Postmodernism in architecture is a combination of trends that originated in the 1960s , which replaced the prevailing modernism . The heyday of the style began in the 1980s and continues to this day.
Content
Description
The functionalism of modernism, its stereotypical forms and ideas have exhausted themselves. Excessive rationalism of modernist decisions created an atmosphere of despondency. Time required the introduction of a jet of originality in every creation, the denial of the machine building of mass dwellings, in which the formation of the external appearance of the building became just as rationally determined, matured.
An idea has ripened to return imagery and originality. Postmodernists began to search for uniqueness in the creation of new forms. They came up with the idea to harmonize architecture in accordance with the surrounding artificial and natural environments. The modernist asceticism in design, the conveyor approach to creating the appearance of dwellings and the rejection of the perception of the classical heritage were rejected. Their architectural decisions pursue taking into account the features of the existing urban environment during the construction of the building.
In the exterior decoration of buildings, postmodernists strove for symmetry and proportionality, for the expressive imagery of buildings. Wall decoration, bas-reliefs, murals, etc., often borrowed from historical architectural traditions, were actively introduced (revived). Aesthetics is at the forefront, for the creation of which postmodern architects did not hesitate to borrow from historical styles, down to the principles of composition. [one]
The most prominent practices of postmodernism , such as Robert Venturi , Maurice Culot, Leon Crie, Aldo Rossi , Antoine Grumbach formulated his following postulates:
- "Imitation" of historical monuments and "patterns";
- “References” to any architectural monument in the general composition or its details;
- work in "styles" (historical and architectural);
- “Reverse archeology” - the convergence of a new facility with old construction equipment;
- “Everyday life of realism and antiquity” created by the well-known “belittling” or simplification of the applied classical forms. [one]
Buildings
- Piazza d'Italia in the USA;
- The Crooked House in Sopot ;
- Robot Building in Bangkok;
- " Cubic houses " in Rotterdam.
- National Stadium in China.
Architects
- Peter Eisenman
- Ricardo Bofil
- Robert Venturi
- Michael Graves
- Antoine Grumbach
- Philip Johnson
- Leon Creer
- Maurice Kulo
- Daniel Libeskind
- Ricardo Legoreta
- Charles Moore
- Aldo Rossi
- Robert Stern
- James Fraser Stirling
- Gary frank
- Dana Cosmina
See also
- Chronology of architectural styles