazz trumpeter.
• 1938 - Vladimir Levi , Soviet and Russian psychologist, writer.
• 1939 - Amanda Lear , French pop singer and model.
• 1941 - David Hemmings (d. 2003 ), English actor, director and producer.
• 1944 - Wolfgang Joop , German fashion designer.
• 1948
  • Tõnis Mägi , Soviet and Estonian singer, composer and actor.
  • Herman Rarebella , German drummer, songwriter, member of the rock band " Scorpions ".
• 1950
  • Mikhail Muromov , Soviet and Russian singer, composer.
  • Graham Parker , British rock musician of the 70s, songwriter.
  • Valery Filatov , Soviet football player, coach.
• 1951 - David Kipiani (died in 2001 ), footballer, player of Tbilisi “Dinamo” and the USSR national team.
• 1958 - Gennady Vetrov , Soviet and Russian entertainer, actor, humorist, satirist and musician.
• 1960
  • Kim Wilde , British pop singer, songwriter, DJ, TV presenter.
  • Jiang Ihua , Chinese politician, Prime Minister of the People's Republic of China (2013-2014).
  • Andrei Zhitinkin , director of theater and cinema, People's Artist of Russia.
• 1961 - Steven Moffat , British television screenwriter and producer.
• 1962 - Kirk Hammett , American guitarist, songwriter, member of the group " Metallica ".
• 1963 - Peter Schmeichel , Danish footballer, goalkeeper.
• 1968 - Owen Wilson , American film actor.
• 1969 - Oleg Yakovlev (d. 2017 ), Russian singer, former soloist of the Ivanushki International group.
• 1970 - Pete Wilson , Australian actress and model.
• 1974 - Chloe Stevens Sevigny , American actress of French origin, winner of the Golden Globe Award.
• 1980
  • Emanuel Sandyu , Canadian figure skater, dancer, singer.
  • Ivan Tcherezov , Russian biathlete, three-time world champion.
• 1981 - Emilia Spivak , Russian theater and film actress.
• 1988 - Larisa Ilchenko , Russian swimmer, Olympic champion (2008), 8-time world champion.

See also: Category: Dead November 18

Until the XIX century

• 1189 - Wilhelm II the Good (b. 1153 ), the last Norman ruler of the Sicilian kingdom (1166–1189).
• 1689 - Jacob van der Ulft (b. 1627 ), Dutch painter and architect of the golden age of Holland .

XIX century

• 1827 - Wilhelm Hauf (born 1802 ), German writer and storyteller.
• 1856 - Mikhail Semenovich Vorontsov (b. 1782 ), field marshal general.
• 1881 - Nikolai Muravyov-Amursky (born 1809 ), Governor-General of Eastern Siberia.
• 1884 - Vladimir Zhemchuzhnikov (b. 1830 ), Russian poet, one of the creators of the image of Kozma Prutkov .
• 1886 - Chester Alan Arthur (b. 1829 ), 21st President of the United States .
• 1887 - Gustav Theodor Fechner ( him. Gustav Theodor Fechner ) (b. 1801 ), German physicist, philosopher, founder of psychophysics.

XX century

• 1913 - Vsevolod Miller (b. 1848 ), Russian philologist, folklorist, ethnographer and archaeologist.
• 1922 - Marcel Proust (b. 1871 ), French writer.
• 1928 - Moritz Stiller (b. 1883 ), Swedish actor, screenwriter and director of silent films.
• 1941
  • Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov (b. 1893 ), Major General, participant of the Battle of Moscow , Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).
  • Walter Hermann Nernst (b. 1864 ), German scientist, founder of physical chemistry, Nobel laureate (1920).
• 1945 - Vytautas Beachiunas (b. 1893 ), Lithuanian critic, playwright, director, prose writer, artist.
• 1952 - Paul Eluard (born 1895 ), French poet.
• 1955 - Janis Goldmanis (b. 1875 ), Russian and Latvian political figure.
• 1961
  • Gray Shapshal (b. 1873 ), Russian, Polish and Soviet philologist, orientalist, professor, Karaite gaham .
  • Eduard Tisse (b. 1897 ), cameraman, founder of the Russian camera school.
• 1962 - Niels Bor (born 1885 ), Danish physicist, Nobel Prize winner (1922).
• 1964 - Sean O'Casey (born 1880 ), Irish playwright.
• 1971 - Sergey Orlov (b. 1911 ), sculptor, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1976 - Man Ray (born 1890 ), French and American avant-garde artists.
• 1978
  • Giorgio de Chirico (b. 1888 ), Italian painter and art theorist.
  • Maria Kravchunovskaya (b. 1898 ), theater and film actress, honored actress of the RSFSR.
• 1981 - Alexey Okladnikov (b. 1908 ), Soviet archeologist, historian, ethnographer , academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences .
• 1983
  • Ivan Albright (b. 1897 ), American painter.
  • Vladimir Monakhov (b. 1922 ), Soviet cameraman and director, winner of the Lenin Prize.
• 1987 - Jacques Anquetil (born 1934 ), French cyclist, five-time winner of the Tour de France .
• 1991 - Gustav Husak (b. 1913 ), head of Czechoslovakia in 1969–1989.
• 1994 - Nikita Karatsupa (b. 1910 ), legendary Soviet border guard, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1996 - Zinovy ​​Gerdt (born 1916 ), actor of theater and cinema, People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1997 - Mikhail Shvartsman (b. 1926 ), painter, graphic artist and designer, one of the leaders of the Moscow “unofficial art”.
• 1999
  • Paul Bowles (b. 1910 ), American writer and composer.
  • Ivan Timofeevich Frolov (b. 1929 ), philosopher, academician, founder and director of the Institute of Man of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
• 2000
  • Ilya Starinov (b. 1900 ), Soviet military, partisan-saboteur.
  • Emin Sabit oglu Makhmudov (b. 1937 ), composer, people's artist of Azerbaijan.

XXI century

• 2002
  • James Coburn (b. 1928 ), film actor.
  • Bolot Beyshenaliev (b. 1937 ), theater and film actor, People's Artist of Kyrgyzstan.
• 2004 - Alexander Ragulin (b. 1941 ), hockey player, three-time Olympic champion, ten-time world champion.
• 2005 - Armen Abagian (born 1933 ), Soviet and Russian scientist in the field of atomic energy, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
• 2011
  • Artem Karapetyan (b. 1926 ), Soviet and Russian theater and film actor, screenwriter, dubbing king.
  • Yury Karyakin (b. 1930 ), Soviet and Russian literary scholar, writer, publicist, public figure.
• 2016
  • Denton Cooley (b. 1920 ), an American heart surgeon, the world's first artificial heart transplant patient.
  • Yevgeny Lazarev (b. 1937 ), Soviet, Russian and American theater and film actor, theater director, teacher.
• 2017 - Malcolm Young (born 1953 ), rock musician, known as the founder and rhythm guitarist of the Australian rock band AC / DC .

• Galaktion. Milky Day. The girls prayed for the bridegrooms and begged the Almighty to send them a real husband ^{[6] [7]} .